GAS 



2. Water of tlie fame temperature ahvays takes up tlie 

 fame bulk of each gas, whatever be its denlity. 



3. The proportion of any gas abforbed by water depends 

 greatly upon the nature of the gafeous reiidue. 



4. The proportion of gafes abforbed by water is con- 

 fiderably influenced by the temperature. 



All the very abforbable gafes belong to the clafs of fup- 

 porters, acids, or alkahes. The following is a lift of fuch 

 of them as have been hitherto examined, arranged in the 

 order of their abforbability. Chlorine, cyanogen, ful- 

 phureous acid, fluofilicic acid, muriatic acid, fluoboric acid, 

 ammoniacal gas. 



When water is faturated with the above gafes its bulk is 

 augmented. Thus one cubic inch of water faturated with 



Cubic Inches. 

 Chlorine becomes - - 1.002 + 



Sulphiireous acid - - 1.040 



Muriatic acid - - 1.500 



Ammoniacal gas - - 1.666 



With refpeft to the abforption of gafes by other fluids 

 lefs is known. It appears, however, that in general alcohol 

 and oils abforb a much greater proportion of gafes than 

 water. 



Our limits will not permit us to enter upon this fubjedl 

 fo much a^ its importance demands, we mull therefore con- 

 tent ourfelves with prcfeiiting our readers with the following 

 table of the proportions of different gafes abforbed by water, 

 according to tlie beft experiments. 



Table I. — Gafes 



combining with 

 Proportion. 



Water in fmall 



Table II. — Gafes combining with Water in large 

 Proportion. 



One JMeafure of pure 

 Water 



Chlorine 

 Cyanogen 

 Sidphureous acid 

 Fluofilicic acid 

 Muriatic acid 

 Fluoboric acid 

 Ammoniacal gas 



abforbs, according to 



Dalton. Sauffure.Tlionifon. GayLuffac. Davy. 



— 43-78 33 -1 _ 



— 363+ — — — 



— — — 700 



Combination of Gafes lullh Solids The fimple gafes are 



only four, oxygen, chlorine, hydrogen, and azote. Oxygen 



GAS 



combines with all the fimple bodies known. Chlorine with 

 by far the greater number. Hydrogen, with carbon, phof- 

 phorus, and fulphiir, and fome of the metals. Azote as 

 far as is known, with carbon only. 



Of the union of compound gafes with folids little is 

 known, and fuch combinations are very rare. 



Witli refpcft to the weights of the atoms, fpecific gravities 

 compofition, iffc. of the different gafeous bodies that have 

 been well afccrtained, they will be found in the titles 

 appended to the article Atomic Theory, to which, there- 

 fore, we refer our readers. Other particulars, fuch as 

 their chemical properties, &c. will be found under tJieir 

 refpeftive heads. 



Expanfion of Gifes by Heat. (See Expansion.) To 



what has been there advanced we may add, that it is now 

 confidered as eftablilhed, that all elaftic fluids expand 

 equally and uniformly by heat ; and the following table 

 gives us nearly the bulk of a given quantity of air at all 

 temperatures, from 32° to 212°, by the aid of which the 

 expanfion of gafes for all other temperatures may be eafily 

 afcertained. ' 



GASOMETER. See Laboratory. 



GASTRIC Juice. See Digestiox. 



GASTROLOBIUM, in Botany, Br. in Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 3. 16, a papilionaceous genus, with ten feparate 

 ftamens, named from the tumid, or bellying legume. We 

 have had no opportunity of examining it. 



GATES, 1. 4, r. 5965 and 2790. 



GATTON, 1. 3, for U2r. 99. 



iw'^^'^^^'^' '" ■^"''"IV' perhaps from y«^a;, riches, in 



allufion to the fplcndour of the flowers Gartn. v. 2. 451. 



t. 173. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 140. Lam! Illufl:r! 



*A 'f ^ •;r*^'''!!' ''"'^ °'"'^^'"' Syr>gene/ia Polyg. -frujlranea. Nat! 

 Urd. Qompofitif, 



Eir. 



