QUARANTINE. 



boai-d, and not producing the pvoper declaration or docu- 

 ment as to their growth, &c. 



Ships or veffels, with a clean bill of health, in ballait, or 

 whofe cargo (hall confill wholly of fait, (unlefs coming from 

 Turkey, or fome place in Africa within the ftreights of 

 Gibraltar, or in the Weft Barbary.) 



Ships and vefffls, which witli their cargoes (hall have per- 

 formed quarantine in the foreign lazarets, and produce 

 proper documents and vouchers attefting the fame. (Or 

 when goods, which have performed quarantine there, and 

 been carried to other countries, are afterwards brought 

 here. Treafury order. ) 



Ships and velTels rendered Hable folely by reafon of hav- 

 ing received on board by force, and againft the will of the 

 mafter and crew, any perfon from a veflel coming from or 

 having touched at an infefted place. 46 Geo. III. c. 98. 



fea. 4. 



Ships which have failed in ballaft from places confidered 

 liable to infedion, and which (hall afterwards bring a cargo 

 from a place not deemed liable to infection. Treafury 

 order. 



To prevent as much as poffible the plea of ignorance of 

 thefe laws, the order in council of 5th April 1 805 direfts, 

 (feft. 44.) that the collector of the port where any velTel 

 fhall clear out for the Mediterranean or Barbary coaft, or 

 any other place refpefting which an order in council is made, 

 (hall furnifh the mafter with an abftraft of the quarantine 

 regulations, and it is to remain up during the voyage in 

 fome confpicuous part of the (hip till his return, provided 

 he returns in twelve months. 



Ships of war which (hall meet any vefTel liable to quaran- 

 tine coming to any port in Great Britain, or the iflands of 

 Guernfey, &c. are to take care to prevent the landing of 

 any goods or perfons, &c. until they (hall be put under the 

 direction of the quarantine fuperintcndent, &c. (Seft. 46.) 

 And the commanders of (hips of war, and forts and garri- 

 fons on the fea coaft, and all juftices, mayors, (herifFs, bai!i(fs, 

 chief magiftrates, conftables, headboroughs and tythingmen, 

 &c. (hall be aiding and affifting to the fuperintcndent of quaran- 

 tine and his alTiftants, and to the oflicers of the cu(toms, 

 and in bringing fuch (hips to the places appointed for per- 

 formance of quarantine, as well as in the due perfonnance 

 of the fame. Order, feft. 48. 



The commiffioners of the cuftoms are ordered to ufe their 

 utmoft vigilance and care that the regulations of the afts 

 of parliament and orders in council be duly obferved (feft. 

 47.) ; and the lords of the treafury, the lord high admiral, 

 the lord warden of the cinque ports, and the mailer general 

 and principal officers of the ordinance, his majefty's fecretary 

 at war, and the governors and commanders-in-chief of the 

 faid ifles of Guernfey, &c. are to give the necefTary direc- 

 tions herein as to them may refpedtively appertain. Order 

 in council, feft. 50. 



It now remains to ftate the beft mode of fumigating 

 veffels and apartments infefted with infedious difeafes, and 

 to offer fuch hints as are applicable to the fubjeft. 



Odoriferous woods, gums, fweet herbs, and aromatics, 

 have been recommended as fumigations, but with little cer- 

 tainty as to their effefts ; perfumes ftill lefs fo ; belides 

 which, they rather conceal the mal-aria than correft con- 

 tagion. The evaporation of common vinegar by heat is 

 often employed as a fumigation, but it is not polTeded of 

 much power of diminilhing the fetid odour of putrid air. 

 The acetic acid or radical vinegar is better ; its powers are 

 however limited to a fmall fpace, and therefore, though it 

 may be ufeful about the perfons of thofe who attend the 

 fick, it is inadequate to the purification of large rooms. 



The ftronger and better fumigations are the nitrous or 

 marine acid, and the oxymuriatic acid vapour, the former 

 of which is made thus : half an ounce of nitre reduced to 

 powder and vitriolic acid (oil of vitriol) in equal quantities, 

 mixed in fmall pots, and placed in various parts of the 

 room. 



Oxymuriatic acid, which is moft powerful, is prepared 

 thus : 



Manganefe - - . - 2 parts. 



Common fait ... 4 parts. 



Vitriolic acid, fpecific gravity i .85 3 parts. 

 Water - . . - i part. 



To a fmall quantity of the mixture of the manganefe and 

 fait, (fuppofe three ounces,) the whole of the water is to be 

 added, (half an ounce,) and to this, in a pot large enough to 

 prevent the ebullition from flowing over, add the vitriolic 

 acid from time to time. This will keep up for twenty-four 

 hour* a difcharge of the oxygenated muriatic acid, of which 

 the fmell is not unpleafant, and the vapour gives no annoyance 

 to either the fick or the attendants. 



Where houfes or hofpitals are highly infected with the 

 plague, it will be necelTary for them to undergo a ftronger 

 fumigation of fidphur, but that being attended with danger 

 (hould only be done by perfons properly acquainted with 

 the manner of doing it ; they (hould afterwards be white- 

 wafhed, and the floors well fcoured. 



It may be itated once for all, that the great objeft of 

 quarantine laws is the feparating of thofe affefted, or fufpeft- 

 ed to be infefted with an infeftious diftemper, from thofe 

 who are not, and nothing would be fo falutary or abfo- 

 lutely neceffary, wherever the plague breaks out, as in- 

 ftantly feparating of the fick from thofe who are well ; and 

 this is beft done by removing them to a proper place, rather 

 than fulfering them to remain with their family, which too fre- 

 quently by that means becomes infeiEled alfo. 



Whatever is requifite to be done by way oi fumigation 

 will be found at large under that head ; the following pre- 

 cautions are, however, proper to be known. 



The clothes of the fick (hould at all times, when changed, 

 be removed by tongs, and not by handling, and (hould be 

 put into cold water and boiled for an hour, and afterwards 

 be well wafhed in wafhing machines, and then fumigated j 

 or they may be baked in an oven ; but the fafer mode would 

 be to have them deftroyed, efpecially if not valuable. 



Thofe who attend about the perfon of the fick, as well as 

 the medical men, (hould remain as fhort a fpace of time as is 

 confiftent with their duty, and to avoid as much as poffible all 

 contadl with his perfon or his bedding, clothes, &c. And 

 they might be furnilhed with gloves made of oiled filk, as 

 well as dreffes made of the fame article. The cup or glafs 

 out of which he drinks (hould be immediately plunged into 

 water or vinegar, as well as any article he touches or ufes. 

 Whatever he leaves of his meals (hould be burnt or wholly 

 deftroyed. The excrementitious difcharges fhould alfo be 

 received into cold water, and inftantly removed out of the 

 room. If the fick die, he (hould be immediately wrapped 

 in oiled cloth or a tarpaidin, and be fpeedily buried at the 

 depth of fix or feven feet ; which fliould be performed, with* 

 out buftle, in the night time, without toll of bell, to prevent 

 the alarming of others. 



With refpeft to the bed and bedding upon which the fick 

 has died, it would be beft to have it burnt immediately ; 

 at all events, it muft on no account be ufed till it has been 

 baked in an oven for twelve hours (being rolled up and 

 removed in a cart with every poffible care, that it be as little 

 handled as poffible). It fliould be afterwards expofed to 

 the open air for at leaft fourteen days before it is again ufed. 



Furniture 



