EXP 



EXT 



tunic. This noble plant has flowered in the duke of Marl- 

 borough's aquarium at White Knights. Annejleu was the 

 name originally intended by Dr. Roxburgh. 



EUSTREPHUS, from tv, -well, and rps^^', to turn, or 

 itu'ine. — Brown Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 281. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 2. 272. — Clafs and order, Hexandria Monogyma. 

 Nat. Ord. Afphodelea, Br. 



EfT. Ch. Corolla in fix deep fegments ; three innermoft: 

 fringed. Anthers erect. Stigma triangular. Capfule 

 pulpy, of three cells, and three valves, with partitions 

 from their centre. Seeds feveral ; fear crelled. 



Twining leafy Jhrubs, from the warmer parts of New 

 Holland, with alternate, ribbed, entire leaves ; fimple, aggi-e- 

 gate, Aroo-p'mgJloiver-JlalLs ; pale purple elegant jloiuers ; 

 yellow _/;-;//V, and ratlier large h\?Lc\L feeds. 



1. E. latifolius. Ovate Fringe-bloffbm. Ait. n. i. Br. 

 n. I. Curt. Mag. t. 1245. — Leaves more or lefs ovate. 

 Filaments combined at the bafe. Tips of the anthers 

 twilled in fading. — Native of New South Wales. Dr. 

 White. 



2. E. angujlif alius. Linear Fringe-bloffom. Br. n. 2. — 

 Leaves linear-lanceolate. Filaments dillinft. Tips of the 

 anthers always ftraight. — Found within the tropic, as is 

 alfo the firft. fpecies. Mr. Brown. 



EUTAXIA, Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. 16, we 

 fcruple to feparate from Dillwynia : it is our fourth 

 fpecies there defcribed. 



EUTHALES, from vj, well, and SaXju, to jlourijh or 

 llojfom. — Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 579. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. v. I. 363. — Clafs and order, Pentandria Monogynia. 

 Nat. Ord. Goodenovi^, Br. 



EfT. Ch. Calyx inferior, tubular, in five unequal feg- 

 ments. Tube of the corolla adhering to the germen beneath, 

 fplit on one fide above ; limb two-lipped. Anthers diftinft. 

 Stigma with a two-lipped cover. Capfule of four valves ; 

 two-celled at the bafe. Seeds imbricated, compreffed. 



I. E. trinervis. Three-ribbed Euthales. Br. n. i. Ait. 

 n. I. ( Velleia trinervis ; Labill. Nov. Holl. v. i. 54. t. 77. 

 Goodenia teneUa ; Andr. Repof. t. 466. Curt. Mag. 

 t. 1 1 87.) — From the fouth coaft of New Holland. An 

 herbaceous perennial plant, with haiiy radical leaves, forked 

 radical jtower-jlalks, and handfome golden Jlowers with a 

 dark-purplifli, central, divided fpot. 



EWELL, 1. 7, r. 1811, 225 houfes, and 2135 inha- 

 bitants. 



EXARRHENA, in Botany, from its prominent ftamens, 

 in which it feems chiefly to difler from Myojotis. — Br. Prodr. 

 Nov. Holl. v. I. 495. — The only fpecies is E. fuaveolens, 

 found in Van Diemen's ifland, a hairy herb, with decurrent 

 leaves, and fragrant \s\\\X.e Jloiuers. 



EXECUTIQN, in Painting, col. 4, 1. 2, r. Janus. 



EXETER, col. 4, 1. 23 from the bottom — The number 

 of inhabitants in the city of Exeter and county of the fame, 

 by the return of 1811, was 2879 houfes, and 18,896 in- 

 habitants. 



ExETEH, in America, 1. 17, r. 8759. In Wafliington 



county, 1. 3, r. 2236, and add — Alfo, a county of New 

 York, containing 9477 inliabitants. — Alfo, a townihip of 

 Berks county, in Pennfylvania, having 1 1 94 inhabitants. 



EXHALING Vessels. See Exbalant SyPm under 

 Heart. 



