B O T 



EOT 



fet-um hirfutum ; Rumph. Amboin. v. 2. 157. t. jr, accord- 

 ing- to Dr. Roxburgh ; but the leaflets are reprefented 

 entire.)— Leaflets downy, deeply ferrated. — On the Balla- 

 gaut mountains. Thejlamens of this are inferted on the 

 exterior margin of the neSary. Roxburgh. 



BOTETOURT. Add— By the cenfus of 1810, it 

 contained 13,301 inhabitants, of which 2275 are flaves. 



BOTRYCHIUM, in Botany, n name derived from 

 Bol^u;, a bunch of grapes, which the fruilification of this genus 

 imitates in miniature. — Swartz Syn. Fil. 171. Willd. Sp. 

 PI. V. 5. 61. Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 164. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. V. 5. 496. Sm. Compend. 155. Purdi 655. 

 (Botrypus; Mich. Bor.-Amer. v. 2. 274. Ofmunda ; 

 Lamarck lUuftr. t. 865. f. I.) — Clafs and order, Crypto- 

 gamia Filices. Nat. Ord. Filices, Linn. JufT. 



EfT. Ch. Cap fules nearly globofe, naked, fmooth, without 

 a ring, united to the fl:alk of a compound fpike, diftinct, each 

 of one cell, and two valves connefted behind, burfting tranf- 

 verfely in front. 



We have already alluded to this genus under Osmunda, 

 from which it was firft feparatedby profeflbr Swartz. Ten 

 fpecies are defcribed in Willdenow, to which we have two 

 to add. 



1. B. Lunaria. Common Moonwort. Sw. n. I. Willd. 

 n. I. Fl. Brit. n. i. (Ofmunda Lunaria ; Linn. Sp. PI. 

 1519. Sm. Fl. Brit. 1 107. Engl, Bot. t. 318. Bolt. 

 Fil. 4. t. 4. Fl. Dan. t. 18. f. I. Lunaria minor ; Ger. 

 Em. 405. Matth. Valgr. 254. Camer. Epit. 643.) 



B. Lunaria minor ramofa ; Camer. Epit. 644. 



Frond fimply pinnate ; leaflets crefcent-fhaped. — Native 

 of dry hillocks, or open heaths, throughout the cooler parts 

 of Europe, bearing capfules in June. Root perennial, with 

 many ftout fimple fibres. Frond folitary, from a torn mem- 

 branous fheath, eredl, three to fix inches high, fmooth, pale 

 green, confifting of a fimply pinnate leaf, two inches long, 

 with fix or feven paii- of obhquely imbricated, fan-(haped, 

 entire or notched, leaflets. From the bafe of the /<?a/'fpnngs 

 a ftout flalk, about the fame length, bearing a twice or 

 thrice compound, unilateral, fmooth fpike of capfules, each 

 about half the fize of a muftard-feed ; all firrnly united, 

 in two felfile rows, with the linear flat rib, or common 

 receptacle- 



2. B. rulaceum. Rue-leaved Moonwort. Sw. n.2. Willd. 

 n. 2. (O. Lunaria; Fl. Dan. t. 18. f. 3. Fl. Brit. y. 

 Lunaria racemofa minor, matricarias folio ; Breyn. Cent. 184. 

 t. 94. Morif. fe£l. 14. t. 5. f. 3.) — Frond 'doubly pinna- 

 tifid ; fegments obtufe, notched at the extremity. Fruitfl;alk 

 from the bafe of the leaf. — Native of dry open fituations, in 

 feveral parts of Europe. We are not fure of having feen a 

 Britifli fpecimen ; nor is it impoffible that a jagged variety 

 of B. Lunaria, fuch as is reprefented in Breyn. Cent. t. 93, 

 and in Morifon as above, f. 2, may have been confounded 

 herewith. B. rutaceum is certainly near akin to the Lu- 

 naria, differing only in the compound divifion of its leaf, and 

 fometimes of its^ji;. 



3. B. matricarianum. Feverfew-leaved Moonwort. (B. 

 matricarioides ; Willd. n. 3. Lunaria racemofa, multifido 

 folio ; Bauh. Pin. 355. Breyn. Cent. t. 95. Fl. Dan. t. 18. 

 f. 2, media. Morif. fedl. 14. t. 5. f. 26.) — Frond doubly 

 pinnate, pinnatifid ; fegments oblong, obtufe, toothed. 



Fruitflalk from the bafe of the footftalk Native of (hady 



fituations in Prufiia, Denmark, and Bavaria. Willdenow. 

 Extremely! abundant about Peter/burgh, according to the 

 Linnsean herbarium, where are three fpecimens from thence. 

 The more compound leaf, not always folitary, and efpe- 

 cially the infertion of the fruttjlalk near the root, not at the 

 top of the leafstalk, furely mark this as a diftin<fl fpecies ; 



which is confirmed by the plant not being of occafional oc- 

 currence, amongft the Lunaria, as might be expefted of any 

 variety, but plentiful in the countries where it grows at all. 

