CAR 



is the county gaol, built upon Mr. Howard's plan ; 1. 14— 

 By tlie parliamentary return in 181 1, the number of inha- 

 bitants is dated at 2457. The only manufactory eftablifhed 

 here is that of iron hoops : the trade, however, is very 

 confiderable, in confequence of the numerous collieries up 

 the vale, and the iron and tin works of Merthyr, MeHn 

 Gruff) dd, &c. the produce of which is conveyed here by 

 the canal for exportation, and which creates a large import 

 trade from Briftol, &c., in fhop goods to fupply the con- 

 fumption of the interior country. There are regular paflage- 

 boats twice a week from this place to Briftol. 



Cardiff is a borough-town, and in conjunftion with the 

 contributary boroughs of Cowbridge, Llantriflant, Keafig, 

 Aberavon, Neath, Swanfea, and Loughor, fends one mem- 

 ber to parliament. 



CAREX, col, 4, 1. 1 1, r. banata. 



CAREYA, in Botany, named by Dr. Roxburgh, " after 

 its difcoverer Mr. William Carey, a good botanift, and a pro- 

 moter of natural hiftor;^ in general." — Roxb. Coromand. 



V. 3. 13. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 4. 23^) Clafs and order, 



Mtnadelphia Polyandria. Nat. Ord. Hejperidee, Linn. 

 Myrti, Juff. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx fuperior, four-cleft. Petals four. Style 

 one. Germen of four cells. Berry with numerous feeds, 

 imbedded in pulp. 



i. C. herbacea. Herbaceous Careya. Roxb. as above, 

 t. 217. Ait. n. I. — Herbaceous. Flowers ft alked. Outer 



filaments longeft and without anthers Native of Rungpore, 



in Bengal, flowering in February. Root woody, perennial. 

 Stems a fpan high, annual, round, fmooth. Leaves oppofite, 

 obovate, crenate, fmooth, from four to eight inches long, 

 on fhort ftalks. Flowers terminal, corymbofe, few, large 

 and very beautiful, the calyx and petals greenifh, tinged with 

 ,-ed ; the outer row of their innumerable Jlamens crimfon, 

 capillary, two inches long, recurved, without anthers, about 

 twice the length of the obovate petals. Berry brown, the 

 fize and texture of a medlar. 



2. C. arborea. Tree Careya. Roxb. as above, 14. 

 (Pelou; Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 3. 35. t. 36.) — Arbo- 

 reous. Flowers fefGle. Inner filaments (horteft, and without 

 anthers. — Native of the valleys, in various mountainous parts 

 of India. A large tree, with obovate, (lightly ferrated, fmooth, 

 deciduous leaves, from fix to twelve inches long. Flowers 

 crowded, pale yellow, appearing with the young leaves in 

 March. Fruit the fize of a fmall orange, fetid and naufeous 

 till quite ripe, when the pulp becomes fweetifti, but Rheede 

 reports it to be poifonous, which, confidering its affinity to 

 PJidium, is not credible. Dr. Roxburgh gives no account 

 of this matter, but defcribes the wood as the colour of ma- 

 hogany, though lefs hard and clofe. The fibrous bark 

 makes tough and durable ropes. 



CARGA, a meafure for wne and oil at Barcelona, 

 equal to 2 J; quarteras. 



CARGADOR, in Portugal and Holland, denotes a 

 fhip-broker. 



CARGILIA, in Botany, is dedicated to the memory of 

 Dr. James Cargill of Aberdeen, a contemporary of Cafpar 

 Bauhin, in whofe Prodrqmus, p. 154, 155, (Mr. Brown by 

 miftake refers to \i\iTheatrum,) feveral defcriptions oi Fuel, 

 communicated by Dr. Cargill in 1603, may be feen. — Brown 

 Prodr. Nov. HoU. v. i. 526 — Clafs and order, Polygam'ta 

 Dioecia? rather Oaandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Ebenacea, 

 JufT. Br. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx inferior, half-fourcleft. Limb of the 

 corolla four-cleft. Stamens inferted into the bafe of the 

 corolla; filaments doubled. Germen of four cells, vnih. 

 two feeds in each. Berry globofe, clofely inverted with 



CAR 



the cup-fhaped calyx.— Some flowers have fewer, and im- 

 pertett, Itamens ; others only the rudiment of a pifti]. 



