Br. 



-Lip 



Port 



GOT 



lublended by an almoft orbicular, heart-fliaped, pointed 



haf. 



2. C mguiciilaia. Stalked Helmet -orchis. Br. n. 2. — 

 Lip without a fpiir, tubular, dilated and oblique. Hood 

 llalked. Flower pendulous. — Found by Mr. Bauer, at 

 Port Jackfon. 



3. C. bicakarata. Double-fpurred Helmet-orchis, 

 n. 3. (Corvbas aconitiflorus ; Salif. Parad. t. 83.)- 

 tubular, with two fpurs at the bafe — Found near 

 Jackfon, but, according to Mr. Brown, very rarely, nor 

 does he feeni to think it has ever been brought alive to 

 EngL-iud. We received a fpecimen in fpirits, from Dr. 

 White, about the year 1793. Mr. Brown's remarks on 

 this fubjeft are curious. 



COSMEA, a name certainly much improved from 

 Cf/»;5^ of Cavanilles, Ic. v. i. 9.— Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 

 132. — This genus comes next to Carcopfis, and we fhould 

 fcaixcly fcruple to unite them. 



COSMELIA, from koo-|U.=i,-, to adorn, alluding to its 

 beauty. — Br. Prodr. Nov^ Holl. v. i. 553. — Clafs and 

 order, Pentaudria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Epacridte, 

 Brown. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx leafy. Corolla tubular, bearing the 

 ftamens. Anthers united leagthwife to the fringed tops of 

 the filaments. Neftary of five fcales. Capfule with a 

 central receptacle. 



1. C. rubra. Found by Mr. Brown, in bogs on the 

 fouth coaft of New Holland. An upright Jhruh, without 

 fears on the denudated branches. Leaves (heathing at the 

 bafe. Floiuers terminal, bright red, drooping. Calyx 

 accompanied by imbricated leafy braEteas. Br. 



Nearly akin to Anderson'ia ; fee that article. 



COTAISIS. Add— This town, called Cotais or Co- 

 tatis, is now an inconfiderable place, inhabited by about 

 80 Jewifh, Armenian, and Turkifh families. Its rivers 

 are extenfive, and it is fituated on a beautiful and fertile 

 plain. 



COTCHUNG. See Deraguz. 



COTENTIN for CONTENTIN. 



COTOPAXL This is the loftieft of thofe volcanoes 

 of the Andes, which in recent epochas liave undergone 

 eruptions. Its abfolute height, according to Humboldt, 

 is i8,874feet; fo that it is double that of Canigou, and 2600 

 feet higher than Vefuvius would be if it were placed on 

 the top of the peak of Teneriffe. This is alfo the moft 

 dreadful volcano of the kingdom of Quito, and its explo- 

 fions are the moft frequent and difallrous. The mafs of 

 fcoriae, and the huge fragments of rock thrown out of this 

 volcano, cover a furface of feveral fquare leagues ; and 

 would form, if they were heaped together, a colofTal moun- 

 tain. In 1758, the flames rofe 2900 feet above the brink 

 of the crater. In 1744, the roaring of the volcano was 

 heard on the borders of the Magdalena, a diftance of 200 

 leagues. In April 1768, the quantity of afhes ejefted by 

 the volcano was fo great, that in the towns of Haunbato 

 and Tacunga the inhabitants were obliged to ufe lanthorns 

 in walking the ftreets at noon-day. The explofion in 

 January 1803 was preceded by the fudden melting of the 

 Inow which covered the mountain. For twenty years 

 before, no fmoke or vapour had been obferved to ifFue 

 from the crater ; and in a fingle night, the fubterraneous 

 fire became fo aftive, that at fun-rile the exLerual walls of 

 the cone were heated to fuch a degree as to appear quite 

 naked, and of the dark colour peculiar to vitrified fcorise. 

 At the port of Guayaquil, nfty-two leagues diftant, Meflrs. 

 Humboldt and Bonpland hear-d the ncife of the volcano 

 day and right, like the continued difcharges of artillery. 