 We have not heard of this fpecies in Britain. The fpecific 

 name in Willdenow is a barbarous compound of Greek 

 and Latin, fuch as we wifli botanifts, not altogether illiterate, 

 would avoid. 



4. B. fumarianum. Fumitory-leaved Moonwort. (B. 

 fumarioides ; Willd. n. 4. Ait. n. I. Purfli n. I. B. 

 lunarioides ; Sw. n. 5. " Schkuhr Crypt. 158. t. 157." Bo- 

 trypus lunarioides ; Mich. Boreal. -Amer. v. 2. 274. Of- 

 munda biternata ; Lamarck Diet. v. 4. 650.) — Frond 

 ternate ; doubly pinnate ; leaflets crefcer.t-fliaped, crenatc. 

 Fruitftalk radical. — In paftures and open woods, from 

 New York to Carolina, bearing capfules in June. Purjh. 

 Like the lafi:, efpecially in the infertion of As fruitflalk, at 

 or near the root, but the leaflets exaftly refemble thofe of 

 B. Lunaria, which, with profeflor Willdenow's leave, are 

 by no means uniformly entire. 



5. B.obliquum. Oblique-leaved Moonwort. Willd. n. j. 

 Muhlenb. Cat. 98. — Frond nearly twice ternate ; leaflets 

 oblong-lanceolate, finely ferrated, unequally heart -ihaped at 

 the bafe. Fruitftalk towards the bafe of the footftalk. — 

 In open woods of Pennfylvania and Virginia, in June and 

 July. Refembles the preceding very much, and is probabK 

 only a variety. Purfh. This author defcribes the fpikes as 

 doubly pinnate ; thofe of the laft only pinnate. 



6. B. auflrale. Southern Moonwort. Brown n. i. — 

 Frond ternate ; doubly pinnate ; leaflets confluent, cut. 

 Fruitftalk from the bafe of the footftalk. — Sent by Di, 

 White, from Port Jackfon, New South Wales ; where, 

 as well as in Van Diemen's ifland, it was gathered by Mr. 

 Brown. Leaflets bluntly toothed. Fruitflalk pale, a fpaii 

 high, being thrice as tall as the leaf, into whofe darker- 

 coloured ybo//?a/i it is inferted, a little above the root. The 



fpike is twice or thrice compound, fpreading ; the ftalks pale. 

 Capfules dark brown. 



7. B, ternatum. Ternate Japan Moonwort. Sw. n. 6. 

 Willd. n, 6. ( Oftnunda ternata ; Thunb. Jap. 329. t. 32.) 

 — Fronds in pairs, triply pinnate ; leaflets notched and fer- 

 rated. Fruitftalk from the middle of the common foot- 

 ftalk. Spike pinnate. — Gathered by Thunberg once only, 

 near Nagafaki in Japan, in November. A foot high, with 

 two large, oppofite, fpreading, ternate, then twice pinnate, 

 leaves, half the height of the fruitflalk. 



8. B. dijfectum. Cut-leaved Moonwort. Willd. \i. 7. 

 Muhlenb. Cat. 98. Ait. n. 3. Purfti n. 3. Sprcngel 

 Crypt, engl. ed. 1S7. " Schkuhr Crypt. 159. t. 158." 

 (Lunaria botryites ramofa, geranii mofchati foliis, flori- 

 dana; Pluk. Amalth. 134. t. 427. f. 5.)— Frond ternate, 

 thrice pinnate ; leaflets decurrent, linear-wedgeftaped, 

 ftiarply toothed at the end. Fruitftalk at the bafe of the 

 leaf. — In paftures of open dry woods, from New York to 

 Florida, in June. Purfh. We have Pennfylvania fpeci- 

 mens from the late Dr. Muhlenberg, very much hke Pluke- 

 net's figure, but we can dlfcover no eflential difference be 

 tween this plant and the following. 



9. B. •virginianum. Virginian Moonwort. Sw. n. 3. 

 Willd. n. 8. Ait. n.4. Purfh n. 4. " Schkuhr Crypt. 

 157. t. 156." (Ofmunda virginiana ; Linn. Sp. PI. 1519, 

 excluding Plumier's fynonym. Lunaria americana, foliis 

 cicutariae modo elegant^r divifis ; Morif. fed!. 14. t. 4. 

 f. 5. L> multifido folio craffo, &c. ; Pluk. Mant. 120. 

 t. 427. f. 8.) — Frond fomewhat ternate, twice pinnate ; 

 leaflets decurrent, obovate-v/edgefhaped, fharply toothed. 

 Fruitftalk at the bafe of th« leaf. — In fhady woods, on a 

 rich vegetable foil, from Canada tio Carolina, in June and 



July, 



