C A L 



kinds oi Arum, and therefore retained by Ventenat for 



this g«nus, which is extrafted from that Venten. Jard. 



de dels, 30. Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. I. 336. Willd. 



Sp. PI. V. 4. 487. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 310 Clafs and 



order, Monnecia Polyandria. Nat. Ord. Piperita, Linn. 

 Aroidee, Juff. Br. 



Eff. Ch. Sheath of one leaf; convolute at the bafe. 

 Spadix covered at the fummit with peltate many-celled 

 anthers ; glandular in the middle ; covered with germens at 

 the bafe. Stigma umbihcated. Berries of one cell, with 

 many feeds. 



This genus, differing from Anrni chiefly in the Jpadix 

 being covered in all its upper part with Jlamens, except, in 

 fome inftances, a fmall naked point, is divided like that, (fee 

 Arum,) into three feftions, fimilarly diftinguiftied. Will- 

 denow has fifteen fpecies in all. 



Sect. I. Stem none. Leaves compound. One fpecies. 



I.e. helleborifoHum. Hellebore-leaved Caladium. Willd. 

 p. I. Ait. n. I. (Arum helleborifohum ; Jacq. Coll. 

 V. 3. 217. Ic. Rar. t. 613.) — Leaves radical, pedate, entire. 

 — Native of woods in Martinico and the Caraccas. The 

 jlotvers are greenifh-white, on radical ftalks. Leaves a foot 

 in breadth, of eleven elliptic, acute leajlels. 



Se£l. 2. Stem none. Leaves fimpU. Six fpecies, to 

 which we add one. 



2. C. pinnatijidum. Pinnatifid Caladium. Willd. n. 2. 

 (Arum pinnatifidum ; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 2. 31. 

 t. 187. ) — Stem none. Leaves pinnatifid. — Native of woods 

 at the Caraccas, where this large fpecies grows on rocks and 

 trees. The leaves are two feet long, and nearly as broad, 

 deeply pinnatifid, with great red ribs. Flowers almoft 

 feflUe ; blood-red in their lower half; white, like the Jpadix, 

 above. The reft are, 



3. C. ovatum. Ovate Caladium. (Arum ovatiun ; fee 

 our n. 22. Linn. Sp. PI. I37l> Karin pola ; Rheede H. 

 Mai. V. II. 45. t. 23.) 



4. C. hicolor. Two-coloured Caladium. Vent. Cels, 

 t. 30. Ait. n. 2. (A. bicolor ; n. 10. Curt. Mag. t. 820. 

 Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 2. 30. t. 186.) — This was long 

 miftaken ior Arum pi9um, Linn. Suppl. 410. 



5. C. nymph aifolium. Water-Hly -leaved Caladium. Willd. 

 n. 5. Ait. n. 3. (Weh-ila; Rheede H. Mai. v. 11. 43. 

 t. 22.) — Stem none. Leaves peltate, ovate-arrov/fhaped. 

 Sheath cylindrical, with a lanceolate point, fliorter than the 

 fpadix Native of the Eaft Indies. 



6. C. efcuhntum. Eatable Caladium, or Indian Kale. 

 Ait. n. 4. ( Arum efculentum ; n. 11 . A. minus, nym- 

 phse^ fohis, efculentum ; Sloane Jam. v. i. 167. t. 106. f. I.) 



7. C. acre. Acrid Caladium. Br. n. i. — Stem none. 

 Leaves peltate, heart-lhaped. Spadix obtufe, with a very 

 ftiort, occafional, naked point. Sheath lanceolate, twice as 

 long as the fpadix. — Gathered in the tropical part of New 

 Holland by Mr. Brown, who remarks that it fcarcely differs, 

 except in having anthers to the fummit of the fpadix, from 

 the laft, which has a manifeft acute naked point, and he does 

 not fee how the latter is diftinguiftied from Arum Colocafia. 



8. C. fagittifolium. Arrow-leaved Caladiiun. Willd. 

 n. 7. Ait. n. 5. (Arum fagittifolium; n. 16. Jacq. 

 Hort. Vind. v. 2. 73. t. 157.) 



SeiEt. 3. IVith leafy Jlems. Eight fpecies. 



9. C. fcandens. CHmbing Caladium. Willd. n. 8. 

 (" Culcafia fcandens; Beauv. Fl. Ov. et Ben. 4. t. 3.") 

 — CHmbing. Leaves ovate-oblong, pointed. Spadix longer 



than the hooded fpatha Native of Benin, on the coaft of 



Africa. 



