UNITED STATES. 



playing-cards, flioes, filk and thread lace, wire, fnuff, oil, 

 chocolate and powder mills, iron-works, and (litlii.g-mills, 

 and mills for fawing timber, grinding grain, and fulling 

 cloth, dillilleries, and glafs. In Rhode ifland, are ma- 

 nufaftured cotton, linen, and tow cloth, iron, rum, fpints, 

 paper, wool and cotton cards, fpcrmaceti, fugar, machines 

 for cutting fcrews, and furnaces for calling hollow ware. In 

 Coniiedicut, are manufaftured filk, wool, card-teeth (bent 

 and cut by a machine to the number of 86,000 in an hour,) 

 buttons, linen, cotton, glafs, fnuff, powder, iron, paper, 

 oil, and very fuperior tire-arms. In New York, are manu- 

 faftured wheel-carriages of all kinds, the common manufac- 

 tures, refined fugar, potters'-ware, umbrellas, mufical inllru- 

 ments, glafs, iron, and fteam-boats. In New Jerfey, are 

 numerous tanneries, leather manufaftories, iron-works, pow- 

 der-mills, cotton, paper, copper-mines, lead-mines, ftone and 

 flate quarries. In Pennfylvania, there are valuable collieries 

 on the Lehigh river, dillilleries, rope-walks, fugar-houfes, 

 hair-powder manufaftories, iron founderies, fliot manufac- 

 tories, fleam-engines, mill machinery, type-founderies, im- 

 provements in printing, and carpet manufaftory. In Dela- 

 ware, there are cotton and bolting cloth and powder manu- 

 faflories, fulling, fnuff, flitting, paper, grain and faw mills. 

 In Maryland, are iron-works, collieries, grifl-mills, glafs- 

 works, flills, paper-mills, and cotton. In Virginia, are lead- 

 mines, iron-mines, copper-mines, vafl collieries, and marble 

 quarries. In Kentucky, are manufaftured cotton, wire, 

 paper, and oil. In Ohio, fliip-building is carried to a great 

 extent. In North Carolina, the pitch-pine affords excellent 

 pitch, tar, turpentine, and lumber; alfo iron-works, and a 

 gold-mine, which has furnifhed the mint of the United 

 States with a confiderable quantity of virgin gold. In South 

 Carohna, are gold, filvcr, lead, black-lead, copper and iron 

 mines, and alfo pellucid llones of various hues, coarfe cor- 

 nehan, variegated marble, nitrous flone and fand, red and 

 yellow ochres, potters'-clay, fullers'-earth, and a number 

 of dye-fluffs, chalk, crude alum, fulphur, nitre, and vitriol. 

 In Georgia, the manufadlures are indigo, filk, and fago. In 

 Louifiana, are manufaftured cotton, wool, cordage, fliot, 

 and hair-powder. 



But the mofl extraordinary, and perhaps the moll im- 

 portant manufaclure in the United States, is that of fleam- 

 boats ; the firll application, if not invention, of which is 

 afcribed to Mr. Fulton. It was in the year 1807 that the 

 firft fteam-boat plied between the cities of New York and 

 Albany ; but fince that time this mode of navigation has 

 been fuccefsfuUy ufed in many other rivers of the United 

 States befides the Hudfon ; fo that fleam-boats now afcend 

 the MiflifTippi and Ohio rivers, hitherto nearly unnavigable, 

 except in the diredlion of their currents. The following 

 table fliews the cheapnefs, as well as expedition, of travel- 

 ling fincc food as well as conveyance is included. 



Expellee. Hours. i\liles. 

 O 13 96 



7 24 160 



From Philad.lphia to New York, by | ^ 

 fteam-boats and flages - -J '^' 



New York to Albany, by fteam-boats 



Albany to Whitehall, by ftages - g 12 70 



Whitehall to St. John's, by fteam-boats 9 26 ico 



St. John's to Montreal - - . n 4 57 



Montreal to Quebec, by fteam-boats 10 24 186 



47 103 699 



In the fpring of 1817, a fteam-boat reached Louif- 

 Tflle, in Kentucky, from Pittfliurg, in Pennfylvania, drop- 

 ping down the Ohio. She difplayed her power by different 



tacks in the ftrongeft current on the falls, and returned over 

 the falls, ftemming the current with eafe. About the fame 

 time, a large fleam-boat reached Louifville from N-^nv Orleans, 

 laden with fugar, coffee, wines, queen's-ware, raifms, fur, 

 fteel, lead, &c. ; her freight equaUing 25,000 dollars. 



As for the revenue of the United States we can only col- 

 led; a few particulars. We obferve in general, that the 

 national debt at prefent does not amount to 120 millions of 

 dollars. Its finking fund confills of an annual appropria- 

 tion of ^S'SjOOOjOOO, arifing from the interefl of the debt 

 redeemed, amounting in 1813 to ^^1,932,107 ; for the falesof 

 pubhc land, equal in that year to ^§'830,671 ; and from the 

 duties on imports and tonnage. The revenue of the United 

 States, previous to the late war againft England, were 

 derived from duties and taxes on imports, tonnage of fliips 

 and veffels, fpints diftilled within the United States, and 

 ftocks, poftage of letters, taxes on patents, dividends on 

 bank-ftock, fnuff manufadlured in the United States, fugar 

 refined here, fales at auilion, licences to retail wines and dif- 

 tilled fpirits, carriages for the conveyance of perfons, ftamped 

 paper, direft taxes, and fales of public lands. The revenues 

 have been chiefly derived from duties on imports and ton- 

 nages. Internal taxes have been laid at different periods by 

 the Wafhington adminiflratioii, but were all difcontinued by 

 an aft paffed April 1802, under the aufpices of Mr. Jef- 

 ferfon. The following ilatement exhibits the eftimated 

 receipts and expenditures of the United States at different 

 periods. 



The net amount of revenue received in 18 15 wag 

 ^50,906,106, being from cuftoms ^37,656,486 ; internal 

 duties, ^^5,963, 225 ; diredl tax, ^5,723,152 ; public lands 

 <^l, 287,959 ; poftage, &c. ^275,282. The report of the 

 fecretary of the treafury for the year 18 16 ftates, that on 

 the 1 2th of February 1 8 16, the whole of the public debt, 

 funded and floating, was ^123,630,692; but on the ift of 

 January 1817 did not exceed ^109,748,272, reducing the 

 debt from Feb. 12th, 1816, to Jan. ifl, 181 7,^' 13, 882, 42c. 

 The fecretary, in his Report of the 5th of December 1 81 7, 

 eftimates tne expenditure of the year 1 8 1 8 at ^2 1 ,946,3 3 I , 

 and leaves a balance in the treafui-y of ^8 578,648 on Jan. 

 ift, 1819. 



The American capital, confifting of perfonal property 

 <S^2, 200,000,000, and of real property ^5,000,000,000, 

 amounts to ^§^7, 200,000,000 ; the income, ^^00,000,000 ; 

 expenditure, ,^45,000,000 ; national debt, <^T 00,000,000. 



The falaries of the principal officers of the federal govern- 

 ment are as follow : 



Prefident, per annum 

 Vice-prefident, ditto 

 Secretary of ftate, ditto - 



Treafury, ditto - 



— War, ditto 



Navy, ditto 



Minifters plenipotentiary, ditto 

 Members of Congrefs, per day 



Dollars. 



25,000 = 5625/. 

 ■ 5000 == I I 25/. 

 5000 

 5000 

 4500 

 4500 

 9000 = 1822/. 1 



8 



For 



