SAN 



noitring of ground ; the difpofition and movement of troops 

 under all the various circumftaiiees of ofTenfive and defenlive 

 war ; rules for eftimating the military refoiirces of a coun- 

 try ; and the German and French languages. 



There are fix profclTors in this department, wz. one 

 mathematics, &c, ; one fortification ; two military drawmg ; 

 one French ; one German. 



Public examinations on points of fcicnce are held halt 

 yearly, in prefence of the collegiate board, upon which 

 occafion one or more members of the fupreme board, not 

 being members of the collegiate board, attend. Thofe 

 officers who have gone through the regular courfe of ftudies, 

 and have paflTed that examination by which they may be 

 duly qualified for llafF appointments, receive certificates 

 thereof, figned by the board, and fealed with the feal of the 

 college. 



The junior department was firft eftablilhed at Great 

 Marlow in l8o2, (but has recently been removed to Sand- 

 hurd, near Baglhot,) to afford a provifion for the fons of 

 officers who have fallen, or been difabled, in the fervice of 

 their country ; and the means of education to the fons of 

 thofe officers who belong to any regular regiments. It 

 confirts of four companies, of 103 cadets each. They are 

 admitted upon three different ellablilhments, I'iz. 



I ft. Orphan fons of officers who have fallen or been dif- 

 abled in the fervice, are admitted free of expence, except in 

 bringing the firll fuit of uniform on their admiffion, and 

 keeping up their flock of linen during their refidence at 

 die college. They are provided with board, clothing, and 

 education, by the eftablilliment, free of charge. 



2d. The fons of officers aiflually ferving in regular regi- 

 ments of the line, who pay a certain fum per annum (from 

 10/. to 60/.) according to the rank of their fathers. 



3d. The fons of noblemen and gentlemen, who pay 100/. 

 J>er annum each. 



Applications for admiffion muft be addreffed to the 

 governor. — Every candidate previous to admiffion muft 

 pafs an examination in Latin and Englifh grammar, and the 

 firft four rules of arithmetic. No candidate can be admitted 

 who is under thirteen years of age, or above fifteen. 



There are examinations held monthly, vrhich are con- 

 dudlcd by the profeffors of the fenior department, to afcer- 

 tain the progrefs of each cadet, previous to his removal 

 from one clafs to another. There are alfo public half 

 yearly examinations upon the fame principle as thofe at the 

 fenior department, previous to the cadets receiving com- 

 miffions from the college ; and, according to their pro- 

 ficiency in the courfe of ftudies, they have certificates of 

 qualifications to ferve in the army as officers, granted to 

 them by the board of commiffioners, in whofe prefence the 

 examination takes place. 



The ftudies purfued at this department are as follows : 



Mathematics ; fortification ; military drawing ; landfcape 

 drawing ; hiftory, geography, and claffics ; French ; Ger- 

 man ; and fencing. 



There are feven mafters of mathematics ; four of fortifi- 

 cation ; five of military drawing ; three of landfcape draw- 

 ing ; four of hiftory, geography, and claffics ; fix of French ; 

 one of German ; three of fencing. 



Gentlemen cadets are allowed to purchafe commiffions at 

 any time during their continuance at the college ; but no 

 gentleman cadet can be recommended for a commiffion by 

 private mtcreft until he has made a certain progrefs in his 

 Itudies. See Woolwich and High Wycomb. 



SANDISTON, a town of Effex county, in New Jerfey, 

 having 703 inhabitanu. ^ 



S A 11 



SAND-STONE, 1. 10, r. to be vifible. In other fand- 



ftones, the grains, &c. 



SANDY Cheek. Add — Alfo, a townftiip of Mercer 

 county, in Pennfylvania, containing 327 inhabitants. 



Sandy Laie, a townfhip of Mercer county, in Pennfyl- 

 vania, having 403 inhabitants. 



SANGUISORBA. AddafterS.^^a„a/»_Mr.Parkes, 

 in his " Chemical Effays," (vol. v. p. 12.) informs us, on 

 the authority of a tanner, that there is more of the tanning 

 principle in the plant called burnet than in oak-bark. His 

 informant fuggefted, that it might be cultivated for cattle, 

 which (he fays) are fond of it, and ploughed up every three 

 years in order to coUeft together the root for the purpofe of 

 tanning. 



SANSANDING. Add— Sanfanding is called Badoo, 

 and in Park's laft miffiion to Africa is reprefented as a fmall 

 town, confifting of 300 huts ; another Badoo, N. of this, 

 k cMed San/ania. Sanfanding is faid to contain ll,ooo 

 inhabitants ; it has no public buildings, except the mofques, 

 two of which, though built of mud, are not inelegant. The 

 market-place is a large fquare, ftored with articles of mer- 

 chandize, and crowded with people. Some of the ftalls con- 

 tain nothing but feeds ; others, indigo in balls ; others, 

 wood-afties in balls ; others, Houffa and Jinnie cloth. Here 

 are alfo, antimony, fulphur, copper and filver rings and 

 bracelets, amber, filks from Morocco, tobacco and fait, 

 yellow leather, &c. &c. Park's Laft Miffion to Africa, 

 p. 216. 



SAP, Chemical Compofition of. Add — Dr. Prout has 

 examined the fap of the common vine. He found its fp. gr. 

 did not differ from that of common water. It did not affeft 

 litmus paper, and contained fo little of folid matter, that 2300 

 parts of it evaporated to drynefs left only one part of 

 refiduum, of which about half was carbonate of lime, and 

 the reft a peculiar vegetable matter infoluble in alcohol, 

 with traces of an alkali. 



SAPHIES, an African term which denotes certain 

 charms or amulets, which the negroes conftantly wear about 

 them. Thefe faphies are prayers, or rather fentences from 

 the Koran, which the Mahometan priefts write on fcraps of 

 paper, and fell to the fimple natives, who regard them as 

 poffeffing very extraordinary virtues. Some of the negroes 

 wear them to guard themfelves againft; the bite of fnakes 

 or alligators ; and in this cafe, the faphie is commonly 

 inclofed in a fnake's or alligator's (Itin, and tied round the 

 ankle. Others have recourfe to them in time of war, to 

 protedl their perfons againft hoftile weapons ; but the 

 common ufe to which thefe amulets are applied is to prevent 

 or cure bodily difeafes ; to preferve from hunger and thirfl, 

 and generally to conciliate the favour of fuperior powers 

 under all the circumftances and occurrences of life. 



Similar charms or amulets are common in all parts of 

 Africa, under the different denominations of domini, grigrt, 

 fetiche, &c. &c. 



SAPPHIRE. See Mineralogy, Mdencia. 

 SARASWATI, col. 2, 1. 23 from bottom, for creature 

 r. creative. Col. 3, 1. 8, for Jayatri r. Gayatri. Col. 5, 

 1. 1 1 from bottom, for painted r. pointed. 



SARATOGA, Lu/l. r. in 18 10; add— of whom 107 

 were flaves. 



SARKFOOT. Add— In 181 1 the parifh of Graitney 

 contained 333 houfes, and 1749 perfons ; viz. 797 males, 

 and 952 females. 



SAROS, 1. 4, add — Berofus ufed this period, and alfo 

 Neros and Sofos (which fee), in chronological calculations, 

 and fixing the epochas of his hiftory of Babylon. Ancient 

 author*, however, are not agreed as to the number of years 



contained 



