FLU 



Tangipoo, Chifunete, Bogue Chito, and Pearl. _ The 

 Comite rifes in Wilkinfon county, in the Miffiffippi terri- 

 tory, and, after a courfe of forty miles, falls into the Amite. 

 The Amite rifes in the fame territory in Amite county, and 

 having joined the Iberville, falls into lake Maurepas, after 

 a courfe of loo miles. The Tickfah rifes in the fame terri- 

 tory, and after entering W. Florida, becomes much aug- 

 mented, and purfuing a fouth courfe of fifty miles falls 

 into lake Maurepas. The Tangipoo rifes in the fame 

 territory, and running nearly S. 70 miles, falls into lake 

 Pontchartrain. The Chifunete rifes in W. Florida, and pur- 

 suing a courfe of about 60 miles, enters into lake Pontchar- 

 train. The thriving town of Mndifonville lies on its banks. 

 The Bogue Chito has its fourge in the Mifliffippi territory, 

 and after a S.E. by S* courfe, enters the Peahl River ; 

 which fee. 



Florida, a town of Bcrkfliirc county, in Maflachufetts, 

 containing 392 inhabitants. 



FLORIN, col. 2, 1. 19, after divifions, add — A florin is 

 a filver coin in Holland, Flanders, and Germany, called alfo 

 " Guilder," or " Gulden." Accounts are kept in Holland 

 in gilders or florins of 20 ftivers, each fubdivided into 16 

 pfenings. A rix-dollar is v.oi-th 2g ftivers, and a pound 

 Flemifh is equal to 6 gilders ; hence, the rix-dollar being 

 = y. ^d. Flemifli, the gilder is = 3^. ^. Flemifli. A 

 gold giMer, with which accounts are kept in the corn-trade, 

 is worth 28 ftivers. Among the coins are ftamped gold 

 gilders at 28 ftivers, unftamped do. at 26 ftivers. A gold 

 gilder of 28 ftivers muft weigh 407 Dutch afles, or 301 

 Enghfti grains. In Germany, they have gold florins, or 

 guldens, which are chiefly current in the countries on the 

 banks of the Rhine, pafling generally for 2 rix-dollars cur-_ 

 rent, and they are to contain i8^ carats of fine gold, 3! 

 carats of fine filver, and 1 1 carats of copper. The Hano- 

 verian gold florins contain 18J cai-ats of gold, 3I carats of 

 filyer, and i §■ carat of copper. The gold florin is a gold 

 coin in Hanover, and other parts of Germany ; but the gold 

 gilder in Holland is a fdver coin. See TABiE of Coins 

 under Coix and Exchange. 



FLOYD, 1. 4, r. 3453 and 113. 

 FLUATES, in Chemijlry. See FluoRIC JclJ. 

 _ FLUGEL-Max, in Militciry Language, a well-drilled 

 intelligent foldier, advanced in front of the line to give the 

 time in the manual and platoon exercifes. The termjugel 

 IS derived from the German, and fignifies a ■whii; ; the man 

 having been originally pofted in the front of the'right wing. 

 _ FLUIDS, Animal, Chemir.al Properties oj. The blood 

 IS the general fom-ce of all other animal fluids, moft of which, 

 more or lefs, refemble it in their properties. The opera- 

 tion by which other fluids are formed from the blood is 

 XermeAfeeretion. See Blood and Secretion. 



Berzehus divides fecreted fluids into two clafl-es ; namely, 

 ^xefecretwns properly fo called, or the fluids intended to 

 iulhl fome ulterior purpofe in the animal economy ; and the 



'^'C'T'a ''r'^v,^ /"■" '^''""^^>' difcharged from the body. 

 The fluids of the forn^er clafs, accordin.. to this dittinguifh- 

 cd chemift are all alkalme ; of the latter, all acid. The excre- 

 tions are, the urine, the perfpirable fluid, and the milk; all 

 the other fluids appear to belong to the former clafs. The 

 alkahne fecreted fluids may be divided into two very diftinft 

 Ipecies. The former of thefe contains the fame quantity of 

 water as the blood, fo that the change induced by the nerv- 

 ous influence feems to be confined to that of altering the 

 chemical form of the albuminous materials, without affeaine 

 their relative proportions to the water and other fubftances 

 diffolved in the blood. The bile, fpermatic fluid, &c. are 

 of this kind. The latter fpecies confifts- of fluids, in which 

 the influence of the nervous fyftem has fep.irated a large per- 



FLU 



tion of the albuminous matter, and left the remaining liquid 

 proportionally more watery. The faliva, the humours of the 

 eye, and the efTufed ferum of membranes, ai-e of this fpecies ; 

 and in thefe, the quantities of falts, and in general alfo of 

 alkali, are the fame as in the blood. 



The influence of the chemical agent of fecretion is there- 

 fore, according to Berzelius, chiefly fpent upon the albu- 

 minous materials of the blood, which feem to be the fource 

 of every fubftance that peculiarly charafterifes, and is the 

 principal conftituent of each fecretion, and which \sfui generis. 

 All the other parts of the fecretion feem to be rather acci- 

 dental, and to be found there only, becaufe they were con- 

 tained in the blood out of which the fecretion was formed. 



The excretions are of a more compound nature. They all 

 contain a free acid, which is the la&ic, and in the urine this is 

 mixed with the uric acid. Urine feems to contain only a 

 fingle peculiar charafteriftic matter, but milk has as many 

 as three, namely, butter, curd, and fugar of milk. The per- 

 fpired fluid appears to have no peculiar matter, but to be a 

 mere watery liquid wdth hardly a veftige of the albumen of 

 the blood, and in fhort to be the fame as the other excreted 

 fluids would be if deprived of their peculiar matter. 



An account of moft of the animal fluids will be found 

 under their proper heads. The following is a tabular view 

 of the analyfes of what have been termed albuminous fluids, 

 many of wliich have been omitted. 



The above are the refults of Dr. Boftock's experiments, 

 with the exception of the fluid from a blifter marked *, 

 which is taken from Margueron. 



With refpeft to the nature of the incoagulable matter and 

 falts, they are the fame as thofe conftantly found in the feriun 

 of the blood ; we refer our readers therefore to what we have 

 faid on this fubjeft under the article Blood. 



FLUOBORIC Acid, in Chemipy. See Fluoric y^aV. 



FLUORIC Acid. Since this article was written for 

 the Cyclopaedia, many important additions have been made 

 to our knowledge refpedting fluoric acid, which deferve to 

 be mentioned here. 



Pure fluoric acid, according to Gay Luffac and Thenard, 

 may be obtained by diftilling together in lead velfels a mix- 

 ture of one part of white fluor fpar in a ftate of powder, and 

 two parts of concentrated fulphuric acid. The lead receivers 

 muft be kept as cool as polfible by a mixture of common 

 fait and fnow or ice. 



Fluoric acid thus obtained is, at 32°, a colourlefs liquid, like 

 water. It remains a fluid between — 4° and 60''. Itsboihng 

 point has not been determined, but it is low. When expof- 

 ed to the air it fmokes violently, giving out a fmell fimilar 

 to that of muriatic acid, but much ftronger. It is very fpeed- 

 ily diflipated in the open air, and can only be preferved in 

 metallic veflels. Thofe beft adapted for the purpofe are made 

 of pure filver, with air-tight filver ftoppers. This acid, 

 according to Davy's experiments, when as concentrated as 



poffible. 



