H Y D 



the clergy of his diocefe, the fubjeft to which he directed 

 their attention was the excellence of the liturgy, inculcating 

 at the fame time the duty of fubmitting all alterations to 

 the wifdom of the church, and thus guarding againft that 

 difpofition to reform which was manifefting itfulf among 

 thofe who formed a confiderable party pertaining to the 

 eftablifhment. 



In the following year, the learned prelate had the honour 

 of being preceptor to the Prince of Wales and his brother 

 the duke of York. In the fame year, he pubhfhed a volume 

 of fermons preached at Lincoln's-Inn ; to which, in 1780, he 

 added two additional volumes, containing a variety of elegant 

 difcourfes, orthodox with regard to their theology, and con- 

 formable to the articles of the church, which he profelfes 

 highly to venerate. His tranflation to the fee of Worcefter 

 took place in 1 78 1 , when he was alfo nominated clerk of the 

 clofet ; and though he was offered the primacv in 1783, 

 he declined the acceptance of this high dignity. In his 

 retired ftation at the epifcopal feat of Hartlebury, he 

 paffed the remainder of his hfe in attending to the concerns 

 of his diocefe, purfuing his literarv avocations, and colleft- 

 ing a noble library, which he bequeathed as an heir-loom to 

 the fee of Worcefter. Of his minor publications, both 

 before and after this period, we fhall take no notice ; but 

 content ourfelves with mentioning his edition of the works 

 of his efteemed friend the bifhop of Gloucefter, prefented to 

 the public in 7 vols. 4to. in 1788 ; adding afterwards, viz. 

 in 1 794, an account of the life, writings, and character of 

 the author. With this performance he terminated his lite- 

 rary labours ; and after a gentle and eafy decline, he expired, 

 in his fieep, in May 1808, four months after the completion 

 of his 88th year. The literary charafter of this prelate may 

 be duly appreciated by a perufal of his writings ; but with 

 refpeft to his private charafter and conduft, we (hall adopt 

 the opinion and language of a candid biographer, who fays 

 of him, " if a fair abatement be made on account of fome 

 literary arrogance and acrimony, probably derived from the 

 iame fource," (referring to familiarity with the writings of 

 Warburton,) "they will merit unqualified praife. His ftricl 

 regard to decorum, his liberal courtefy, his warmth of friend- 

 (hip, his moderation and difintereftednefs, rendered him 

 equally an objeft of regard and efteem." Gen. Biog. 



HURON, in Geography, a town of Cayahuga county, in 

 Ohio, having 424 inhabitants. 



HUTCHINSIA, in Botany, dedicated to the memory 

 of the late Mifs Hutchins, of Ballylickey, near Bantry, in 

 Ireland, a nioft intelligent cryptogamic botaniil. — Br. in 



Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 4. 82. Sm. Compend. 98 Clals and 



order, Telradynamia Siliculofa. Nat. Ord. SUlquofii, Linn. 

 Crucifirs, Juff. 



Eft. Ch. Pouch entire ; valves tumid. Seeds two in 

 «ach cell. Filaments fimple. 



1. H. rotiindifolia. Round-leaved Hutchinfia. Ait. n. i. 

 (Iberis rotundifolia ; Linn. Sp. PI. 905. Scop. Carn. t.37.) 

 •^Leaves undivided. — Native of mountains in the fouth of 

 Europe. Flowers rofe-coloured. 



2. H. alpina. Alpine Hutchinfia. Ait. n. 2. fee Lepi- 

 DIUM alptnum. — Leaves pinnatifid. Petals twice as long as 

 the calyx. Style Ihort. 



3. H. petreea. Rock Hutchinfia. Sm. n. i. fee Lepi- 



DlUM petraum Leaves pinnatifid. Petals fhorter than the 



calyx. Stigma felTile. 



HYiENANCHE. See Toxicodendrum. 

 HYALITE. See Minekalogy, Addenda. 

 HYDE, 1. 4, r. 6029—1882. 