EXMOUTH, 1.18, r. 459 houfes, 2301 inhabitants; 

 1. 19, r. 371. 



EXPANSION, col. 3, 1. 31, for expands r. contrafts. 

 Expansion of the Gafes. See Gas. 



EXPONENTIAL Equation, dele the reference. 



EXPOSURE, col. 2, 1. 2, for fouthem r. northern. 



EXPRESSION, Physiognomical. See Emotion, 

 and Gesture. 



Expression, in Painting, col. 9, 1. 37, for woman r. 

 women. 



EXTRACT — Extractive Principle, in Chemijlry. 

 Great confufion exifls in diff^erent chemical authors refped- 

 nig thefe terms. Formerly the term extract was applied to 

 all thofe fubft;ances which were extrafted from plants by 

 means of water or fpirits ; but of late it has been confined 

 by many to a fubftance which is fuppofed to exill in many- 

 plants, and which may be obtained tolerably pure from the 

 bark of the cinchona officinalis, according to the experiments 

 of Schrader. Other chemifts, however, ftill ufe the term 

 extras in its original fenfe ; hence Dr. Tliomfon, to prevent 

 ambiguity, has chofen to diftinguifh the principle of Schra- 

 der by the term extraSive. The following are the properties 

 of extractive, according to Dr. Thomfon. 



1 . Soluble in water, and the folution is always coloured. 

 When the water is flowly evaporated, the extraftive matter 

 is obtained in a folid ftate, and tranfparent ; but when the 

 evaporation is rapid, the matter is opaque. 



2. The taflie of extractive is always ftrong, but it is very 

 different according to the plant from which it is obtained. 



3. It is infoluble in abfolute alcohol and in ether, but 

 foluble in alcohol when it contains water. 



4. By repeated folutions and evaporations, the extractive 

 matter acquires a deeper colour, and becomes infoluble in 

 water. This change is confidered as the confequence of 

 the abforption of the oxygen of the atmofphere, for which 

 the extraftive principle has a great affinity. But if the 

 folution be left to itfelf, expofed to the atmofphere, the 

 extraft is totally deftroyed in confequence of a kind of pu- 

 trefaction which fpeedily commences. 



5. When chlorine is poured into a folution containing 

 extractive, a very copious dark yellow precipitate is thi-own 

 down, and the liquid retains but a light lemon colour. 

 Thefe flakes are confidered as oxygenized extractive ; it is 

 now infoluble in water, but hot alcohol diflblves it. 



6. Tlie extractive principle unites with alumina, and 

 forms with it an infoluble compound. Accordingly, if 

 fulphate or muriate of alumina be mixed with a folution of 

 extractive, a flaky infoluble precipitate appears, at leall 

 when the liquid is boiled ; but if an excefs of acid be pre- 

 fent, the precipitate does not always appear. 



7. It is precipitated from water by concentrated fulphuric 

 acid, muriatic acid, and probably by feveral other acids. 

 When the experiment is made with fulphuric acid, the 

 fumes of vinegar generally become fenfible. 



8. Alkalies readily unite with extractive, and form com- 

 pounds infoluble in water. 



9. The greater number of metallic oxyds form info- 

 luble compounds with extractive. Hence many of them, 

 when thrown into its folution, are capable of feparating it 

 from water. Hence alfo the metallic falts molUy preci- 

 pitate extractive. Muriate of tin poflefles this property in 

 an eminent degree. It throws down a brown powder, per- 

 fedlly infoluble, compofed of the oxyd of tin and vegetable 

 matter. 



10. If wool, cotton, or thread, be impregnated with alum, 

 and then plunged into a folution of extractive, they are 

 dyed of a fawn-brown colour, and the liquid lofes much of 

 its extractive matter. This colour is permanent. The 

 fame efl"eCt is produced if muriate of tin be employed in- 

 ilead of alum. This eff'ed is flill more complete if the 

 cloth be foaked in chlorine, and then dipped into tlie infu- 

 fion of the extractive. Hence we fee that the extractive 



matter 



