A N E 



near an inch long. The height oi ezch frond, with its Jla/i, 

 is about two feet. A few rather more flender Jialks, from 

 the root, bear each a long interrupted, whorled fpike, with 

 fix or eight drooping, obtufe, denfe, blackifh branches, in 

 every whorl, above an inch long, on capillary ftalks, but 

 how they are fubdivided we have no information. Plumier 

 compares them to little black caterpillars. 



1 8. A.. JiUcuUfolia. Hemlock-leaved Radical Anemia. 

 Swartz n. 17. Willd. n. 17. (Ofmunda filiculifoUa ; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1521. O. filiculae folio altera; Plum. Fil. 138. 



t. 161. O. cicutae folio ; Petiv. Fil. n. 170. t. 9. f. 3.) 



Frond tliree-branched, pinnate, pinnatifid ; fegments wedge- 

 (haped, decurrent ; notched at the extremity. Spikes 

 panicled, on radical ftalks. — Found but rarely by Plumier, 

 in the forefts of Hifpaniola. A fpecimen, without any 

 indication from whence it came, is preferved in the Lin- 

 nsan herbarium, and referred to Ofmunda [Anemia) bipin- 

 nata, (fee n. 15. ) Linnaeus appears to have had it when he 

 wrote the iirft edition of Sp. PI., but all he fays of either of 

 thefe fpecies is entirely taken from Plumier, who is the pri- 

 mary authority for both. A. Jilicul'ifolta varies from five 

 inches to above a foot in height. The barren fronds have 

 flender, roughifti, rather long, Jlalks, and are nearly penta- 

 gonal in their outline ; having three principal branches, 

 which are firft pinnate, then more or lefs deeply pinnatifid 

 and cut, always in a wedge-like manner ; they are hairy on 

 both fides. The common mid-rib is winged. From the 

 fame tufted root grow one or more rather taller y?a/if/, each 

 bearing a triply-compound, flightly hairy, panicle, or com- 

 pounds/if, whofe linear ultimate fegments are laden, on one 

 fide, \vith rather large, and not very numerous, capfules, each 

 having a very diilinifl, brown, fhining, radiated top, below 

 which is a lateral fiflure. The engraving of Plumier gives 

 no idea of the fize or nature of thefe capfules, nor of their 

 arrangement, fo that we may fuppofe him equally incorreft 

 with regard to our fifteenth or feventeenth fpecies. 



Dr. Swartz, Syn. Fil. 158, points out, as a. probable 

 fpecies of this genus, FUicaflrum americanum minus, foliii 

 ramofis hirfutis, Ammann in Comment. Petrop. v. 10. 295. 

 t. 19. This was found by Dr. Houftoun at Vera Cruz, 

 and however unlike the figure may feem to Plumier's t. 161, 

 our fpecimen mentioned, and partly defcribed, under the 

 laft fpecies, ferves to prove them, at leail in our opinion, 

 one and the fame plant ; for it explains the inaccuracies of 

 both figures, and is intermediate between the two in the 

 ftruAure of the barren _/)-&fii/. We cannot doubt its being 

 one of Houftoun's fpecimens. The panicled inflorefcence 

 agrees with Ammann's figure, but the detail of that figure 

 is no lels ir.correft than Plumier's, fo that nothing precife 

 can be gathered from either. 



ANEMOMETER, col. 2, for IX. infertVIIL No. 3. 



ANEMONE, in Botany, has received fo much improve- 

 ment and illuftration from the pen of profeflbr De CandoUe, 

 that our former article is by no means fufficient to give a 

 complete, or an accurate, idea of this genus. Linnaeus 

 indeed had but an imperfeft acquaintance with its fpecies, 

 nor do all authors agree with him as to its generic limits. 

 M. De CandoUe however excludes Hepatica only. (See 

 that article hereafter.) His view of the fubjeft cannot but 

 prove inftruftive and interefting. — De Cand. Syft. v. i. 188. 

 Linn. Gen. 279. Schreb. 375. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 1272. 

 Mart. Mill. Dia. v. i. Sm. Fl. Brit. 580. Prodr. Fl. 

 Grace. Sibth. v. i. 374. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 336. Pur(h 

 386. Juff. 232. Tourn. t. 147. Lamarck llluftr. t. 496. 

 Gaertn. t. 74. — Clafs and order, Polyandrta Polygynia. Nat. 

