A U R 



AVOLA, 1. 4, for minor r. major. ■ ■ ■. 



AVON, in Geography, a townihip of America, in the 

 diftria of Maine and county of Somcrfet, havmg 304 in- 

 habitants. 



AURA, in Orm/^0%, 1-5. '■• Ulloa. 



AURANTIA, in Botany, a weU-marked natural order, 



comDrehendinK the Orange tribe and its allies, as the name medical virt ^ _ 



refles Juffieu is the author of this order, the feventieth VahlEnum. v. 2. 38. — Clafs and order, Triandria Mono 



A Z O 



AUSTIN, a townfliip of Ohio, in the country of Trum- 

 bull, containing 440 inhabitants. 



AUTOGRAPHUM. See VfmTiVG-Machine. 

 AUTOMALITE. See Ruby and Mineralogy, 



Addenda. 



AX I A, in Botany, from afw;, iialuaUe, alluding to it5 

 ' virtues and high eftimation. — Loureir. Cochinch. 3J. 



"his^We"^'^"^'""^''^^^^^^^^^^ ^■'T- Nat.Ord.A^j,ff-,^j..., Juir.? 



are there any traces of it among l\it fragment a ot Lmnsus. Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth iupenor, of three (hort, acute, 



For the charafters of this important thirteenth clafs, we unequal, deciduous leaves. Cor. of one petal, bell-fhaped, 

 - f the reader to Gerania, and proceed to define the very fmall, its border in ten flat, fliort, rounded, equal feg- 



ments. Stam. Filaments three, capillary, the length of the 

 corolla ; anthers of two globular lobes. P'lJ}. Germen infe- 

 rior, ovate, furrowed ; llyle thread-fhaped, the length of 



order in queftion. ,. . , , n . ; j c v 



Cahxli one leaf, often deeply divided. Petals definue, 

 broad at the bafe, inferted around a d,fl. on which the ger- 

 men is placed. Stamens placed upon the fame duk defamte, 

 or more rarely indefinite, their filaments either diftmdt, or 

 combined in one or more parcels. Germen one ; llyle one ; 

 ftigma fimple, or rarely divided. Fruit moftly pulpy, fome- 

 times capfulaf, of one or many cells, with one or ivto feeds 

 in each. Corculum ftraight, afcending, deftitute of albumen. 

 Stem arboreous or (lirubby. Leaves alternate, fimple, or, 

 in fome few inftances, compound. ^, , r , • 



Seft. I. Fruit ivith only one feed. The leaves ot this 

 feaion are not marked with refinous dots, and hence the 

 plants are termed fpurious Jurantia. Except Ximema, their 

 affinity to this order is by no means apparent, in any degree, 

 to us. 



the ftamens ; ftigma thickifn. Peric. none. Seed folitary, 

 ovate, furrowed, hairy. 



EfT. Ch. Calyx three-cleft, fuperior, deciduous. Corolla 

 of one petal, with ten fegments. Seed folitary. 



I. Pi., cochinch'inenfis. iVAsn yam ^/j« _yfn of the Cochinchi- 

 nefe. — Native of Cochinchina, nor did Loureiro ever meet 

 with this plant elfewhere. It is almoll as much efteemed as 

 Gin-feng, as a warm ftrengthening medicine, promoting ex- 

 peftoration and the various fecretions, ufeful in intermittent 

 fevers, indigeftions, &c. The flein is fhrubby, procum- 

 bent, with many knotty branches, extending about two 

 feet. Root tapering. Leaves oppofite, unequal, fmall, 

 ovato-lanceolate, flightly ^renate, downy. Flowers fmall. 



Ximenia ; Hei/leria ; and Fljfilia a genus of Commerfon's, variegated with red and white, in nearly terminal cluftcrs. 



whofe identity with Olax we have Jready indicated in its AYA-PANA, a South American plant of the genus 



proper place. See Fissilia. Eupatorium, (fee that article,) of which an account is given 



Seft. 2. Fruit many-feeded, pulpy. Thefe are genuine ;„ jj^g Bulletin des Sciences, n. 67. 147, as pecuharly effi- 



j4urantia, having the leaves full of pellucid refinous dots. cacious againft the poifon of ferpents, on which account it is 



Chaleas, which is not only, as Juffieu fufpefted, the fame ^y^^\y cultivated in the ifland of Mauritius, and in Cayenne. 



genus, but the very fame fpecies with Murraya ; Bergera ; Tijg bruifed leaves are faid to cure the liing of a fcorpion, and 



" ''' '^ •■ - '^■' • "" ....""--. j[^g^ ^f ^ poifonous fifti, named la/l. An infufion of the 



herb has proved ufeful in dropfy, as well as in fyphilitic dif- 

 orders. This plant has been cultivated in the ftoves at 

 Paris, but we have heard nothing of it in England. 

