A R U 



hnely crenate. Capfule pendulous. Bulbs ftalked. — Native 

 of the neighbourhood of Port Jackfon, New South Wales, 

 from whence we received fpecimcns, near thirty years ago, 

 through the hands of Dr. White. Seeds were communi- 

 cated by Mr. Geo. Caley to fir J. Banks, for Kew garden, 

 in 1800, and this elegaut fpecies is now to be fcen in many 

 grcen-houfes, flowering in various fummer months. The 

 root is perennial. Stem ereft, round, three or four feet 

 high ; nightly leafy in the lower part ; much branched and 

 pauicled above. Leaves linear, pointed, channelled ; (heath- 

 ing at the bale, a foot or more in length, chiefly radical. 

 Branches of the panicle ufually in pairs, fpreading, racemofe. 

 Flowers drooping, three or four together, on undivided par- 

 tial ftalks. Corolla reflexed, half an inch in diameter, 

 white variegated with hlac ; three outer fegments fmall, 

 acute ; three inner ovate, elegantly crifpcd at the margin. 

 Beard of the Jlamens denfe, yellow. Anthers and Jligma 

 purple. 



2. A. Jlrkliim. Upright Arthropodium. Br. n. 2. — 

 " Clulter almoft fimple, many-flowered ; flower-llalks foli- 

 tary. Capfules ereft." — Gathered by Mr. Brown, in Van 

 Diemen's ifland, but after the flowers were paft. 



3. A. minus. LefTer Arthropodium. Br. n. 3. — " Cluf- 

 ter fimple, with few flowers ; flower-fl;alks folitary. Bulbs 

 feflile." — Found by Mr. Brown, near Port Jackfon. 



4. A.Jimhr'mtum. Fringed Arthropodium. Br. n. 4. — 

 " Chiller fimple ; lower flower-flalks in pairs. Filaments 

 naked in their lower part ; tumid and fpongy at the top. 

 Anthers linear. Inner fegments of the corolla fringed." — 

 Native of the neighbourhood of Port Jackfon, where it was 

 noticed by Mr. Brown, who obferves that the ilrufture of 

 the Jlamens is fo different from the reft, as to make him hefi- 

 tate whether this fpecies ought not to form a genus by itfclf. 

 We are not fure whether we are poflenTed of any fpecimens. 



ARTHROSTYLIS, from afS^ei., a joint, and ^vXo:, 

 the fiyle, becaufe of the articulation by which that part is 

 joined to the germen. — Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. 1. 229. 

 — Clafs and order, Triandria Moiwgyriia. Nat. Grd. Cala- 

 mariit, Linn. Cyperccea, Brown. 



Eff. Ch. Spikelet fingle-flowered. Glumes chaffy, imbri- 

 cated ; the lower ones empty. No briftles around the ger- 

 men. Style awl-lhaped, triangular, articulated with the 

 germen, deciduous. Stigmas three. Nut triangular. 



I. A.aphylla. Leaflefs Arthroftylis. Br. n. i Found 



by fir Jofeph Banks, in that part of New Holland which 

 lies within the tropic. The Jlems are flender, unbranched, 

 without joints or knots ; flieathed at the bafe ; naked in the 

 upper part. Head terminal, fimple, turbinate, longer than 

 its three or four-leaved, awl-fliaped involucrum. This genus 

 differs from Abildgardia in its habit, and fingle-flowered 

 fpikelet ; from Rhyncospora in having a deciduous^yy/f, and 

 no briftles furrounding the bafe of the germen ; fee thofe 

 articles. Broicn. 



ARTUSI, 1. 4, infert, he. 



ARVE, for Rhine r. Rhone. 



ARUNDINARIA, in Botany, inadmiffible as a generic 

 name, being formed by an alteration of Arunilo, already 

 received, is applied by Michaux, Fl. Boreal.-Amer. v. i. 

 73, to a genus now called Miegia, in Perf. Ench. v. i. 102, 

 according to Purfli, 59. This cannot, we prefume, anfwer 

 .to Schreber's Miegia, (fee that article,) as the florets in Mi- 

 chaux's plant are numerous ; fo that here is fome confufion 

 which we muft leave the writers in queftion to fettle. 



AS, in Commerce, a fmall Dutch weight, ufed alfo at 

 jrlamburgh, and in Sweden. At Amftordam, 640 afes are 

 = 3n ounce, and 3 ounces = a mark troy. (See Mark.) 



