J: E F 



all other fubftances. Ic«, he adds, is chiefly formed in 

 Bengal dm-inR the cleared and calmed nights ; and on luch 

 niglits the grcateft cold, from radiation, is perceived on the 

 IWface of the earth. Moreover, the cold that produces 

 this cffed in Bengal appears, in its greateft degree, l.ke 

 cold from radiation in other fnbllances, on thofe ftdl and 

 ferene nights, during ui.ic!. little dew .s depohted by the 

 atmofphere. He furtl.er adds, that clouds and wmd pre- 

 vent the formation of ice in Bengal ; and that the fame 

 Hates of the atmofphere either prevent, or conliderably 

 diminini. the occurrence of cold from the radiation of heat 

 at night by bodies on the ground. From experiments, i.i 

 procuring ice in the manner of Barker and Williams, Dr. 

 Wells found reafon for inferring, t!iat water may freeze at 

 night, in air of a temperature higher than 7,2'', not only 

 without any lofs of weight from evaporation, but with a 

 gain of weight from an oppofite procefs : and he concludes 

 ill general, that the formation of ice in Bengal, in the cir- 

 cumftances defcribed by Barker and Williams, muft be attri- 

 buted, in by far the greater meafure. if not altogether, to 

 a lofs of heat, which the water fnffers by its own radiation, 

 while fituated in fuch a manner, that it can receive little 

 heat from other bodies, either by radiation or conduftion. 

 Our author, in the courfe of his experiments, found, that 

 evaporation from water of 32° produces very little cold, 

 even in the day-time : and he thinks it much more probable, 

 that on a clear and calm night, though in a dry winter of 

 Bengal, water at the temperature of 32° will acquire 

 warmth from the formation of dew upon it, than that it will 

 become cold from evaporation. 



ICHNEUMON. Add— The charafters are. mouth 

 with jaws, without tongue ; antennse with more than thirty 

 joints ; abdomen in moft fpecies foot-ftalked ; piercer ex- 

 ferted, with a cylindric-bivalve fheath. The animals of this 

 getius depofit their eggs in the bodies of other hving infers, 

 and generally in thofe of caterpillars. Here they hatch, 

 and the young larva:, refembling fmall white maggots, 

 nourifli themfelves with the juices of the unfortunate animal, 

 and at length the young brood of ichneumon larvae creep 

 out by perforating the (kin in various places, and each fpin- 

 ning itfelf up in a fmall oval filken cafe, changes into chry- 

 falis, the whole number forming a group on the (lirivellcd 

 body of the caterpillar which had afforded them nourilh- 

 ment. and. after a certain period, emerge in the ilate of 

 complete ichneumons. The principal fpecies are, glomeratus, 

 puperum. ovulorum. ramidulus, luteus. See Vespa, and 

 Wasp. 



ICHNOCARPUS, in Botany, Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2. 



69. See IsCHNOCARPUS. 



ICTUS Solaris, A Stroke of the Sun, denotes the effeft 

 of a too violent influence of the fun upon the head. It 

 is ranked by Dr. CuUen as a variety of apoplexy, under 

 the name of " Carus ab infolatione." 



IDA. Add — The fummit of Ida is denominated Gar- 

 garus ; and it affords a level furface, of no great extent, 

 but of an oblong form, with a rudely-built wall around it, 

 in which are fmall blocks of marble. This inclofure. it is 

 conjeftured, may have been a Greek church, or perhaps 

 only a (heep-pen, united for the proteftion of the flocks in 

 the fummer months. 



IDOCRASE. See Vesuvian. 



IDOLATRY, col. 5, 1. 15 from the bottom, for even 

 r. ever. 



JEDBURGH. In 1811, the burgh and parilh con- 

 tained 669 houfes, aqd 4454 perfons ; viz, i<)$l males, and 



IMP 



2497 females: 399 families being employed in agriculture, 

 and 405 in trade and manufaftures. 



