A Q U 



tieSanes, it mull have been what we have jult defcribed, 

 taken by him for the LiiinaEan alpina, though not without 

 Tome doubt. 



5. A. a/pina. (See Aquilegia, n. 3.) Alpine Columbine. 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 752. Willd. n. 3. Ait. n. 3. Ehrh. Beitr. 

 V. 7. 146. Sm. Tour. ed. 2. v. 3. 137. Allien. Pedem. v. 2. 

 64. t. 66. (A. n. 1 196; Hail. Hift. V. 2. 89. A. mon- 

 tana, magno flore ; Bauh. Pin. 144. Prodr. 75. Bauh. 

 Hift. V. 3. 484.) — Lips of the neftaries half as long as 

 the elliptic -lanceolate pointed petals ; fpurs curved at the 

 extremity. Stem two or three-flowered, leafy. Leaflets 

 vrith many deep, linear-wedgertiaped, fegments. Capfuk-s 

 downy, corrugated — Native of bufhy alpine fituations in 

 Switzerland, Savoy, Mount Cenis, &c. flowering in July 

 or Auguft ; but not, we beheve, of Siberia, the variety (S of 

 De CandoUe appearing to belong to the laft fpecies. The 

 real yf. alpina is the moft magnificent of its genus, diftin- 

 guifhed by fine blue Jlowers, fpreading two and a half or 

 three inches, and well reprefcnted in AUioni's plate. The 

 herbage is fmooth. Stem often above two feet high, bearing 

 feveral flowers. The germens are denfely downy. Capfuks 

 near an inch long, finely hairy, tranfverfely wrinkled, with 

 copious, prominent, parallel, confluent veins. Seeds black 

 and fliining, numerous. Miller might have cultivated this 

 noble plant at Chelfea, hut it had long been loft, and was 

 reftored by feeds from Mount Cenis, in 1787, being now 

 probably again extinft in England. 



6. A. pyrenaica. Pyrenean Columbine. " De Cand. 

 Fr. ed. 3. V. 5. 640." (A. alpina; Lamarck n. 3.) — 

 " Spurs of the neftaries quite ftraight, fcarcely fliorter than 

 the limb. Stem nearlv naked, moftly fingle-flowered. 

 Leaflets with numerous, deep, linear lobes." — Found in 

 elevated rocky paftures, among the Pyrenees and Apen- 

 nines. Akin to the laft, but in all its parts but half as 

 large. Leaves on longer ftalks, their outline nearly circu- 

 lar. Flcnuers one or two, middle-fized, blue. Petals [fe- 

 pala, De C. ) oval, tapering at each end. Spurs flender, per- 

 fectly ftraight to the very point. Stem and footjlalhs either 

 quite fmooth, or flightly hairy. Some fynonyms ol A. "vif- 

 rofa are repeated under this fpecies by De Candolle, at leaft 

 thofe of the Bauhins and their followers. We have feen no 

 fpecimen, and can form no opinion. There feems fome con- 

 fufion in oar able friend De Candolle's fpecific charafters of 

 this and the laft. The fpur in A. alpina is half the length 

 of its real petals, as Linnxus fays ; De Candolle fays half 

 the length of the limb of his petals, our nedaries, which is 

 not the cafe, thofe parts being of equal length, as is nearly 

 the cafe with A. pyrenaica. But in this latter perhaps the 

 petals, \\\%fepala, are no longer. This point is material. 



5. A. canadenfts. (See Aquilegia, n. 4.) Canadian 

 Columbine. Linn. Sp. PI. 752. Willd. n. 4. Ait. n. 4. 

 Curt. Mag. t. 246. Purfli n. I. Bigelow Boft. 133. (A. 

 pumila praecox canadenfis ; Cornut. Canad. 59. t. 60. Mill. 

 Ic. t.'°47. A. canadenfis, flore extern^ rubicundo, medio 

 luteo ; Morif. feft. 12. t. 2. f. 4.) — Spurs ftraight. Styles 

 and ftamens prominent. Petals acute, rather longer than the 

 limb of the neftaries. Leaflets deeply three-lobed, bluntifli, 

 notched. — In the crevices of rocks, from Canada to Caro- 

 lina, flowering in April and May. Purjh. A hardy peren- 

 nial in our gardens, diftinguiflied by the beauty of its fcai- 

 leiflotvers, variegated with yellow, remarkable for their 

 long, ftraight, ereft fpurs. The germens are downy, with 

 very long and i\enAeTjlyles. 



8. A. viridifora. (See Aquilegia, n. 5.) Green- 

 flowered Columbine. " Pallas Aft. Petrop. for 1779. ^^°- 

 t. II." Willd. n. 5. Ait. n. 5. Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 102. — 

 Spurs ftraight, longer than the limb of each ncftary. Sta- 



A R A 



mens the length of the neftaries. Styles much longer. 

