E 11 K 



ERI'^CHNE, from Epwv, wool, and ax"". « Hf^- — ^'^: 

 Prodr. N. Holl. V. I. 183.— Clafs and order, Truxmlna 

 Dkviia. Nat. Ord. Gramlna. , -c-, , 



E(r Ch Calyx of two equal valves, two-flowered. 1 lorets 

 feffile,' of two bearded valves. Nedary of two fcales. 

 Stiemas feathery. ,, , 



i genus of tropical gralTes, akin to^na, generally downy ; 

 their L.V. narrow,>...v. panicled. Mr. Brown defcnbes 

 ten New Holland fpecies, none of them ui any other author 

 In iix of them, the outer valve of the corolla has a termmal 



"^ERIE 1. 2, 1: 3758; after Eric, add — borough, con- 

 taining ^94 inhabitants, of whom, in 1810, 14 were flaves, 



ERIOCHILUS, in Botany, from ifm, wool, and x-''^'":> 

 „ Up, becaufe the difc of the nedary is downy.— Br. Prodr. 

 N V Holl. V. I. 323. — Clafs and order, Gynandria Monan- 

 dr}a. Nat. Ord. Orchide^. n „ . , ,, 



Eir. Ch. Calyx rmgent ; lower leaves Italked, under the 

 lip. Petals fmaller, ereft. Lip ftalked ; dilk downy, with- 

 out glands. Column femicyhndrical ; fimple at the top. 

 Anther terminal, permanent, pointlefs ; cells clofe together. 

 Maffes of pollen four in each. 



I. E. autumnalis. Br. n. I. (Epipaftis cucullata ; 

 Labill. Nov. Holl. V. 2. 61. t. 211. f. 2.) — Native of the 

 eaft and fonth parts of New Holland. 5;//^ globular. Leaf 

 radical, enclofed in a fheath, with the bafe of thejlali, which 

 is four or five inches high, naked, bearing from one to three 

 white or pmit\i(hJlowers. Akin to Caladenia. 



ERIVAN. Add — By various fieges, the laft of which 

 ■was in the year 1 808 by the RuITians, this town is reduced 

 to a ruinous condition. It has been repeatedly taken both 

 by the Turks and Perfians, and has remained in the poflef- 

 fion of the latter from the peace of Nadir Shah in 1748. 

 This city, which gives name to a province bounded on 

 the N. and W. by the Moflian hills, on the S. by the Araxes, 

 and on the E. by the diftrift of Karabaug and Karadaug, is 

 fituated on the banks of the river Zengui, and defended by a 

 fortrefs, of an elliptical form, upwards of 6000 yards in cir- 

 cumference. The N.W. fide of the town is built on a pre- 

 cipice, impending over the river 100 toifes in height ; but is 

 furrounded by the fort which is encompafied by two llrong 

 vails, flanked with towers. 



ERKOOM, in Ornithology, a bird of Abyffinia, which 

 belongs to a large tribe, diftering principally in the beak and 

 horn. The horn is fometimes feen upon the back, and fome- 

 times upon the forehead, above the root of the beak. In 

 the eail part of Abyfiinia, it is called ^l/ia Gumba, in the 

 language of Tigre ; but on the wellern fide of the Tacazze, 

 it is called Erkoom. Its groaning noife gives occafion to 

 the firil of its names. By naturalills, this bird is called the 

 Indian crow or raven. The colour of the eye is a dark 

 brown, or rather of a reddifli caft; ; the eye-laflies are large : 

 its length from the tip of the beak to the extremity of the 

 tail is three feet ten inches ; the length of the beak is 

 ten inches, and the length of the horn three and a half 

 inches. The colour of this bird is footy-black ; the 

 large feathers of the wing are ten in number, milk-white 

 both without and within ; the tip of his wings reaches nearly 

 to .his tail ; and at his neck he has thole protuberances hke 

 the turkey-cock, which are light blue, but turn red upon 

 his being chafed, or when the hen is laying. He feems to 

 prefer running on the ground to flying ; but when he is 

 rai/ed, he flies to a confiderable dillance. Its fmell is rank 

 and he is faid to live in Abyffinia upon dead carcafes • but 

 this Mr. Bruce conceives to be a miftake, as he never fol- 

 lows the army like birds of prey. His food feemed to be 

 the green beetles that are found upon the tops of the tefF, 

 and in order to obtain them, he frequents fields of this grain. 