A S C 



In Sweden the fmallell denornination of weijrht is the as, 

 which is the fame as the as of Amfterdam. The mark for 

 weighing gold and filver, called " filfver-marck," is 4384 

 afes, or 3252 grains Englifli troy weight. Hence 40 fuch 

 marks are = 271 ounces troy. In apothecaries' weight, tlie 

 pound is 7416 afes, or 5400 grains troy; and hence 16 

 fuch pounds = 15 pounds Englifli troy, or apothecaries' 

 weight. 



As, 1. 1 5. 23. 27, for TuUius r. Tullus. 



ASAM, 1. 2, after Bengal, infert — bordering on the 

 country of the Grand Lama, or Bootan ; — after Hindoftan, 

 or feparated from Decca, the N.E. quarter of Bengal, by a 

 range of hills, interfetted by the Garrows ; — after Meckley, 

 or Ava and Arracan. 



L. 16, after journey, add — It is underfl;ood to be about 

 700 miles in length, and its mean breadth above 70, though 

 in fome places, where the m^ountains recede, it greatly ex- 

 ceeds that proportion. Dr. Wade thhiks 60,000 fquare 

 miles a very moderate calculation of its fuperficial extent, 

 fo that it confiderably exceeds England and Wales. The 

 whole country is a valley of great fertility, not only divided 

 by the great ilream of Burhampooter, but every where inter- 

 fered by numerous rivers. 



ASAPH, St. 1. 12, for Shipley r. Bagot. 



ASCHRAFF. Add— This place is feated on the ftiore 

 of a bay, which is the only good harbour on the fouthern 

 fide of the Cafpian fea. 



ASCOBOLUS, in Botany, from ccano;, a Jkin, or cafe, 

 and ,5oAo.-, a cajl, or throiu, becaufe the feeds are thrown out. 

 with elafticity, feveral together, in oblong cafes. — Perf. 

 Syn. Fung. 676. Obf. Mycol. fafc. I. 33. — Clafs and 

 order, Cryptogamia Fungi. Nat. Ord. Fungi. 



ILK. Ch. Receptacle hemifpherical, flefliy. Seed-cafes 

 prominent, oblong, difeharged elaftically- Seeds about 

 eight, lodged in moifture. 



1. A. furfuraceus. Powdery Afcobolus. Perf. Obf. 

 Mycol. fafc. I. 33. t. 4. f. 3, a, and 4, 5, 6. (Peziza 

 ftcrcoraria ; Bull. Fung. v. i. 256. t, 376. Sowerb. Fung. 

 t. 18.) — Crowded, rather concave, olive -brown, externally 

 fcurfy. — Common on cow-dung late in autumn. Variable 

 in colour. BuUiard has what he conceives a variety, t. 438. 

 f. 4, in which the difl< is pale purple, the outfide white. 



2. A. carneus. Flefh-coloured Afcobolus. — Smooth, 



flefli-coloured Found rarely on dung, in woods. All over 



of a very pale red. 



3. A. glaber. Smooth Brown Afcobolus. Perf. Obf. 

 Mycol. fafc. I. 34. t. 4. f. 3, b, and f. 7, a, h, c. — Minute, 



crowded, fmooth, rather convex, of a fliining brown 



Common on cow-dung, in autumn. Variable in fliape accord- 

 ing to its age. 



4. A. immerfus. Sunk Afcobolus. Ibid. 35. t. 4. f. 7, 

 d, e. — Scattered, immerfed, irregular, fomewhat conical, 

 rather fcurfy externally In the fame fituations, almoft en- 

 tirely funk in the dung, fo that ihe feed-cafes only are pro- 

 minent, containing black feeds, floating in an evident fluid. 

 Perfoon. 



ASCOPHORA, from ao-no,-, a Jhin, or bladder, and 

 (JJ:pK, to bear. The name originated with Tode, Fung. 

 Mecklenb. fafc. I. 13, who extended his genus to feveral 

 fpecies. Perfoon reftrifts it to a folitary fpecies. Perf. 

 Syn. Fung. 685. — Clafs and order, Cryptogamia Fungi. 

 Nat. Ord. Fungi. 



Eff. Ch. Thread-fliaped, terminating in an empty, flightly 

 inflated, head. 



I. A.percnnis. Perennial Bladder-mould. (A. ovalis ; 

 Tode Fung. Mecklenb. fafc. 1. 15. Afcidium ovatum ; 



Tode 



