A R I 



nilles, in honour of Mr. Francis Arjona, a celebrated lec- 

 turer on botany at Cadiz. — Cavan. Ic. v. 4. 57. — Clafs and 

 order, Pentandria Motiogynia. Nat. Ord. Lyfimachiu, Juff. 

 affine ? 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of two fmall, concave, 

 permanent leaves, each with three terminal teeth. Cor. of 

 one petal, funnel-fhaped ; tube thrice the length of the 

 calyx, {lightly dilated upward ; limb in five deep, ovate, 

 acute, equal fegments. Stam. Filaments five, capillary, 

 very {hort, inferted into the throat of the tube ; anthers 

 oblong, within the tube. Pifl. Germen fuperior, ovate, 

 crowned with five minute permanent fcales ; ftyle fimple, 

 thread-fhaped, the length of the tube ; ftigmas two, flat. 

 Peric. Berry globofe, crowned with the fcales, of two cells. 



Seeds 



E(r. Ch. Corolla funnel-fhaped, equal. Berry fuperior, 

 of two cells, crowned with five fcales. 



I. A. tuberofa. Tuberous Arjona. Cavan. as above, 

 t. 383. — Naiive of South America, in dry barren ground, 

 near Port Defire, flowering in December. We have a fpe- 

 cimen from the lamented author, gathered by Louis Nee. 

 The long fibres of the root are furnifhed, here and there, 

 wjth oval knobs, well fuited to its arid fituation. Stem foli- 

 tary, a fpan high, with numerous branches from the bottom ; 

 nearly fimple above ; leafy throughout. Leaves very nume- 

 rous, imbricated, (heathing, awl-fhaped, fpinous-pointed, 

 channelled, entire, rather fpreading, clothed with foft woolly 

 hairs. Flonvers in a foUtary, terminal, denfe, corymbofe 

 head. Corolla about an inch long ; externally yellowifh 

 and very downy ; internally fmooth, yellowifh-white. 

 Style reddifli, with fometimes three Jligmas. Berry fmall, 

 fmooth. Seeds not obferv^d. 



There is fomething in the charaflers and hue of this 

 plant, that approaches the natural order of VeprecuU, or 

 Thymeltiie, efpecially in the form and afpeft of its corolla. 

 Poffibly the fruit may not really be of two cells. The two 

 cotyledons of a fingle drupa might, in an early fl;ate, miflead 

 the author, who fays he did not fee the feeds. The barl, 

 however, does not appear to have thofe filky fibres, which 

 are the ftrong indication of the Daphne family. 



ARISTEA, (fee our former article,) a name left unex- 

 plained by profelTor Martyn, is rightly derived by De 

 Theis from arijla, an awn, but does not apply as he fays to 

 the point of the leaf. Solander, the author of this name, 

 appears rather to have alluded to the copious bearded fringe 

 of the (heaths, fo remarkable in the original fpecies. — Ker 

 in Ann. of Bot. v. i. 236. Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. 

 ed. 2. V. I. 108. Vahl Enum. v. 2. 123. 



EfT. Ch. Corolla fuperior, in fix deep regular fegments, 

 fpirally twilled together after flowering, permanent. Cap- 

 fule of three cells, with many feeds. 



Four fpecies having been added to this genus by Mr. Ker, 

 it is neceflary to review the whole. 



1. A. cyanea. Grafs-leaved Ariftea. Ait. n. i. Andr. 

 Repof. t. 10. — Flowers in terminal heads. Sheaths and 

 brafteas in many fine capillary marginal fegments. — Native 

 of the Cape of Good Hope, as well as all the following. 

 See Akistea, n. i. 



2. A. capitata. Talleft Ariftea. Ait. n. 2. Ker in 

 Curt. Mag. t. 605. (A. major; Andr. Repof. t. 160. 

 A. caerulea ; Vahl n. 3. Gladiolus capitatus ; Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 53. Morsea csrulea ; Thunb. Mor. n. 15. t. 2. f. 2. 

 Prodr. u. Fl. Cap. v. i. 277. Willd. Sp. PL v. 1.243.) 

 — Tufts of flowers alternate, racemofe. Sheaths ovate, 

 entire. — Native of mountains in the road to Hautniquas and 

 JLange Kloof, as well as of hills about Cape Town, flowering 



ARK 



in Oftober and November, or in the latter fituation, two 

 months earlier. This fpecies is two feet high, with broadifli 

 fword-fliaped leaves, and large handfome Jlowers, of a fine 

 blue, compofing a long fafciculated clujler. 