This genus is intermediate between Diospyros and Maba 

 See thofe articles. 



1 . C. loKa — Leaves oblong, rather wavy, fmooth. Calyx 

 ot the male flowers four-toothed, half as long as the tube of 

 the corolla. Style in three or four deep fegments. Young 

 branches lax — Found by Mr. Brown in the tropical nart of 

 New Holland. 



2. C. aujlralis — Leaves oblong, fmooth, obtufe, paler 

 beneath ; acute at the bafe Calyx of the male flowers four- 

 cleft, as long as the tube of the corolla. Style undivided. 

 Found by Mr. Brown, in New South Wales. 



CARL d'Or, a gold coin of Brunfwick, of which there 

 are double, fmgle, and half carl d'ors ; that fince 1802 con- 

 taimng92 gr. of pure gold, and equal iGs. ^^d. fterling. 

 The double in proportion. See Coiv. 

 CARLIN. Add-SeeTARo. 



CARLISLE, col. 5, 1.27, add — By the return of 181 1, 

 the city of Carhlle contained 1658 houfes, and 12,531 per- 

 fons ; TOz. 5628 males, and 6903 females : 134 families em- 

 ployed in agriculture, and 2301 in trade, manufaftures, and 

 handicraft. 



Carlisle, the chief town of Cumberland county. Sec. ; 



1. 6. By the cenfus of 18 10, Carhfle borough contains 



2491 inhabitants, including 78 flaves Alfo, a town of 



Middlefex county, in MafTachufetts, having 672 inha- 

 bitants. 



CARMELITES. Add-fee Manchefter Memoirs, 

 vol. v. 



CARN, or Cairn'. See Carkedde. 

 CARNESVILLE. Add-fee Franklin. 

 CAROLIN d'Ob, or Carolin, a gold coin of Bavaria, 

 HefFe Darmftadt, and Wurtemberg, valued at 1 1 florins. 

 See Coin. 

 CAROLINA, N. and S. See United States. 

 CAROLINE, 1.4,r. 17,544; I. 5, r. 10,764; 1.8, r. 

 9453 ; 1. 10, r. 1520. 



CARORA, 1. 2, infert — 15 leagues E. of Maracaybo 

 lake, in N. lat. 10°. The town is tolerably well buUt ; the 

 ftreets are large and on a line ; the air is falubrious, though 

 the foil is parched ; the inhabitants, amounting to about 

 6200, live on the produce of their flocks and herds, and em- 

 ploy themfelves in tanning and dreffing the hides and fldns, 

 which are ufed in the city for boots, iTioes, faddles, bridles, 

 and curriery. The furplus of the local confumption is fpread 

 over the province, or is conveyed to Maracaybo, Cartha- 

 gena, and the ifland of Cuba. They alfo make, with a 

 kind of fibre [aloe dijlieia,) very good hammocks, which fsr- 

 nifli an article of commerce. Depons. 

 CARPATHIAN Mountains, 1. 22, r. Zemnitz. 

 CARPHA, in Botany, fo named by fir Jofeph Banks 

 and Dr. Solander, from xapjr, dryjlraw or chaff, in allufion 

 to the habit of this genus. — Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 

 230. — Clafs and order, Trlandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. 

 Calamaria, Linn. Cyperacea, Juff. Br. 



Eff. Ch. Spikelet fingle-flowered ; fcales imperfectly 

 two-ranked, the lower ones empty. Briftles three to fix, 

 beneath the germen, as long as the fertile fcal?. Style awl- 

 fliaped, without a joint, crowning the prifinatic nut. Stigmas 

 two or three. 



SeA. 1 . Spiielets tvio-ranied. Stigmas three. Nut trian- 

 gular. Bri/lles feathery. 



l.C.alpina. — Spikelets in a corymbofe clufter. Briftles 

 fix, feathered nearly to the top. Stem leafy, Ijnooth. 

 Leaves rough.— Native of Van Diemen's ifland. 



2. C. <ieujla, Tuft terminal. Involucrum of two elon- 



3 G 2 gated 



