I N G 



quality of deputy of health and fiid: confukant, that he put 



a (lop to the calamity, and relloiod the city to Iicalth, and 



was hailed by all the citizens, the Sicilian Hippocrates. 



Tiie magiftrates were fo grateful for his fervices, that they 



V )tcd him a reward of two hundred and fifty gold crowns 



?. : -ionth : but he difintereiledly declined to accept any more 



what ferved for the maintenance and decoration of the 



1 of St. Barbe, which he had biiik in tlie cloiller of 



Dominican convent of Palermo. He died greatly re- 



■_,: tted in i jSo. at the age of 70 years. 



I-grafTias cultivated anatomy witli great alliduity, and is 

 { lecmcd one of the improvers of that art, efpecially in 

 re.;ard to the ftrufture of tlie cranium, and the organ of 

 liearing. He difcovcred the fmall bone of the ear, called 

 tWjl.spes, which has been claimed as the difcovery of others, 

 br.t is admitted even by Fallopius to have been his. He 

 i'. fcrihed minutely the cavity of the tympanum, the feiie/lra 

 r:'-!r:Ja and ova/is, the cochlea, femicirculai' canals, malloid 

 Cells, S:c. ; and Eloy thinks, from a view of his plates, tliat 

 he was acquainted with the mufcle of the malhiis, the dif- 

 coverj- of which is afcribed to Eullachius. He is faid alfo 

 to have difcovored the feminal veficles He was author of 

 the following works : i. " Jatropologia ; Liber quo multa 

 adverfus Barbaros Medicos difputantur," Venice, 1544, 

 IJ58, Svc — 2. " Scholia in Jatropologiam," Naples, 1J49, 

 8vo. — 3. " De Tumoribus prxter naturam," ibid. 155J, 

 folio, vol. i. This is properly a commentary on fome of 

 the books of Avicenna.— 4. " Raggionamento fatto fopra 

 I'infermita epideniica dell' anno IJ58," Palermo, ij6o, 

 4to., together with " Trattato di due moftri nati in Palermo 

 in diverfi tempi." — j. " Conltitiitiones et Capitula, necnon 

 Jurifdic\iones Regii Proto-Medicatus officii, cum Pan- 

 deftis ejufdem reformatio," Palermo, 1564, 1657, 410. — 

 6. " Qusftio de purgatione per medicamentum, atque obiter 

 etiam de fanguinis miffione, an fexta die poffit fieri," Ve- 

 nice, 1568, 4to. — 7. " Galeni Ars Medica," ibid. IJ73, 

 folio. — 8. " De frigidae potu pod medicamentum purgans 

 Epiftola," ibid, l^'^, 4(0., reprinted at Milan, 1586. — 

 9. " Informatione del pellifero e contagiofo morbo, il quale 

 afflige e habe afflito la citta di Palermo, e molte altre citta 

 e terre del regno di Sicilia, nell' anno 1575 c 1576," Pa- 

 lermo, 1576, 4to. This work was tr.inflated into Latin 

 by Joachim Camerarius, and publifhed under the title of 

 " Methodus curandi pelliferum contagiuni," at Nurimberg, 

 1583. — 10. " Li Galeni Librum de offibus doftiillma et 

 expertiffima Commentaria,"apollhumous publication, printed 

 at Meffina, in I'Soj, under the infpedlion of his nepliew, 

 Nicholas Ingraffias. This, which may be deemed the prin- 

 cipal work of Ingraffias, contains the text of Galen, in 

 Greek and Latin, with a very difFufe and learned commen- 

 tary, in which there is much minute and accurate defcrip- 

 tion, particularly of the parts belonging to the organ of 

 hearing. The figures arc thofe of Vefalius. The author 

 defends Galen as far as he is able, but not againft the truth 

 of modern difcovery. See Eloy. Dift. Hift. Gen. Biog. 

 Haller Bibl. Anatom. 



INGRAVING, or Ekgiiaving. See EvGnAviNG. 



INGRE, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Loiret, and chief place of a canton, in the 

 diftricl of Orleans ; four miles N. \V. of Orleans. The 

 place contains 2905, and the canton 10,810 inhabitants, in 

 a territery of 16 kiliometrcs, in 10 communes. 



