MAI 



MADRID, in America. At the clofe, add— The dif- 

 tria, by the cenfiis of 1810, contains 2103 inhabitants, of 

 whom 287 were flavcs. 



MAD-RIVER, a townftiip of Champaign county, 

 in Ohio, having 1008 inhabitants. 



MAGIC, Superstitious, infert — lias been fuppofed to 

 confift ; in 1. 2, infert after its — fuppofed ; 1. 7, dele half. 



MAGIC Square, col. 5, 1. 18 from bottom, dele and. 



MAGNESIA, in Chemijlry. According to the lateft 

 determinations, the weight of the atom of magnefia is 25, 

 that of oxygen being 10 ; from this, the compofition of its 

 falls can be eafily afcertained. See Atomic Theory. 



Separation of Magtiejiii from Lime. — We may take the 

 opportunity of mentioning here an ingenious method of 

 cffeftiflg this difficult chemical problen*- lately propofed by 

 Mr. R. Phillips, and originally fuggefted, we beheve, by 

 H([f_ "P. Cooper. The two earths are to be reduced to 

 the ftate of fulphate, and then well waflied with a faturated 

 folution of fulphate of lime, which readily diffolves, and 

 thus feparates the fulphate of magnefia, but which, from 

 its being already faturated, can take up no more fulphate 

 of hme. 



MAGNESIAN Lime-stone. See Mineralogy, Jd- 



denda. 



MAGNESITE- See Mineralogy, Addenda. 

 MAGNESIUM, in Chemijlry, the metallic bafis of 

 magnefia. See Magnesia. 



MAGNOTS. At the end, add— See Maixa. 

 MAHBNING, a town(hip of Northumberland county, 

 in Pcnnfylvania, with 829 inhabitants. 



MAHIM, for 17 miles N. of Bombay r. 7 miles N. of 

 Bombay fort. 



MAHONING. Add — In Indiana county, having 552 

 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townftiip of Mercer county, in the 

 fame ftate, having 1316 inhabitants. 



MAHONTOGO, Loiuer and Upper, two townfliips of 

 Berks county, in Pennfylvania ; the former having 637, 

 and the latter 489 perfons. — Alfo, a townfhip of Northum- 

 berland county, having 1 608 inhabitants. 

 MAID, or Maiden. See Virgin. 

 Maid, in Ichthyology. See Skate. 



MAIDEN Creek, in Geography, a townfhip of Berks 

 county, in Pennfylvania, having 918 inhabitants. 



MAIDENHEAD, col. 2, 1. 8, r. 1811— 792— 161. 

 Maidenhead, in America, 1. 4, r. 1810 — 1086. 

 MAIDSTONE, col. 3, 1. 21, &c. r. 181 1—9443; 

 •uiz. 4412 males, and 5031 females: of whom 942 families 

 are employed in trade and manufaftures, and 437 in agri- 

 culture. The number of houfes is 1706. 

 Maidstone, in America, 1. 2, r. 177. 

 . MAINA, a diftrift of the Morea, including that part 

 of the country anciently called Laconia, that lies between 

 the gulf of MefTene and Gythium, bounded on the N. 