 HYDEPARK, 1. 2, r. 261. 



H Y G 



HYDRIODATES, Hydriodic Acid, in Chemijlry. 

 See Simple Bodies. 

 HYDROCHLORIC Acid. See Muriatic Acid, and 



Chlorine. 



HYDROCYANIC Acid. See Cyanogen and Pbussic 



Add. 



HYDROGEN. For the recent determinations re- 

 fpefting the fpccific gra.vity, &c. of this gas, fee Atomic 

 Theory. 



Hydrogen, Arfmical. See Arsenic. 



HydK(Jgen, Boriiretted, the name of a gafeous compound 

 of hydrogen and boron. The exiftence of fuch a gas, how- 

 ever, feems fomewhat uncertain. Dr. Thomfon thinks 

 Gmehn fucceeded in forming it by mixing together four 

 parts of iron-filings, and one part of boracic acid, and ex- 

 pofing the mixture to a ftrong heat for half an hour. When 

 this fufed mafs was diffolved in muriatic acid, an erfcr- 

 vefcence took place, and a gas, fuppofed to be boruretted 

 hydrogen, was extricated ; but it was not fatisfaftorily exa- 

 mined. Sir H. Davy endeavoured in vain to unite boron 

 with hydrogen by heating them together. 



HYDROGURET of Carbon, Phrfphorus, and Sulphur, 

 the names by which fome have chofen to diftinguifh com- 

 pounds of hydrogen with thefe refpeftive fubilances, and 

 which were formerly called carburetted, phofphuretted, anl^ 

 fidphuretted hydrogen. 



HYDROPHILUS. At the clofe, add— The genus 

 hydrophilus, hke that of dytifcus, has been greatly increafed 

 by the perfevering refearches of modern entomologifts. Mr. 

 Marfham enumerates twenty-eight Britifb fpecies. 



HYDROPHOSPHORIC Acid, Hydrosulphuric 

 Acid, Hydrothionic Acid, in Chemijlry, names which have 

 been given, the firft to phofphuretted hydrogen, the two lail 

 to fidphuretted hydrogen. 



HYGROMETRY, col. 13, 1. 22, add— Mr. Leflie's 

 improved hygrometer is compofed of a tube of ivory, con- 

 taining quickfilver, with a glafs tube adapted to it, to which 

 a fcale of equal parts is attached. When the ivory yields 

 moifture to the air, which it does according to the drynefs of 

 the atmofpbere, it contracts, and preffes the quickfilver higher 

 in the tube ; — when it imbibes moifture from damp air, it 

 fwells, and allows the quickfilver to fubfide. Mr. Leflie 

 finds, however, that thefe variations do not correfpond with 

 the real meafures of atmofpheric drynefs or humidity : near 

 the point of extreme dampnefs, they are much augmented ; 

 while they diminifli rapidly towards the other extreme. The 

 addition of another fcale, therefore, correlponding to this 

 inequality, is neceflar)' ; and even with this, it cannot be 

 regarded as either an accurate or delicate inftrument. 



There are other circumftances, fays the profeffor, con- 

 nefted with evaporation, on which an hygrometer may be 

 conftructed ; particularly the dilatation imparted to the air 

 by the vapour, and the dcpreffion of temperature produced 

 on the humid furfacc. 



On the firft of thefe he has invented an hygrometer con- 

 fifting of a fmall tumbler, the mouth flat, having a hole 

 ground through the bottom, in which is cemented a flender 

 recurved tube, hke a fyphon, containing a portion of 

 coloured oil. A few drops of water being put on a glafs 

 plate, and the tumbler being flipped upon this, the included 

 air difTolves moifture proportional to its drynefs ; and the 

 increafed elafticity, thus communicated to the air, caufes 

 the column of oil in the tube to afcend. This inftrument, 

 however, requires addrefs in its management, which renders 

 it difficult to obtain with it refults perfeftly precife. 



On the other principle, Mr. Leflie has conftrufted what 

 3 T 2 he 