 AYMOUTH. See Eymouth, dele. 

 AZOLLA, in Botany, an unexplained name. — Lamarck 

 Did. V. I. 343. lUullr. t. 863. Willd. Sp. PI. >i. 5. 541. 

 Purfh 672. JufT. 17, under Salvinia. Brown Prodr. Nov. 

 HoU. v. I. 166. Bot. of Terra Auftr. 79. — Clafs and 

 order, Cryptogamia Filices. Nat. Ord. Filiees, Linn. Juff. 

 Rhizofpermx ; Roth. De Cand. Marjdeacete, Brown. 



Gen. Ch. Male, in pairs, cnclofed in a fingle-leaved, 

 membranous, clofe involucrum, (occafionally fohtary under 

 the female,) ovate, of two cells, their outer covering burft- 



"Murraya ; Cookia of Sonnerat ; Citrus ; and Limonia. 



Seft. 3. Fruit many-feeded, capfular. Leaves not dotted. 

 Genera akin to Aurantia and to Meli^. 



Ternjlromia, of Mutis, with Tonabea of Jufiieu, which is 

 the very fame genus, are here prefixed to Thea and Camellia; 

 but furely they have little relationfhip to the true Jurantia, 

 either in their habit or fruaification. They form an order 

 by themfelves, and there is fo much conneaion between their 

 ftamens and the corolla, as might remove this order to Juf- 

 fieu's ninth clafs, where it would very naturally follow his 

 Guaiacance, if not abfolutely reducible to that very family, 

 at leaft to its fecond feaion. 



That Linnarus had formed no conception of any order 

 analog-ous to the genuine Jurantia, is evident, from his 



havme referred Citrus to a feaion of the Bieornes, and ^ - , 



- ■ «' , r. r- ■ j». :_gj^ though fo naturally and ing tranlverlely ; upper cell containing nine or fix angular 



having left Limonia undetermin* 



evidently akin to Citrus. He had even introduced Garcinia, 

 with a mark of doubt indeed, into the fame fedion of Bi- 

 cornes; but expunged it in manufcript, giving hs oppofite 

 leaves as a reafon. By that charader, and indeed every 

 other, Garcinia anfwers to Juffieu's Guttifer^, a natural 

 order v/hich, however ftriking and important, Kkewife 

 efcaped the fagacity of Linnteus. 



AURELIUS, in Geography, 1. i, for mihtary r. pod; 

 1. 25 for Onondago r. Cayuga; 1. 5, for 1796 r. 1810, 

 and for 123 r. 323. Add — The number of inhabitants, 

 who are principally employed in agriculture, is 4642, 

 and this capital of Cayuga county ranks the third in po- 

 pulation and \vealtii of the county, and has three poft- 



offices. 



AURORA, a townihip of Ohio, m the county of Por- 

 tage, containing 189 inhabitants. 

 9 



bodies, inferted around a tubular axis, which finally opens 

 at the fummit ; lower cell fpherical, clofed by a double 

 membrane, and filled with a fluid, which may perhaps 

 change to a powder. 



Female, axillary, on the fame plant, folitary (fometimes 

 accompanied underneath by a fohtary male). Involucrum 

 double, both clofed, membranous ; the outer hke that of the 

 male flowers ; inner ovate, without valves, containing nu- 

 merous capfules, without valves, attached by capillary ftalks 

 to a common receptacle, originating from the bafe of the invo- 

 lucrum. Seeds from fix to nine, angular, with exterior 

 radicles. 



Eff. Ch. Male, ovate, of two cells, feparating tranf- 

 verfely ; the upper containing fcveral angular, ftalked 

 bodies. 



Female on the fame plant, capfules numerous, ftalked, 



globofe. 



