BAT 



has omitted to reprefent the diviiion of the upper part of 

 the bed into columns. The ends of the columns may be 

 diftinftly feen before the bafalt reaches the river. 



BASALTIC Hor:7blexde. See Mineralogy, Ad- 

 denda. ■ 



BASMAN, in Geography, an ifland of the Perfian gulf, 

 fituated li| leagues N.N.W. from Shorga, in N. lat. 

 25° 54'. It is an unmhabited ifland, about five miles long, 

 and remarkable for a high round hill in its centre. 



BASSO R A, col. 1, 1. 15 from the bottom, after 1668, add 



fubjetl to various revolutions. L. 1 1 , after Pdrte, infert — 



The muffeleem, or governor, has ever fmce the year 1787, 

 when it was recovered from the Monte-fidge Arabs, by 

 Solyman Pacha, been fent from Bagdad, and is generally 

 an officer of high rank. Full liberty is allowed, &c. Col. 2, 



I. 12, after 50,000, add — or 60,000, confifting of perfons 

 of almoft every nation in the Eaft. L. 29, N. lat. 3 1= 30'. 

 E. long. 48° 39'. 



"SiKT-Horfes, in Artillery, are baggage-horfes belonging 

 to the officers when on aftual duty ; and bat-men were 

 originally fervants hired in time of war to take care of the 

 horfes belonging to. the train of artillery, baggage, &c., 

 and who, during their fervice, generally wear the king's 

 livery. Thofe who are excufed regimental duty, for the 

 fpeciiic purpofe of attending to the horfes belonging to 

 their officers, are called bat-men. Horfes and men of the 

 preceding defcription are fometimes called boiu-horfes and 

 boiv-men, 



BATARREA, in Botany, fo named by Pucfh, in ho- 

 nour of his learned predeceflbr in the ftudy of the Fungus 

 tribe, Antonio Battarra, profeflbr of philofophy in the 

 Lyceum at Rimini, author of Hijloria Fungorum Agri 

 Ariminenfts; publifhed at the neighbouring city of Faenza, 

 in 1759, in 4to., with 40 plates. A preceding edition is 

 indicated in the title-page, which Haller dates 1755. The 

 author was a difciple of Janus Plancus, or Giovanni Bianchi, 

 the conchologift, and died in 1789, according to Dryander 

 in Bibl. Bankf. He was, however, an original obferver, and 

 delineated the figures himfelf. — Perf. Syn. Fung. 129. — 

 Clafs ^nd order, Cryptogamia Fungi. Nat. Ord. Fungi. 



Eff. Ch. Stalk burfting from a wrapper, and elevating 

 the bell-fhaped, downy, powdery head, capped with a 

 portion thereof. 



I. B. phalloides. Tall Brown Batarrea. Perf. n. 1. t. 3. 

 f. I. (Lycoperdon phalloides ; Dickf. Crypt, fafc. i. 24. 

 Woqdward in Phil. Tranf. v. 74. 423. t. 16. Sm. Spicil. 



II. t. 12. Sowerb. Fung. t. 390.) — Found on fandy 

 bank^ about Norwich, by Mr. William Humphrey, and 

 about Bungay in Suffolk, by T. J. Woodward, efq. We 

 have reafon to think it may be met with in other parts of 

 England, as Mr. Hudfon, author of the Fl. Angl., told the 

 writer of the prefent article, he had feen this fingular pro- 

 duftion on heaths in Kent, but palled it by as a blafted 

 or abortive Agaricus procerus. We have not heard of this 

 very curious fungus in any other part of the world. The 

 voh'a, or wrapper, is about the (hape and iize of a hen's 

 egg, originally of tliree (lightly coriaceous layers, hollow 

 internally, where a (pongy Jlali is formed, which rifes very 

 fuddenly (in a few hours) to its full height of about 

 twelve inches. This Jla/i is hollow, foon becoming dry, 

 and externally filamentous, and carries up, on its iummit, 

 full half the innermoft layer of the volva, which is white 

 and fmooth within, covered externally with copious brown 

 powdery feeds, intermixed with fibres, as in a Lycoperdon. 

 A fmaller portion of the two outer layers, irregularly torn 

 away, forms a double cap to this powdery furface. 



