JONES. 



in London, near the end of the 17th century, and was 

 author of the following publications : 1 . «' Novarum Difler- 

 tationum de morbis abftrufioribus Traftatus primus, de 

 Fcbribus intermittentibus. In quo obiter de Fcbris continue 

 natura cxplicatur,'' Lond. 1683 ; 2. " De morbis Hiber- 

 norum et de Dyfenteria Hibcrnica,"' ib. 1698. ; " The 

 Myfteries of Opium revealed," ib. 1701. Eloy. Dift. 

 Hift. 



Jones:, Ikiso, an eminent architect, was born in London 

 about the year 1572. He was probably intended for a 

 mechanical employment, but his talent for tlic line arts at- 

 trafted the notice of fome conliderable perfons about the 

 court, among whom were the earls of Arundel and Pem- 

 broke. To the latter of thefe noblemen he was indebted 

 for that degree of patronage which enabled him to vifit 

 Italy for the purpofe of perfefting himfelf in lar.dfcape- 

 paiiiting, to which his genius feemed firll to point. He 

 took up his refidence chiefly at Venice, where it is faid tlie 

 works of Palladio gave him a turn to the ftudy of archi- 

 te<fture, which branch of art he made his profeflion. He 

 was invited by Chriftian IV. king of Denmark, to under- 

 take the office of his firft architedl. Having been fome 

 years in the fervice of that fovereign, he accompanied him, 

 in 1606, on a vifit to his brother-in-law, king James; aid, 

 expreffing a defire of remaining in his native country, he 

 was appointed architeft to the queen. He ferved prince 

 Henry in tlie fame capacity, and obtained a grant, in re- 

 verfion, of the place of furveyor-general of the works. 

 After the death of the prince, Mr. Jones vifited Italy again, 

 and fpent fome years there in improving himfelf in his art. 

 On his return he undertook the duties of the office c-f furveyor- 

 general, and finding the Board of Works mucli in debt, he 

 relinquirtied his own dues, and prevailed upon the other 

 principal officers to do the fame, till all arrears were cleared. 

 In 1620 the king fent him to inveftigate the nature and pur- 

 pofe of that remarkable antiquity, Stonehenge ; and he 

 wrote a treatife to prove that it was the work of the Ro- 

 mans, but he made no converts to this opinion. He was 

 now employed in building the banquctting-lioufe at Wiiite- 

 liall, which remains a model of the pure and elegant tafte 

 of thearchiteft. He was likewife appointed a commiflioner 

 for repairing the cathedral of St, Paul's, which office, as 

 well as his other pods, was continued to him under the 

 reign of Charles I. The repairs of St. Paul's did not 

 commence till 1633 ; and he is accufed of having com- 

 mitted, in that undertaking, fome capital faults by mixing 

 the Roman and Grecian Ityle with the Gothic. He had 

 much employment both from the court and nobility, and 

 realized a handfomcf tune, which was diminiflied by his 

 fufferings during the troubles which fucceeded. He was 

 obnoxious as a favourite of his royal mailer, and as a Roman 

 Catholic. He was firft attacked in 1640, when he was 

 called before the houfe of lords, on a complaint of the 

 pariffiioners of St. Gregory's, for demolifhing part of their 

 church, in order to make room for his additions to St. Paul's. 

 He was fined, in 1646, 545/. as a mahgnant. He was much 

 afflifted by the king's death, and died, worn down by grief 

 and misfortune, in July 165 1. He was the greateft Englifh 

 architeA previoufly to fir Chriftopher Wren. A colledlion of 

 his defigos was engraved and publithed by Mr. Kent, in two 

 volumes folio, 1727. Others were pubhflied in 1743 and 

 1 744, A copy of Palladio'e architecture, with manufcript 

 notes by Mr. Jones, is in tlie library of Worceller college, 

 Oxford. Biog. Brit. 