 Petals eUiptic-oblong, fliorter than the neftaries. — Found in 

 Siberia by Pallas, who fent feeds to Kew in 1 780. The 

 green Jlowers, 3.r\A long fpurs, mark this fpecies. Germens 

 downy, encompafled by membranous abortive _^am«»if, after 

 the perfeft ones are gone. 



9. A. daourica. Daourian Columbine. De Cand. n. 9. 

 — Spurs ftraight, fliorter than the limb of each neftary, 

 ftamens fcarcely prominent. Styles much longer. Petals 

 acute, fliorter than the neftaries. — On the Daourian moun- 

 tains, flowering in June. This refembles the preceding and 

 the following fpecies, differing from the former in having 

 dark purple ^^wfr/, the fpur of whofe nedaries is fliorter 

 than their limb, and their Jlamens a little prominent ; from 

 the latter in having very prominent_y?ji/«, and petals fliorter 

 than the hmb of the neftaries. De Cand. 



10. A. atro-purpurea. Dark Violet Columbine. Willd. 

 Enum. 577. De Cand. n. 10. (A. viridiflora 5 ; Willd. 

 n. 5.) — Spurs ftraight, the length of the limb. Styles and 

 ftamens fcarcely equal to the petals, which are the length of 

 the hmb of the neftaries. — Native of Siberia, according to 

 Willdenow, from whom this fpecies is entirely adopted. 

 The^oiocrj are defcribed as dark purple, or blueifli-\'ioIet ; 

 the limb of each neRary greenifli-blue ; fpur bluelfli -violet. 

 Profeffor De Candolle fufpefts this may be the fame plant 

 as Dr. Sims's hybrida, (fee fibirica, n. 4.) which is not at all 

 improbable, and if fo, we lofe another out of liis thirteen 

 fpecies. The only difficulty is to conceive, that Willdenow 

 could, at any time, reckon this kyhrida a variety of viridi- 



Jlora, to which his atro-purpurea was reduced in his Sp. PI. 



11. A. parviflora. Small-flowered Columbine. De 

 Cand. n. 12. (A. fylvarum humilis ; Gmel. Sib. v. 4. 

 186. n. 17. t. 74.) — Spurs ftraight, fliort, nearly as long as 

 the obtufe limb of each neftar)-. Stamens and piftils re- 

 curved, the length of the petals. Stem fmooth, as well as 

 the leaves. — Very frequent in woods about the river Lena. 

 Gmelin. Herb entirely fmooth, except the briftly germens. 

 Stem a foot, or rather more, in height, bearing from two to 

 {esen Jlowers. Leajlets ovate-wedgeftiaped, with three broad 

 obtufe teeth at the end. BraSeas in linear fegments. 

 Flowers blue or violet, much fmaller than thofe of A. cana- 

 denfis ; their fpurs, (according to De Candolle, who had 

 examined dried fpecimens,) ftraight, very ftiort ; Gmelin 

 terms them " fpiral." Petals ovate, acute, tapering at the 

 bafe, longer than the blunt limb of the neSaries. Stamens, 

 as well Ti&Jlyles, curved downwards ; \jiirctn filaments oblong- 

 linear, much crifped at the edges. 



12. A. anemonoides. Anemone Columbine. " Willd. 

 Gefl". Naturf. Berl. Mag. for 1811. 401. t. 9. f. 6." De 

 Cand. n. 13. — Spurs ftraight, very fliort, as long as the 

 limb, which is one-third the length of the petals. Stalks 

 radical, fingle-flowered, nearly naked. — Native of the Al- 

 taian region of Siberia. /?o6i/ perennial. i^c/-3 three inches 

 high, fmooth, refembling Anemone triternata. Leaves radi- 

 cal, divided in a thrice-ternate manner, with oblong feg- 

 ments, either entire, or two or three-lobed. Slali fcarcely 

 longer than the leaves, accompanied by two linear-lanceolate 

 braaeas. Petals ovate, obtufe. Nectaries five, hooded ; 

 their 7^ur.f gibbous at the bafe. IVilld. 



ARACjEI, 1. 10, r. Baanah. 



ARACCA, 1. 5, r. Erach. 



ARALIjE, in Botany, fo named from its principal 

 genus, a natural order of plants, the 59th m Juflieu's fenes, 

 the I ft of his I ath clafs. We have given the charafter of diat 

 clafs under the article Umbellate. The Aralit are thus 

 defined. 



Calyx either entire or toothed at the margin. Petals and 



Jlamms 