C R A 



In this part of the Andes, a longitudinal valley feparate^ 

 tht.Cordillera3 into two parallel chains ; the bottom of this 

 valley is 9843 feet above the level of the ocean, fo that 

 Chimborazo and Cotopaxi appear no higher than the Col 

 du Geant, as meafured by SaulTure. The fummit of the 

 mountain of Chimborazo is 21,430 feet above the level of 

 the fea, and therefore a good part is above the circle of 

 perpetual congelation, which, in the latitude almoll under 

 the line, is fomewhat higher than the fummit of Mont 

 Blanc. Humboldt's Refearches. See Volcano. 



COTTAGE, col.'i3, 1. 15 from the bottom, for feed 

 r. reed. 



COVENTRY. By the return in 181 1, tins city con- 

 tained 3448 houfes, and 17,293 perfons ; w'z. 8197 males, 

 and 9726 females: 123 families being employed in agri- 

 culture, and 3207 in trade, manufaftures, and handicraft. 



Coventry, in America, 1. 4, add — containing 1938 

 inhabitants; 1. 6, r. 2928; 1. 8, r. 162; 1. 12, add — In 

 1810 it contained 178 perfons ; 1. 13, r. having 1608 inha- 

 bitants. 



COUGHING, in Phyfiology. See Lungs. 



COUNSEL, col. 2, 1. 5, r. the king's premier, &c. 



COURONNE des Taffes, an apparatus conftrufted by 

 profefTor Volta, in which he arranges the component parts 

 of the galvanic pile in a different form. ( See Galvanism. ) 

 This apparatus confifts of a fet of fmall glaffes, placed fide- 

 ways of one another, and containing water or fome faline 

 folution. Metallic arcs are then procured, having one end 

 compofed of zinc, and the other of iilver or copper : thefe 

 arcs are inferted into the glaffes in an uniform order ; eaci; 

 glafs having the zinc leg of one arc, and the copjjer or 

 filver leg of another arc immerfed in the fluid. The zinc 

 and copper legs are not in contaft, and they arc always to 

 be difpofed in the fame fituation withrefpeft to each other : 

 i. e. one is always to be at the right-hand, and the other at 

 the left. The pile and this apparatus operate in the fame 

 manner, and their operation is referred by the proieffor to 

 his new principle (fee Voltaism), by which he conceived 

 different metals, when placed in contaft, to deftroy the 

 cleAric equilibrium, or, in his phrafe, to become movers of 

 eleflricity, producing thiU eleflric motion which is fuppofed 

 to be the primary and eifential caufe of the galvanic aftion. 



COURT, Univer/iry, col. 2, 1. 4, r. 14th. 



COURUPITA foi COURAPITA. 



COWBRIDGE. In i8ii, the paxirti contained 158 

 houles, and 850 perfons ; 425 being males, and 425 

 females. 



COW-TAIL River. See Wau-ca-hatcho. 



CRACKS, col. 4, 1. 15, for bone r. cone. 



CRAFTSBURY, in Geography, a town of Orleans 

 county, in the Itate of Vermont. 



CRAIL. In 181 1, the burgh and parifh of Crail 

 containtd 316 houfes, and 1600 perfons; vi%. 673 being 

 males, and 927 females. 



CRANBERRY. Add— Alfo, a town of Butler county, 

 in Pennfylvania, having 543 inhabitants. 



CRANBORNE. In 181 1, the parifh of Cranborne 

 contained 144 houfes, and 816 perfons; -viz. 429 being 

 males, and 387 females. 



CRANBROOK. Add— The parifh of Cranbrook, by 

 the returns of 181 1, has 511 houfes, and 2994 perlons. 



CRAVEN, 1. 4 and 5, r. 12,676, and 5050. 



CRAWFORD, a county of Pennfylvania, containing 

 fourteen townfhips, and 6178 inhabitants. 



CRAYFORD. In 181 1, the parifh contained 233 

 houfes, and 1553 perfons; viz. 769 being males, and 784 

 females. 



CREAM, 



