C A 11 



parts towards one lide, for avoiding a fear. The fubfequent 

 dreffinffs may be turpentine, honey, and tnidnre ot myrrh. 



CAPEMAY, in Geography, a connty of New Jerley, con- 

 taining 3632 inhabitants, of whom 81 are (laves. 



CAR 



hydrogen, according to Dr. Thomfon, is ^5555, and lou 

 cubic inches of it weigh 16.99 grains. It requires for its 

 complete combuftion twice its volume of oxygen gas, and 

 produces exaftly its own volume of carbonic acid ; the only 



75 

 25 



CARAGE of Lime, denotes the quantity of fixty-four remaining produd is water. Hence 100 parts, by weight, 

 , V , ■' of this gas are compofed of 



bulhels. „ „■ c \ T^ V 



CARALLIA, in Botany, CaraUte of the Telmgas, or Carbon 



natives of Hindooilan ; being one of thofe barbarous names Hydrogen 



which fome modern botaniils have ventured to tolerate, but 



which no claffical one can approve.— Roxb. Coromand. ^^^ 

 V. 3. 8.— Clafs and order, Icofandna Monogyma, Nat. Urd. 



^^Eff'ch' Cdyxinfix'orfevenfegments,fuperior. Petals which correfpond with one atom of carbon and two of 



fix orVeve. 'stigma three-lobed. Berry of one cell, with a hydrogen. ^^^ _^^^^ 

 folitary leed. -•' — - "■ 



I. C. lucida. 



Shining Carallia. Roxb. as above, t. 2 1 1 . 



Native of the lower region of the Circar mountains. A 



fmall, handfome, evergreen tree, flowering in March and 

 April. Leaves on fhort italks, oppofite, elliptical, acute, 

 finely ferrated, fmooth, four or five inches long, and two 

 or two and a half broad. Flowers fmall, yellow, in little, 

 aggregate, axillary, ftalked heads. Berry the fize of a pea, 

 reddifh. Seed large, with a ftrongly curved embryo. No- 

 thing is recorded of the qualities or ufes of this plant. It 

 is evidently next akin to Eugenia ; fee that article. 



CARAWAY, r. Carum, &c. ; at the end of the next 



article r. Carum. . . , . , 



CARBON, in Chemtftry. The progrefs of chemical 



ecific gravity of this gas, according 

 to Dr. Thomfon's experiments, is .974, and 100 cubic inches 

 of it weigh 29.72 grs. It requires for its complete corn- 

 bullion three times its volume of oxygen gas, and produces, 

 when burnt, twice its volume of carbonic acid gas, and a cer- 

 tain proportion of water. Hence 100 parts, by weight, of 

 this gas are compofed of 



Carbon ... 85.71 



Hydrogen ... 14.29 



100.00 



knowledge enables us to ilatc, with greater accuracy and hydrogen 

 precifion, the nature of fome of the compounds of carbon, 

 than at the period when this article in the Cyclopedia was 



which correfpond with one atom of carbon and one of 



written. ^ t n- 



Carbonlc Oxyd. — It has been (Irewn by Gay Lufiac, that 

 100 meafures of tliis gas require for complete combuftion 

 ro meafures of oxygen, and that the product is 100 meafures 

 of carbonic acid ; hence it muft be compofed of one atom 

 of carbon and one atom of oxygen, or 100 parts by weight 

 will confift of 



The curious oil-hke compound formed by the union of 

 this gas with chlorine, has been lately examined by MM. 

 Robiquet and Colin. They found that it is compofed of 

 one volume of chlorine united with one volume of olefiant 

 gas, and of courfe that its contlituer.ts, by weight, are 



defiant gas 

 Chlorine 



16.28 



83.72 



Oxygen 

 Carbon 



57-H 

 42.86 



This oily liquid, which Dr. Thomfon confiders as a fort 



, of ether, and hence names it ebloric ether, burns with a ereen 



100.00 a J , ,- • ■ ■ r ° ,r- 

 name, and at the iamc time gives out copious fumes or 



muriatic acid and much foot. Its fpecific gravity at 45° is 



And its true fpecific gravity muft be .9722, and 100 cubic 1.2201, water being i.ooo. It boils at 152°. At the 



inches of it mult weigh, at a mean temperatare and pi-effure, temperature of 49", its vapour is capable of fupportiiig a 



2Q.6c2 grains. Carbonic oxyd has the property of com- 

 bining with chlorine, and forming a peculiar compound, 

 which its difcoverer, Dr. Davy, has named Phosgene gas ; 

 which fee. ■ 



Carbonic Acid. — When pure charcoal is burnt in oxiygen 

 gas, it has been ftiewn thai the original bulk of the oxy- 

 gen fuffers no change. Hence it is obvious, that, by fub 



column of mercury 24.66 inches in height. The fpecific 

 gravity of this vapour was found by experiment to be 

 3.4434, which very nearly coincides with the above account 

 of its compofition. When pafled through a red-hot porcelain 

 tube it is decompofed and converted into muriatic acid, 

 and an inflammable gas containing liydrogen and carbon, 

 while a copious depofit of charcoal is found in the tube. 



in it. The fpecific gravity of oxygen gas is i.ii, and that 

 of carbonic acid 1.52. Hence 100 parts, by weight, of 

 carbonic acid will confift of 



trafting the fpecific gravity of oxygen from that of car- It is alfo decompofed when paffed through red-hot oxyd of 

 bonic acid gas, we (hall obtain the quantity of carbon exifting copper. 



■■ — ■ r • , , With refpeft \.o ihs carbonates, xhe numbers reprefenting 



them will of courfe require a little adjuftment ; this can be 

 eafily done from the compolition of carbonic acid ftated above, 

 and from the data given under Atomic Theory. 



CARBONIC Acid Gas, col. 2, 1. 5, add— According 

 to the accurate experiments of Me(rrs. Allen and Pepys, 

 recorded in the Phil. Tranf. the weight of a cubic inch of 



this gas is .464 of a grain. Col. 3, 1. 46, r. milkinefs. 



CARDAMOM, 1. 2, infert after Cardamom, angufiijo- 

 which correfpond with two atoms of oxygen and one of tium, grana Paradifa, &c. 



tarbon. See Atomic ZZiirorji. CARDIFF, col. 2, 1. 9, inferi; after fij/.v;/ — The town- 



CarburiilidUydrogen.— The fpecific gravity of carburetted hall of Cardiff is a refpeftablt modern building, and near it 



Oxygen 

 Carben 



72-73 

 ■27.27 



100.00 