10. Cfeguinum. Dumb-Cane Caladium. Willd. n. 9. 

 Au.B.6. (Arum fegtiinam ; n. 26. Linn. Sp. PI. 137 1.) 



C A L 



n. 15. 

 1371- 



11. C. xanthorrhizon. Yellow-rooted Caladium. Willd. 

 n. 10. (Arum xanthorrhizon ; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. 

 V.2. 32. t. 188.)— Stem ereft. Leaves heart-arrowthaped! 

 Sheath hooded, contradled in the middle, longer than the 

 fpadix. 



12. C. grandifolviim. Great-leaved Caladium. Willd. 

 n. II. Ait. n. 7. (Arum grandifohum ; Jacq. Hort. 

 Schoenbr. v. 2. 32. t. 189.) — Stem taking root. Leaves 

 heart -arrowftiaped. Spatha with an ovate hood, not longer 

 than the fpadix. — On rocks and trees at the Caraccas. 



l^.C.arborefcens. Tree Caladium. Willd. n. 12. Ait. 

 n. 8. (Arum arborefcens ; n. 25. Linn. Sp. PI. 1371.) 



14. C. lacerum. Jagged Caladium. Willd. n. 13. 



" Stem taking root. Leaves heart-ftiaped, finuated." — 

 Parafitical on trees at the Caraccas. Sent by Jacquin, under 

 the above name, to Willdenow. 



15. C. tripartitum. Three -leaved Caladium. Willd. 

 n. 14. (Arum tripartitum; Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 2. 

 33. t. 190.) — Stem taking root. Leaves temate. Foot- 

 ftalks naked. Spadix the length of the ovate-hooded (heatk. 

 — From the Caraccas. 



16. C. auritum. Ear -leaved Caladium. Willd. 

 Ait. n. 9. (A. auritum; n. 29. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 2. 33. t. 191. 



CALAIS, 1. 3, for 43 r. 41, a town of Wafhington 

 county, in the diftrift of Maine, which by the cenfus of 

 1 8 10 contained 372 inhabitants. — Alfo, a town of Caledonia 

 county, in Vermont, containing 841 inhabitants. 



CALCIUM, in Chemiflry, the metallic bafis of lime. 

 See Lime. 



CALDARA DA CARAVAGGIO, Polidoro, in 

 Biography, an eminent painter, was born in the Milanefe, and 

 from the humble ftation of a labourer became an ailiftant of 

 Raphael in the works of the Vatican, and at length acquired 

 unrivalled celebrity in his imitation of the antique baffo- 

 relievos, which he executed in chiaroofcuro. His ftyle was 

 in fo pecuHar a fenfe his own, that, having formed it, it alfo 

 periftied with him. His defign was without manner, com- 

 paft, and correft. He had the art of tranfporting himfelf, 

 fays his biographer, into the times of which he reprefented, 

 the tranfaftions, the coftume and rites, fo that nothing 

 modem is difcemed in his works. Numerous as his per- 

 formances once were at Rome, fcarcely a fragment remains, 

 if we except the fable of Niobe, left in ruins by time and 

 the rage of barbarians. For thefe loffes we are compenfated 

 merely by the prints of Cherubino Alberti, and Henry 

 Golzius, who engraved his gods, the Niobe, and the Brennus ; 

 and aKo by the etchings of Santes Bartoh and Galleftruzzi. 

 On occafion of the pillage of Rome by Bourbon in 1527, 

 Polidoro fled to Naples, where he was patronized by Andrea 

 da Salerno, and gained fuch reputation that he began to 

 form a fchool ; but declining the profecution of this under- 

 taking, he removed to Sicily. Having exchanged chiaro- 

 ofcuro for colour, he painted at Meflina a numerous com- 

 pofition of Chrift led to Calvary, which has been highly 

 extolled by Vafari ; and not long after the completion of 

 this work, he was ftrangled in bed by a fervant, who wiflicd 

 to get poffeffion of his property. His manner, as a colourift, 

 is faid to have been dim and pallid. He died in 1543, at the 

 age of 5 1 years. Pilkington's Dift. of Painters by Fufeh. 



CALDWELL, in Geography, a town of Effex county, 

 in New Jerfey, containing 2235 inhabitarts, of whom 54 are 

 flaves. — Alfo, a county of Kentucky, with 4268 inhabitant*, 

 including 579 fl&Tes. 



CALECTASIA, in Betai^, from «ao;, btauliful, and 



i^CiMnu an extenfwn, or dilatation, alluding to the elegant ftar- 



like expanfion'of the corolla.— Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. 



3 F 2 V. i. 