INGREDIENTS, all the fimples which go into the com- 

 pofition of any medicine, ointment, fauce, or the like. 



INGRESS, in yijbronomy, tlie fun's entering the firft 

 fcruple of one of the four cardinal figns, efpecially Aries. 



liJGKESS, Egrefs, and Rcgrtfs, in Law, are words in 



country 



I N G 



leafes of land, fignifying a free entry into, a Foiiig out of 

 and returning from fome part of the' premifcs leafed to 

 another ; as to get in a crop of corn, &c. after the term 

 expired. 



INGRESSLT, a writ of entry, whereby a perfon feeks 

 entry into lands or tenements. It lies in various cafes, 

 and has various forms. It is alfo called precipe quod 

 redjat. 



INGRIA, or In-gek.manl.\xd, \n Geography, that part 

 of RufTia, wliich was wrelled by Peter the Great from the 

 Swedes, and confirmed to Ruffia at the peace of Nyftadt in 

 1721. It is now called the " Government of St. Peterfburtr ;' 

 which fee. ^ 



INGRIN, or Grain-, a town of Africa, in the 

 of the Fonlahs ; 30 miles S.W. of Cavor. 



INGROSSATOR Magni Rotu/i,'k the fame as clerk 

 of the pipe. 



INGROSSER, or Esgkos.skr, in Common Law, is one 

 who buys up corn growing, or any provifions by wholefale, 

 before the market, to fell again. See Foue.st,vj,i,ing. 



It alfo fignities a clerk, who writes records, or inilrumenta 

 of law, on fkins of parchment. See Engiiossing. 



INGROSSING of a Fin.; is the making the indentures 

 by the chirographer, for delivery of them to the party to 

 whom the fine is levied. 



INGROWITZ, in Geography, a town of Moravia, in 

 the circle of Brunn ; 30 miles N.N.W. of Brunn. N. lat. 

 49' 36'. E. long. 16 2'. 



INGSKAR, a fmall idand in the gulf of Bothnia. N. 

 lat. 61 1 j'. E. long. 17 54'. 



INGUE-LOUKA, a town of Chinefe Tartary. N. lat. 

 42" l6'. E.lung. 124" 44'. 



INGUEN, in Amilomy, the technical term for the groin. 



INGUIMBERTI, Do.MiNic-JosEPii-MAnv d', in Bio- 

 graphy, a learned French prelate, was born at Charpentras 

 in 1683. He devoted himfelf from a verv- early age to the 

 ecclefiallical profeffion, became a member of the Dominicans, 

 and afterwards joined the Cillercians, in order that he might 

 fubmit to what he conceived the more perfccl rules of nio- 

 nallic difcipline. In this lad order his merits raifed him to 

 the highell offices of honour and confidence. Being deputed 

 to Rome on the bufincfs of his monailein-, he fo highly re- 

 commended himfelf to the citeem of pope Clement XII. 

 that in the year 1733, he was raifed to the rank of biffiop of 

 Charpentras, and other ecclefiallical preferment. He died 

 in the year 1757, and is known in the republic of letters by 

 feveral original works, and tranflations of others. As a 

 bifhop he obtained univerial refpeft, and employed his wealth 

 in ferving the pubhc and in relieving the poor. He built a 

 large and noble hofpital, and he collected the mod extenlive 

 and valuable library in Provence, which he gave for the ufe 

 of the public. 



INGUINAL Gi\ym, in Surgery. See Glands. 



Inguinal Hernia, a rupture, or protrufion of the boweb 

 at the abdominal ring; a bubonocele. See Hernia. 



Inglinal Ligament. This, which has been alfo called 

 from its difcoverer ligamentum Fallopii, is an aponeurotic, 

 or ligamentary band, fadcned by one end to the anterior 

 and hiperior part of the os ilium, and by the other to the 

 fpine of the os pubis. The middle portion of it is very 

 narrow, but it expands confiderably towards both its ex- 

 tremities. It is clofely joined to the mufcles of the abdo- 

 men, and to the aponeurotic fafcia of the thigh, but leems 

 to be often v.-anting. 



INGUINALIS, in Anatomy, an epithet fometimes ap- 

 plied to the external iliac artery and vein. 



INGUL, 



