O R N 



cl,ains to Rome. The city of this name, after the expul- 

 r,on of the princes of Ofrhoene, became a Roman colony, 

 and was regarded as one of the bulwarks o Mefopotam.a 

 Lainft the Parthians and Perfians. It vvas the refidenee of 

 the Courtneys, counts of Edeffa ; and Ml together wth 

 the adjoining- territory, into the hands of Zmg, a,,d Salla- 

 hadeen. In the thirteenth century it was facked by the 

 Mo<x.ds, and by T.mur in the 804th year of the Heg.ra 

 It knolv fubjea to the grand feign,or, and the refidenee of 

 a pacha of two tails. It is lltuated m a barren country, 

 Jz miles from Diarbekr, furrounded by a ftone-wall, 

 defended by a citadel, and a broad deep d,tch The houfes 

 are well built, and the inhabitants, compofed of Turks, 

 Arab-,, Armenians, Jews, and Neilonans, amount to about 

 20,000 fouls. The chief ornaments of the city are, a mag- 

 Bificent mofque, confecrated to Abraham, and the cathedral 

 of the Armenians, now fallen to decay. On an adjoming 

 mountain are the ruins of a buildmg, called the palace ot 

 Nimrood, and feveral extraordinary fubtcrraneous apart- 

 ments, apparently very ancient. M'Kmneir's Periia. 

 ORFORD, 1.4, ;■. 1265. , ,, 



ORGAN, col. 8, 1. 12 from bottom, r. thoroughly 



repaired. . • , , • 



ORLAND. Add — It contains 480 inhabitants. 

 ORLANDO. See Lassus. 



.ORLEANS, 1.4, /-. 23; 1. 10, r. 5830 ; 1. «//. andm 

 1 8 10 of 1248 perfons. 



Orleans, New, 1. 3, infert 105 miles, Sec. ; 1. 3, add— 

 or, by the flatement of Mr. Darby, N. lat. 28'= 57'. W. 

 long. 90^ 8'. At the clofe, add — By the cenfus of 18 10, 

 it is ftated as comprifing the following counties; -viz. 

 Orleans, German Coaft, Acadia, La Eourche, Iberville, 

 Point Coupee, Concordia, Ouachitta, Rapides, Nertchi- 

 toches, Opeloufas, and Arkanfas, which include a number 

 of parifhes, and a population of 76,556 fouls. The city 

 and fiiburbs of New Orleans contained 17,242, and its pre- 

 cinfts 7310: the number of flaves in the former is ftated 

 at 5961, in the latter at 4863. Since the cenfus of 18 10, 

 there has been a rapid increafe of population. Mr. Darby, 

 in his " Defcription of Louifiana," publidied in 1 8 16, 

 ftates, that 1000 may be added for the annual increafe, 

 fo that the prefent population may be eftimated at more 

 than 23,242 perfons. No city perhaps on the globe, he 

 fays, prefcnts a greater contraft of national manners, lan- 

 o-uage, and complexion, than New Orleans. The propor- 

 tion between the whites and men of mixed caft or black 

 is nearly equal. Among the whites, the French are 

 hitherto moil numerous and wealthy ; next to thefe are the 

 Anglo-Americans ; and laftly, the natives of the Britifh 

 iflands. Here are but few Spaniards and Portuguele, 

 fcune -Indians, and difperfed individuals of all the nations of 

 Europe. For a further account, fee United States. 



GRNITHIDIUM, in Botany, from ofn,-, a bird, and 

 iifoc,\J]3ape, or appearance. — Sahf. Tr. of Hort. Soc. v. i. 

 293. Brown in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 210. — Clafs and 

 order, Gynandria Monandria. Nat. Ord. Orchidere. 



Eir. Ch. Lip leflile, hooded, united to the bafe of the 

 column.. Calyx and petals converging. Anther a move- 

 aWe deciduous lid. Maffes ot pollen four, oblique, fur- 

 rowed behind. 

 ■-i;-0. coccineum. Scarlet-flowered Ornithidium. Ait. 



n.'l; -. (Cymbidium coccineum ; Swartz Att. Nov. LTpf. 



V.-6.-7C3. WiUd. Sp. PI. v. 4. 94. Curt. Mag. t. 1437. 



Epidendrum coccineum ; Linn. Sp. PI. 1348. Jacq. 