3. A. Jpiralis. White Ariftea. Ait. n. 3. Ker in 

 Ann. of Bot. n. 3. (Moraea fpirahs ; Linn. Suppl. 99. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. V. I. 240. Curt. Mag. t. 520. Thunb. 

 Mor. n. 2. Prodr. 10. Fl. Cap. v. i. 263.) — Flowers 

 fpiked, in alternate pairs. Segments of the corolla of equal 

 breadth. Sheaths linearJanceolate, entire. — Native of the 

 Cape, flowering in Auguft, Stalk about a foot high. 

 Leaves hnear-fwordftiaped. Flowers large, two inches 

 broad, white with a purple ftar in the centre ; the three 

 outermoft fegments brown at the back. 



4. A. melaleuca. Mourning Ariftea. Ait. n. 4. Ker 

 in Curt. Mag. t. 1277. (Moraea melaleuca ; Thunb. Mor. 

 n. I. t. I. f. 3. Prodr. 10. Fl. Cap. v. i. 261. Willd. 

 Sp. PI. V. I. 240. Vahl Enum. v. 2. 153. M. lugens i 

 Linn. Suppl, 99.) — Flowers alternate, folitary or in pairs. 

 Three fegments of the corolla not half the fize of the reft. 

 Leaves linear. — Found in feveral fandy buftiy places, at the 

 Cape of Good Hope, flowering in September and Oftober. 

 The root is fibrous. Leaves numerous, two-ranked, four to 

 fix inches long, and not a quarter of an inch broad. Flowers 

 few, fomewhat racemofe, larger than the laft, and very hand- 

 fome, having three concave, almoft orbicular, fegments, of a 

 flcy-blue, an inch and a half long, with three alternate, 

 obovate, black ones, about half as long, and much nar- 

 rower. 



5. A. pufdla. Dwarf Ariftea. Ker in Ann. of Bot, 

 n. 5. (Moraea pufiUa ; Thunb. Mor. n. 4. Prodr. II. 

 Fl. Cap. V. I. 265. Willd, Sp. PI. v. 1. 241. Vahi 

 Enum. V. 2. 154.) — Flower nearly folitary, Tiiree feg-: 

 ments of the corolla narrower than the reft. Stalk two- 

 edged. Leaves fomewhat falcate. Thunberg feems to 

 have forgotten the particular ftations of this fpecies at the 

 Cape. Its root is fibrous. Stalk three inches high. Leaves 

 two-ranked, linear-lanceolate. Sheaths entire. Corolla 

 blue. 



ARISTOLOCHIjE, fo named from the leading genus, 

 is the twenty-third natural order in Juflieu's fyftem, being 

 the only one in his fifth clafs. That clafs is defined as 

 follows. Cotyledons two. Petals none. Stamens inferted 

 into the piftil. The Calyx is fuperior, of one leaf. Stamens 

 definite. Germen inferior ; Jlyle either wanting, or fingle, or 

 definitely multiplied ; Jligma fimple or divided. Frmt of 

 one or many cells. 



The order is thus charafterized, Calyx fuperior, of one 

 leaf, entire or divided. Stamens definite. Germen inferior ; 

 ftyle one, or nearly wanting ; ftigma divided. Fruit of 

 many cells, with numerous y^if/Zr. 



The only genera are, Arijlolochia, A/arum, and Cytinus. 

 Linnxus arranged them with his SARMENTACE^a;, but was 

 lubfequently inclined to refer them to his RHOEADEyE. (See 

 thofe articles. ) We have already obferved that they do not 

 belong to the latter, nor have they any relationfhip to the 

 Sarmentacea, except fomething in the habit and foliage of 

 Arijlolochia. 



ARKANSAS, in Geography, a river of Louifiana, which, 

 next to the Miflouri, is the moft confiderable tributary of 

 the Mifliflippi. Its length is nearly 2500 miles, and at pro- 

 per feafons it is navigable nearly through, the whole diftance. 

 In many places, however, its channel is broad and (hallow, 

 at leaft above the rapids, fo as to render navigation almoft 

 imprafticable. Until 800 or 900 miles from its mouth it 

 receives no confi4erable ftreams, on acceunt of the vicinity 



of 