JEFFERSON. (See Jackson.)— Alfo, a county of 

 the Miffiffippi, containing 4001 inhabitants, of whom 1792 

 were (laves in 1810. — Alfo, a townfliip of Clarke county, 

 in the Indiana territory. 



Jefferson, in Kentucky, 1. 3, r. 1 1,61 1 ; 1. 4, r. 3746 ; 

 1.7, — It contains, together with Louifville, 61 11 inha- 

 bitants, the flaves in the county being 2080, and in the 

 town 256 ; 1. 9. r. 7309 inhabitants, of whom 783 are 

 flaves; 1. 14. r. 197; r. 11 towns with 17,260 inha- 

 bitants, of whom 6001 are flaves; 1. 14, after Steubeii- 

 ville. add — Alfo, a town of Adams' county, in Ohio, having 

 494 inhabitants. — Alfo, a town of Fayette county, in Ohio, 

 having 327 perfons. — Alfo, a townfliip of Madifon county, 

 in Ohio, having 246 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townfliip of 



Montgomery county, in Ohio, having 1343 inhabitants 



Alfo, a townfliip of Mun<ingum county, in Ohio, having 



962 perfons Alfo, a tov\nfliip of Prebble county, in Ohio, 



having 385 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townfliip of Rofs county, 

 in Ohio, having 1456 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townfliip of 

 Scioto county, in Ohio, with 258 perfons. — Alfo, a town- 

 fliip of Geauga county, in Ohio, containing 168 inhabitants, 

 — Alfo, a town in Maine, in Lincoln county, having 1205 

 inhabitants: — 1. 16 — Alfo, a county of Virginia, containing 

 11,581 inhabitants, including 3532 flaves; 1. 17, for 

 Grafton r. Coos, New Hampftiire ; do. r. 197 ; 1. 19, 

 after Scottville. add — Alfo, a county, containing 161 inha- 

 bitants. — Alfo, a townfliip of Greene county, in Pennfyl- 

 vania, having 11 24 inhabitants. — Alfo, a county of New 

 York, containing 15.140 inhabitants. 



JERICO. 1. 4, r. 1 185. 



JERSEY, New, after the table, add— By the cenfus of 

 1 8 10, the whole number of its inhabitants is ftated to be 

 245,562, and that of flaves 10,851. See each county, and 

 United States. 



JESSAMINE, 1. 2, r. 8219 and 2466. 



JET. See Mineralogy, Addendn. 



JEWS, col. 16, 1.9 from the bottom, r. 1 10,000. 



JINJAL, denotes a large mufltet, fixed on a trivet, 

 ufed in Indian forts, and fired with great precilion. 



ILCHESTER, 1. 4 from the bottom, r. 1811— 83— 

 610. 



ILEUM. See Intestine. 



ILFRACOMBE, 1. ult. r. 434 and 1934. 



ILLINOIS. Add — The Illinois territory, now one of 

 the United States, contains two counties, Wz. St. Clair 

 and Randolph : the former comprehending nine townftiips, 

 and the latter four ; and the number of inhabitants in the 

 whole territory is ftated, by the cenfus of 18 10, to be 

 12,282 perfons, of whom 168 were flaves. See United 

 States. 



ILLORI, a town of Mingrelia, on the left bank of the 

 Enguri. furrounded by a wall. 



ILMINSTER. By the return in 181 1, the parifti con- 

 tained 364 houfes. and 2i6operfoi}s ; inie.. 1022 males, and 

 1138 females: 121 families being employed in agriculture, 

 and 231 in trade, manufaftures, and handicraft. 



ILSLEY, 1. 2, and Eaft and Weft Jlfley were returned 

 to parhament, in i8u, as containing 179 houfes, and 996 

 perfons. 



IMIRETTA. 1. 8, after W. add— between the 43d 

 and 44th degrees of N. lat. 



IMPEDIMENTS, in Elocution. See Lakynx, and 

 the references under that article 



IMPERATA, in Botany, fo caHed after Ferrante Im- 



perato. 