Amer. -222. t. 135. Helleborine coccinea multiflora ; 



Ptum.'rci.l75. t. 180. f. I.) — Native of the Weft Indies. 



Culti-^ated* in a ftove, among rotten bark, and flowering in 



OTA 



June. The leaves are lanceolate, coriaceous, each pro- 

 ceeding from a bulb. Flotvcrs fcarlet, not large, each on a 

 fimple, axillary, fcaly ftalk, much fliorter than the leaves. 



ORONO. Add— Thetownftiip in the diftrift of Maine, 

 and county of Hancock, has 351 inhabitants. 



ORRERY, col. 28, 1. 17, for taken from r. taken for. 

 Col. 42, 1. idt. for under r. over. Col. 44, 1. 9, for lays r. 

 lies. 



OSAGES. Add— See Wasasha. 



OSMAZOME, in Chem'ijlry. See Blood and Fluids, 

 Animal. 



OSRINGTON, 1. uh. r. 1341. 



OSNABURG, a townftiip'of Ohio, in Stark county, 

 having 301 inhabitants. 



OSSIPEE, 1. 2, r. Strafford; 1. 4, r. 1205. 



OssiPEE Gore, a townfliip of the fame ftate and county, 

 having 125 perfons. 



OTAHEITE, 1. 6 from the end, add — From a furvey 

 made by captain Wilfon in this voyage, he eftimates the 

 whole number as not exceeding 16,050 perfons; and 

 TurnbuU, in his " Voyage round the World," performed 

 from 1800 to 1804, fays, that they cannot now be eftimated 

 at more than 5000. 



OTALGIA, derived from ou;, the ear, and aXyoc, pahi, 

 fignifies the diforder, which, in plain Englifli, is generally 

 called the ear-ache. The pain ma-v be confined to one ear, 

 or affeft both thefe organs with different degrees of feverity. 

 It may be either of a burning, fhooting, pricking, piercing, 

 throbbing, or gnawing defcription ; or it may confift of 

 an unpleafant fenfation of whifpering in the ear, of a ring- 

 ing of bells (fee Tinnitus Aurium^, a continual humming 

 noife, &c. ; the complaint in fuch inllances ufually depend- 

 ing upon irritation of the nerves of the organ. 



According to the nature and fituation of the difeafe, the 

 pain may affetf either the outer part of the ear, the meatus 

 auditorius externus, the cheeks and temples, or the internal 

 parts of the organ, the cavity of the tympanum, the laby- 

 rinth, and the auditory nerve itfelf. Otalgia is divided 

 into feveral fpecies, which are determined by the nature 

 of their particular caufes. Callifen mentions five varieties 

 of the diforder ; •v'lic. the otalgia injlnmmatoria, catarrhalis, 

 purulenta, metajlatica, (a cafe which the modern doftrines in 

 pathology hardly allow us to admit,) and the otalgia a cor- 

 poribus alienis intrufis. 



The injlammntory form of the complaint, when feated in 

 the external parts, is indicated by the common fymptoms 

 of inflammation, as heat, fwelling, and rednefs,, extending 

 over the lobe of the ear, and the adjoining part of the cheek, 

 attended with a diminution in the diameter of the meatus 

 auditorius, and a confequent dulnefs in the power of hearing. 

 But when the inflammation is feated in the internal ear, it 

 is accompanied with acute fever, excruciating pain in the 

 deeper part of the organ, exquifite fenfibility to the flighteft 

 noife, intolerance of founds, reftleffnefs, fomctimes a great 

 deal of delirium, convulfions, fyncope, coldnefs of the 

 extremities, and, according to the accounts of feveral re- 

 fpeftable writers, the difeafe may even have a fatal 

 termination. 



The otalgia catarrhalis is preceded by the ufiial f)-mptoms 

 of a cold, which is very frequently the confequence of an 

 expofure of the head to a current of wind, or of the fett 

 to damp, at a period when they are much heated. This 

 ear-ache is commonly charatterifed by much milder fymp- 

 toms than other varieties of the complaint ; the fwelling of 

 the parts about the ear is not confiderable ; the nofe dif- 

 charges a vaft quantity oi mucua ; the patient is troubled 

 with cough and tooth-ache 5 and not unfrequently an 



enlargement 