JoNKS, William, father of fir WiUiam, llie fubjeft of 

 the next article, was born in the year 1680, in the ifland of 

 Anglelev, North Wales. His parents were yeomen, or 



Vo;.. XIX. 



little farmers, in that ifland, and gave to tiieir Ton tlie bcft. 

 education which their circumftances would allow ; but he 

 owed his future fame and fortune to the diligent cultivation 

 of the intclleflual powers by which he was eminently dif- 

 tinguiflied. Addided from early life to the iludy of ma- 

 thematics, he commenced his career of advancement in the 

 humble oflice of a teacher of thefe fciences on board a man 

 of war. In this fituation he attrafted the notice, and obtahicd 

 the friendfliip of lord Anfon. He appeared as an autlior in 

 his 22d year ; wlicn his treatife on the art of navigation was 

 much approved. We may judge of his predominant tafte 

 for literature and fcience by a trivi.il circumftance which 

 occurred at the capture of Vigo, in 1702. Having joined 

 his comrades in pillaging ths to.vn, hefclefted a booklcller's 

 ftiop, in hope of obtaining fome valuable plunder ; but, dif- 

 appointed in his expe£tations, he took up a pair of fcifTors, 

 which was his only booty, and which he afterwards exhibited 

 to his friends as a trophy of his military fuccefs. On his 

 return to England, he eftabbdied himfelf as a teaclier of ma- 

 thematics in London ; and here, at the age of 26 years, he 

 publiflied his •' Synopfis PalmariorL-m Mathcfeos ;" a work 

 which has ever fince been held iu the higheft eftimation 

 as a compendious b-.t comprehenfivc fummary of mathe- 

 matical fcience, Mr. Jones was no lefs efteemed and reipefted 

 on account of his private cbatatter and pleafir.g manners, 

 than fc* his natural iaL-nls and (cientific attainments ; fo 

 that ho reckoned among bis frie:ids the moft eminent per- 

 fons of the period in v/h'ch lie lived. Lord Hitrdwicke 

 feleittcd him as a companion nn the circuit, when he was 

 chief juftice ; and when he aftsrwards held the great f.-al, 

 conferred upon him the office of fecretary for the peace, as 

 a teftirnony of his friendfhip and regard. He was alfo in 

 habits of intimate acqi;.;lntance with lord Parker, prefident 

 of the Royal Society, fir Ifaac Newton, Halley, M-rd, and 

 Samuel Johnfon. So highly was his merit appretiated kr 

 fir Ifaac Newton, that he prepared, with, his penniffion, 

 and very much to his fatisfaClion, a very elegant edition of 

 fmall tracts in the higher mathematics. Upon the retire- 

 ment of lord Macclesfield to Sherborne caftle, Mr. Jcncs 

 refided in his family, and inftrucled his lordfliip in che 

 fciences. Whilft he occupied this fituation he had th^> 

 misfortune, by the failure of a banker, to lofe the greateft 

 part of that property which he had accumulated by the 

 moft laudable induftry and economy ; but the lo!s was in a 

 great i^eafure repaired to him by the kind attention of his 

 lordlhip, who procured for himafinecure place of coeiidcrabic 

 emolument. He was afterwards oflered, by the fan.c noble-, 

 man, a more lucrative fituation ; which, howevei, he declined, 

 that he might be more at leifure to devote himfelf lo his 

 favourite fcientific purfuits. In this retreat he formed an 

 acquaintance with Mifs Mary Nix, the daughter of a cabinet- 

 maker, who had become eminent in his profeffion, and 

 whofe talents and manners had recommended him to an 

 intimacy with lord Macclesfield. This acquaintance ter- 

 minated in marriage ; and the conneAion proved a fource 

 of perfonal fatisfaction to Mr- Jones himfelf, and of per- 

 manent honour to his name and family. By this lady Mr. 

 Jones had three children ; two fons and a daughter. One 

 fon died in infancy ; the other will be the fubjeCt of the 

 next article ; and the daughter, who was married to Mr. 

 Rainsfjid, an opulent merchant retired from bufincfs, pcfifhcd 

 mifeiably, in the year 1802, in confequence of her clothes 

 accidentally taking fire. The death of Mr. Jones was oc- 

 cafioned by a polypus in the heart, which, notwithftanding 

 the medical attention and affiftance of Dr. Mead, proved 

 incurable. Of the fingular felf-poffeflion and promj til udc of 

 Mrs. Joi.es, the following anecdote is related. A friend, 

 3 A «ha 