BATAVIA, in Geography, a poft-townfhip of New 



B A T 



York, the capital of Genefee county, 256 miles froiii 

 Albany, on the great road to Buffalo ; about 5C5 miles 

 long from N. to S., and from 24 to 28 miles wid? ; 

 bounded N. by lake Ontario, E. by Mur\'ay and Caledonia, 

 S. by Warfaw, Attica, and Sheldon, and W. by Niagara 

 sounty. The whole population of this town, in 181c, waj 

 3645, with 104 fenatorial eleftors, and 464,216 dollars of 

 taxable property. 



BATH. Add— The city of Bath, by the return of 

 1811, contained 3933 inhabited houfes, and 31,496 perfons ; 

 ■viz. 12,373 males, and 19,133 females. 



Bath, a county of Virginia, &c. add — The total num- 

 ber of inhabitants, in 1810, was 4837, including 882 flaves. 



Bath, a townfhip, &c. 1. 2, for 949 r. 2491. 



Bath, in Grafton county, &c. 1. 2, foi- 493 r. 13 16. 



Bath, a poft-townihip, the capital of Steuben county, 

 245 miles W. of Albany. The whole population, in 18 10, 

 was 1036, with 97 eleftors. 



Bath, a townfhip of the diftrift of Ohio, in the county 

 of Greene, having 913 inhabitants. 



BATSCHIA, in Botany, was fo named by profeffor 

 Gmelin, the compiler of the 13th edition of the whole 

 Syjlema Nafura of Linnasus, in honour of profeffor. Batfcli 

 of Jena, known particularly by his Elenchus Fungorum, pub- 

 hfhed at Halle in 1783 and 1784, in 4to., with coloured 

 plates, and his Analyfes ■ Florum, a work of a fimilar defcrip- 

 tion, which appeared in 1790. Gmelin however adopted 

 this genus, like many others, entirely from the Flora Caro- 

 liniana of Mr. Thomas Walter, who had modeftly left fuch 

 genera without names, becaufe, though he fuppofed them 

 to be new, he had not the advantage of books, or other 

 helps, to confiiTn his opinion. In the prefent inftance 

 we apprehend his Anonytnos, n. 78. Fl. Carol. 91, cannot 

 be fupported, but we fhall give its character and fynonyms. 

 — Gmel. Linn. Syft. Nat. v. 2. 315. Michaux Boreal. - 

 Amer. v. i. 129. Purfh 132. — Clafs and order, Pentan- 

 dria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. AfperifoHit, Linn. Borra- 

 ginea, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth in five deep, linear, acute, 

 ereft fegments. Cor. of one petal, falver-fhaped ; tube 

 flraight, longer than the calyx, furrounded at the bafe, 

 internally, with a ring of hairs ; throat pervious ; limb orbi- 

 cular, in five deep rounded fegments. Stam. Filaments 

 five, very fhort, inferted into the tube ; anthers erefl, ovate, 

 concealed within the tube. Fiji. Germen fuperior, round- 

 ifh, with four prominences ; flyle capillary, the length of 

 the ftamens ; ftigma minute, flightly cloven. Peric. none. 

 Seeds four, ovate, hard, polifhed. 



E(r. Ch. Corolla falver-fhaped ; throat naked ; tube 

 with a hairy internal ring at the bafe ; fegments of the 

 limb rounded. Calyx in five deep fegments. 



Obf. It appears to us that this genus cannot be kept 

 feparate from Litho.spermum. (See that article.) The 

 only mark of dillinftion is the hairy ring in the bottom of 

 the tube, which furely is not fufficient. The form of the 

 corolla is as much funnel-Ihaped as in that genus, and the 

 feeds are acknowledged to be precifely the fame. Michaux 

 afks, (perhaps on account of the yeWow Jloiuers,) "whether 

 L. orientale of Linnsus be not a Batfchia ?" We find no 

 traces there of the hairy ring, nor was any fuch charaifler 

 detefted by Mr. Bauer, when he made the drawing for 

 Dr. Sibthorp's Fl. Graeca, t. 160. This circumftance does 

 away the prefumption of a generic difference here indicated 

 by colour. The following are the only reputed fpecies of 

 Batfchia. 



I. B. Gmelini. Hairy Puccoon. Michaux n. i. Purfh 

 n. 1. ( Anonymos carolinenfis ; Walt. Carol. 91.) — Hairy. 



Floral 



