PAL 



PAL 



pleafure to find, that fuch clofe imperifhable copies of tlie 

 rare and juftly valued piftures of this great mafter can thus 

 be tranfmittcd to pofterity. 



Of the advantages of enamel painting, it would be fuper- 

 fluous to fpcak, they are fo obvious as to occur to the 

 moft fuperficial obferver. Its iinalterable durability is 

 alone fufficient to counterbalance every difadvantage to 

 which it is fubjeft : to paint for eternity is the peculiar 

 province of the enamel painter. To him the hyperbolical 

 compHment which Pope paid to Jarvis is juftly due : 



" Beauty, frail flow'r, which every feafon fears. 

 Blooms in his colours for a thoufand years." 



How often have we mingled pity with our admiration of 

 the fine works of the great mafters, colourifts in particular, 

 when we have obferved the dreadful ravages of time on 

 their piftures. By enamel painting this difadvantage is 

 removed ; by means of this art, pofterity will become ac- 

 quainted with the real merits of their predecefTors ; and 

 thofe works which muft of necedity decay, will be preferved 

 in all their original fplendour. How invaluable at prefent 

 would the portraits of the illuftrious charafters of Greece 

 and Rome appear ! Had enamel painting then been known 

 as it is praftiled at prefent, we ihould not now have to feek 

 their imperfeft refemblances in bufts and gems. 



Thus has this art, fometimes fhining forth in full 

 fplendour, fometimes nearly merged in obfcurity, fur- 

 vived the lapfe of ages, and defcended to the nineteenth 

 century, whofe enlightened pohcy and liberal patronage 

 will never allow it to be again difregarded ; but will employ 

 the talents of the enamel painter in the way which they can 

 be beft employed, by preferving for futurity the portraits 

 of our illuftrious anceftors, whofe deeds have conferred an 

 honour on their country ; and in handing down to pofterity 

 the refemblances of our great cotemporaries, and in per- 

 petuating the belt efforts of native genius. See Enamel- 



ilNG. 



Painting of Clocks and Watches. See the preceding 

 article, and Enamelling. 



PAISLEY, col. 4, 1. 21, for falvtie r. falvation. 



PALAVER, an African term denoting a court of juf- 

 tice, or a public meeting of any kind. 



PALERMO, in Geography, a town of America, in 

 Maine, and county of Lincoln, having 761 inhabitants. 



PALLADIUM, in Chemijlry. According to the recent 

 determinations of Dr. Thomfon, the weight of the atom of 

 this metal is 70, oxygen being 10 ; though this, perhaps, is 

 not to be depended on, but as an approximation. 



Palladium. See Mineralociy, Addenda. 



PALMA, GiACOPO, in Biographv, called the Tounger, 

 to diftinguifti him from his great uncle, has been ftyled by 

 Lanzi, " the laft painter of the good and the firft of the 

 bad epochs of the art of Venice." He was born in 1544, 

 the fon of Antonio Palma, an obfcure painter, who firft 

 taught him the little he knew, and encouraged him to ftudy 

 the works of others, particularly thofe of Tintoretto and 

 Titian. At the age of fifteen, he obtained the patronage of 

 the duke of Urbino, who fent him to Rome, and maintained 

 him there for eight years, during which time he employed 

 himfelf in copying the works of M. Angelo, of Raphael, 

 and above all, of Polidoro, and was employed by the pope 

 to adorn one of the rooms of the Vatican. 



On his return to Venice he found but little employment, 

 Tintoretto and Paolo Veroncfe occupying the places of 

 renown, and being engaged in all the public works. Their 

 difagreement with a celebrated architeft and fculptor, 

 named Vittoria, furniihed Palma with a patron, wlio endea- 



vouring to lower the efteem of his enemies, ufed his utmofl 

 efforts to eftablifh the rival painter, aftifted him with his 

 advice, and found him employment. Their united endea- 

 vours failed however of fuccefs, and Palma was oblio-cd to 

 be contented to hold the third rank in the art till their 

 deaths left him without a rival. He had, in the mean time 

 painted in competition with them both, and produced very 

 excellent works. 



When he was left alone and was much employed, he 

 relaxed from the care and diligence he had formerly ufed, 

 and his works became flight in execution, fo much fo that 

 Cefare d'Arpino, remarking upon the (lightnefs of the 

 ftyle in which he painted, obferved, that he meant to make 

 fome ftay at Venice, to learn of him to make fuch admirable 

 fl<etches. When price and time, however, were left to his 

 own difcretion, in which he did not abound, he produced 

 fome works worthy of his former fame ; fuch as the altar- 

 piece at the church of S. Cofmo and Damiano ; the cele- 

 brated naval battle of Francefco Bembo, in the public 

 palace ; the Saint Apollonia at Cremona, S:c. The com- 

 pofitions of the younger Palma are more diftinguifliable for 

 their copioufnefs than the judgment with which they are 

 condufted, and his defign is more bold than correft. His 

 colouring is more vivid than true, but is defervedly admired 

 for its richnefs, fuavity, and freflmefs. 



PALMER, in Geography', 1. 4, r. 11 14. 

 PALMYRA, a townftiip of Maine, in the county of 

 Somerfet, having 117 inhabitants. — Alfo, a townftiip of 



Wayne county, in Pennfylvania, having 336 inhabitants 



Alfo, a townfliip of Knox county, in the Indiana territory 

 PALOMINO Y VELASCO, Don Antonio, in ^L 

 graphy, a Spanifti painter, born in Valencia, in 1653. He 

 iludied at Cordova in grammar, philofophy, theolo"-v, and 

 jurifprudence : the elements of his art he acquired of Don 

 Juan dc Valdes Seal, and to acquaint himfelf with the 

 ftyles of the different fchools, he went to Madrid in 1678. 

 Here he painted the gallery del Cierzo, and pleafcd the 

 king and the minifter, and in 1688 he was made painter to 

 the king. He was overwhelmed with commiffions, for 

 many of which he made only the defigns ; but whatever 

 was begun and terminated by himfelf in frefco, or in oil, 

 poflefles invention, defign, and colour, in the eftential, and 

 talle and fcience in the ornamental parts. His ftyle was 

 certainly more adapted to the demands of the epoch in 

 which he lived, than to thofe of the preceding one, and 

 probably would not have obtained from Murillio the praifes 

 laviflied on it by Lucca Jordano. 



Palomino may be confidered as the Vafari of Spain, 

 as copious, as credulous, and as negligent of dates, too 

 garrulous for energy, and too indefinite for the delineation 

 ot charafter, but eminently ufeful with the emendations of 

 modern and more accurate biographers. 



His literary work is divided into three parts, theoretical, 

 practical, and biographical. The two firft bear one title, 

 v'l^. " El mnfco Pittorico y efcala optica." The third 

 part, diftinguiflied by that of " El Parnaflb Efpanol Pin- 

 torefco laureada, &c." Madrid, 1724, though perhaps only 

 intended as an appendix to the two former, is by far the 

 moft important and interefting. 



PALOU, or Palo, 1. uh. add — pachahc of Erzeroom, 

 fituated on the edge of a mountain and the banks of the 

 Euphrates : the population amounts to about 8000 fouls, 

 Turks, Armenians, and Kurds : the river here is very rapid, 

 and from the bad conftruttion of the bridges made of wood, 

 whole caravans have been fwept away after the melting of 

 the fnow. The diftrift of Palo is four days' journey in 

 length and two in breadth. 



PANDEANS, 