 by the higheft range of Taygetus, from which a chain of 

 rugged mountains defcends to Cape Matapan, the fouthern 

 termination of the country. It is watered by Pamifus, now 

 the Pirnetza, the broadeft river of the Peloponnefus. The 

 plains round Calamata, a town towards the N.W., are fer- 

 tile and well cultivated, abounding with the caftus, a 

 prickly pear, the white mulberry affording food for great 

 ■ numbers of filk-worms, and various fruit-trees. The town 

 is built on a plan that is well adapted for defending the 

 inhabitants againft the attacks of the pirates that infeft the 

 coafl. The government of the Maina, in 1795, refembled 

 that of the Scottifh iflands in former time. Over each dif- 

 trift prefided a capitane, whofe refidence was a fortified 

 tower. Each chief, befides his own domain, received a tithe 



M A L 



from the produce of the land of his retainers ; and the 

 different chiefs were independent of each other. Becaufe 

 the Mainots were reluftant to fubmit to the charatch, or 

 poll-tax, they had been repeatedly attacked by the Turks, 

 but without fuccefs ; when an enemy appeared, the coaft 

 was immediately deferted, and the inhabitants retired to the 

 flrong holds of Taygetus. Expert alfo in the ufe of the 

 rifle, befides the advantages of their fituation, they have 

 been able to defy the Turkifh forces. Some of the chiefs 

 were found by Mr. Morritt to be tolerably verfed in Roman 

 literature, and fome capable of reading Herodotus and 

 Xenophon. The laws of hofpitality were obferved amongft 

 them with the ftrifteft punftilioufnefs, and letters of recom- 

 mendation fecured to travellers a friendly reception. The 

 religion of the Mainots is that of the Greek church, with 

 all its mummery. Their women were never fecluded nor 

 enflaved, and therefore neither corrupted nor ignorant. 

 They diftinguifhed themfelves by attention to domeftic 

 management, and the education of their children. Inftances 

 of conjugal infidelity were rare. In cafe of necefhty, it is 

 faid that the Mainots can bring 12,000 men into the field. 

 See Walpole's Memoirs on Turkey, &c. 18 17. 



MAINE, at the clofe, add — See United States. 



MAINOTS. See Maina. 



MAKEFIELD dele: add— See Wakefield. 



MA KONGO, one of the ftates of Loango in Afriea, 

 of which Malemba is the port. The king of Makongo, 

 or Malemba, refides inland at a town called Chingale, 

 the Kinkale of the charts. 



MALABAR, 1. 11, add— The Malabar language pre- 

 vails on the weflern coafl of Cape Comorin, extending over 

 Travaiicore and Malabar, formerly named Kerala, as far N. 

 as Nilifuran. See ToOLAVA. 



MALCOMIA, in Botany, named in honour of Mr. 

 William Malcolm, a celebrated cultivator, to whom the 

 Englifh gardens are much indebted. — Brown in Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. V. 4. 121. — Clafs and order, Tetradynamia Siliquofa. 

 Nat. Ord. Sdiquofae, Linn. Critcifera, Juff. 



Eff. Ch. Pod nearly cylindrical, of two valves. Stigma 

 fimple, acute. Cotyledons incumbent, flat. Calyx clofed. 



This appears to us a very natural and well-defined genus, 

 though hitherto confounded with Cheiranthiis. The three 

 fpecies in Hort. Kew. are, 



1. M. maritima. See Cheiranthus, n. 14; a pretty 

 annual, frequently and eafily cultivated. 



2. M. africana. ( Hefperis africana ; Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 

 532. Leucojum gallicum, foho halimi ; Bocc. Sic. 77. 

 t.42. f.i.) 



3. M. littorea. See Cheiranthus, n. 21. (Leucojum 

 marinum minus; Cluf. Hift. v. I. 298. f. 2.) 



MALDEN, col. 2, 1. 12, r. 181 1 ; 1. 13, /-. 505 — 2659. 



Malden, 1.4, r. 1384. 



MALEMBO, or Malemba. Add - See Makongo. 



MALIC Acid, in Chemijlry. See SoRBic Acid. 



MALKOHA. See Pikenicoph^eus. 



MALLENDERS, a cutaneous difeafe, commonly con- 

 fined to draught-horfes : it is an inflammation of the fldn 

 below the hock, producing cracks which difcharge a foetid 

 matter. For the cure of this diforder, owing to want of 

 cleanlinefs and fri61;ion, the hair fhould be clipped, and the 

 parts well wafhed with foft-foap and water ; and Mr. White 

 recommends the following ointment : •uioL. a compofition of 

 2 oz. of wax ointment, i oz. of olive-oil, oil of turpentine 

 and camphor, of each i dr., and 2 drs. of acetated water of 

 litharge. Mr. Ryding recommcrids a mixture of i oz. of 

 flrong quicklilver ointment, and logrs. of muriated quick- 



filver 