E T H 



He builds in large thick trees, and if he can, always near 

 churches, and his ncfl: is covered like that of a magpie. 

 Mr. Bruce, in the Appendix to his Travels, has defcribed this 

 bird, and accompanied his defcription with a drawing. 



ERROL, 1. 2, for Grafton ;■. Coos. Add — and in 

 1810, contained 38 inhabitants. 



ERUCARIA, in Botany, Gaertn. v. 2. 298. t. 143. 

 Brown in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 4. 122. See Cordylo- 



CAHPUS. 



ERVING's Gore, in Geography, a town of Hamplhire 

 county, in Malfachufetts, having 160 inhabitants. 



ERYTHRiEA, in Botany, spuflpaia, red. Renealm. 

 Spec. 77. t. 76. Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. I. 451. See 

 Chironia Centaurlum, mar'ttma, fp'icata, &c. 



ERZERUM, 1. II, after church, add— Mr. M'Kinneir 

 ellimates the whole number of inhabitants at 100,000,; 

 1 5,000 of whom are Armenians, and the reft Turks, with 

 the exception of 200 or 300 Greeks. Here are nearly 40 

 raofques, four of which are handfome, a Greek church, a 

 large Armenian chapel, and at a diftance from the city three 

 celebrated monafteries. The bazaars are extenfive. In 

 winter the cold is intenfe ; but the air being pure, and the 

 water good, the natives are ftout and healthy. N. lat. 

 39° 57'. E. long. 40° 57'. The pachahc of Erzerum is 

 the moft confiderable in Armenia ; it is divided into twelve 

 diftrifts, and governed by a pacha of three tails, who refides 

 at Erzerum. 



ESCAPEMENT, Ifochronal for a Pendulum, col. 2, 

 1. 7 from the bottom, for CN r. Q N. Col. 3, 1. 13, 

 for ND r. N Q. — Efcaptment by Alex. Gumming, col. I, 

 1. 10 from the bottom, for D r. H. 



ESKIMAUX Bay, r. Labrador. 



ESOX, col. 5,1.25, after reprefented, infert — curving. 



ESSEX, 1. 5 from bottom, r. 42,829 and 252,473. 



Essex, in America, 1. 7, r. 8 ; 1. 8, r. by the cenfus of 

 1810, 71,888 inhabitants. 



Essex, in Virginia, 1. ult. r. 9376 inhabitants, of whom, 

 in 1810, 5659 were flaves. 



Essex, in New Jerfey, 1. 4, for 3 r. 9 ; 1. 5, r. 25,984 

 and 1 129. 



Essex, in New York, add — containing 947 7 inhabitants. 



Essex, in Vermont, add — containing 14 townlhips, and 

 3087 inhabitants. 



Essex, a townlliip, &c. 1. 2, /•. 957. 



ESTLE, a county of Kentucky, containing 2082 inha- 

 bitants, of whom, in 1810, 133 were flaves. 



ETHER, in Chemijlry. The fpecific gravity of ful- 

 phuric ether, as recently determined by M. Theodore de 

 Saufliire, is .7155 at 68°; and it boils in vacuo at — 20°, 

 and not at 20°, as ftated in the Cyclopaedia. The fpecific 

 gravity of the vapour of fulphuric ether, according to Mr. 

 Dalton, is 2.25 ; according to M. Gay Luffac, whofe expe- 

 riments were made with great care, it is 2.586, that of air 

 being I. M. Theodore de Sauffure has lately pubHfiied an 

 analyfis of fulphuric ether : according to this ingenious 

 chemill, it is compofed of 



Hydrogen ... 14.40 



Carbon .... 67.98 



Oxygen .... 17.62 



100.00 



Which proprotions are nearly equivalent to 



defiant gas ... 80.05 

 Water - - . . 19-95 



loo.co 



Dr. 