 Ord. Multifiliquic, Linn. Ranunculacex, Juff. De Cand. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. none, except a thiee-Ieaved, varioufly 



A N E 



cut, involucrum. C.r. Petals firom five to fifteen, ovate or 

 1 r.^" f "l ^','^'"^"t^ numerous, capillary, not half the 



length of the corolla ; anthers two-lobed, ereft. Pitt air 

 mens numerous, collefted into a head, fingle-feeded^;" ftyles 

 tapenng;ft,gn,as blunt. P.r,V. none. :l.r.//. globofe or 

 crowTn^'^lr'^^'"'" --"vations. Seeds numerous, 

 crowded, roundifh, pomted with the permanent ftyle, which 

 mfome IS lengthened out into a feathery tail, 

 fiv. ofift ^"^°'"/'""™ three-leaved, cut. Petals from 



Vu ""^"- ^^^^^ numerous, capitate. 



Th>s genus confifts of perennial herbs. Roots for per- 

 hapsfubterraneous>;«x?) either tuberous, or horizontaUy 

 creeping, or limply fibrous. Leaves radical, ftalked, fimple 

 (or compound), lobed or cut. Flonver-Jlalk radical, bear- 

 ing at the fummit an involucrum of three, rarely but two. 

 leaves, varioufly cut, but conformable in general to the 

 proper foliage From this involucrum proceeds ufuaUy one 

 or many fimple, naked, fingle-flowered >/i. ; fome appa- 

 rently caulefcent fpecies have one fuch leaflefs >/i, ^d, 

 beiides, a fort of branch, bearing mother Jo'u,er-Jali, accom- 

 panied by a two-leaved involucrum. The ftotvers areino- 

 dorous, very variable, and readily become double. 



The recent plants are acrid, and raife bUfters in the fkin. 

 It applied externally : internally they are poifonous in fome 

 degree, though feveral have been prefcribed in chronical 

 ophthahnia, and venereal caries of the bones. 



The forty-five fpecies, with which we are at prefenf 

 acquainted, inhabit paftures, hills, woods or thickets, of 

 temperate climates, principally in the northern hemifphere ; 

 the PulfatilU are found on rough expofed hilly fields ; Preo- 

 naathi on the loftieft mountains ; Pulfatilloiden at the Cape 

 of Good Hope ; Anemonanthex in meadows, paftures, or 

 woods ; Anemonofpermi in North and South America and 

 in Afia ; Omalocarpi in mountainous fituations. There are 

 two fpecies from the Cape of Good Hope, four from South 

 America, eleven from North America, feventeen are natives 

 of Europe, three of the Levant, five of Siberia, two of 

 Nepaul, and one of Japan. Four appear to be common to 

 North America and Europe. 



Anemone is a very natural genus, and De CandoUe declares 

 his opinion againft fubdividing it ; firft, becaufe the fedion 

 Preananthus has the habit and flower of the Anemonanthea, 

 with the feathery -tailed fruit of Pulfatilla ; fecondly, becaufe 

 the fruit being furniihed with fuch an appendage, or defti- 

 tute of it, is not to be confidered effential in the prefent 

 cafe, the fame circumftance proving of no avail in the genus 

 Clematis, fo nearly related to tlie prefent. 



The following divifions, founded on the whole habit as 

 well as the fruit, prove extremely natural. 



Seft. I . Pulfatilla. Seeds terminating in long, bearded 

 tails. Involucral leaves feflile, deeply palmate, wkh linear 

 lobes. Species i — 7. 



2. Preonanthus. Seeds terminating in long bearded taUs. 

 Involucral leaves ftalked, in three fegments. Species 8. 



3. Pulfatilloides. Seeds very hair)-. Petals fifteen to 

 twenty. Involucral leaves two or three, feftile, cut at the 

 fummit. Species 9 and ic. 



4. Anemonanthea. Seeds without tails, ovate. Partial 

 flower-ftalks fohtarj' or in pairs, alwavs leaflcfs and fingle- 

 flowered. Involucral leaves ftalked. Species 1 1 — 32. 



J. Anemonof pernios . Seeds without tails, rather com- 

 prefled. Partial flower-ftalks feveral ; one of them leaflefs 

 and fingle-flowered ; two or three others bearing a two- 

 leaved partial involucrum. Species 33 — 40. 



6. Omahcarpus. Seeds compreffed flat, orbicular, or flightly 

 oval, fmooth, without tails. Partial flower-ftalks numerous, 

 umbeUate, leaflefs, fingle-flowered. Species 41 — 43. 



f Species 



