JOURNAL. 



In all fea-journals, the day, or what is called the twenty- 

 four hours, begms at noon, and is counted thence twenty- 

 four hours to the next noon : the firll twelve hours, from 

 noon to midnight, are marked with P. M. fignifying after 

 mid-day ; and the fecond twelve hours from midnight to 

 noon are marked with A. M. fignifying after midnight ; fo 

 that the (hip account is twelve hours earlier than the fhore 

 account of time. There are various ways of keeping jour- 

 nals, according to the different notions of mariners con- 

 cemiii<r the articles that are to be entered. Some writers 



diretl the keeping fuch a kind of journal as is only aft' 

 abllradl of each day's tranfaclions, fpecifying the weatherj. 

 what rtiips or lands were feen, accidents on board, the lati- 

 tude, longitude, meridional diftance, coiirle, and nm. Thefe- 

 particulars are to be drawn from the (hip's log-book, or 

 from that kept by the perfon himftlf. Other autliors re- 

 commend the keeping only of one account, including the 

 logbook, and all the work of each day, with the deductions 

 drawn from it. The form of the latter kind of journal, witlt 

 an example of the work of a (ingle day, is as fvlbws : 



AbilraiTt of a Journal from England towards Madeira, 



Remarks on BuarJ. 



Courfes. 



N.W.byW.iW. 



Leeway. 



S. J W. 



Leeway. 

 W. S. W. i W. 



Leeway. 

 N.N.E. iE. 



Leeway. 



S. W. 



Leeway. 



S. W. I W. 



2 points. 

 N.E. 4 E. 



o point. 

 S. J W. 



2 points. 



S. i w. 



point. 

 S.S.E. 



1 ^ point. 



Traverfe Tables. 



N.VV. i W. 



S. I E. 



W. by S. 



N. by E. 

 S. W. 1 W. 



33.6 



35.8 

 6,6 



37.6 



D. L 24,4 



W. 



29'7 

 33.6 

 4h5 



Dep. 



IC4,8 



94.7 



Lizard's latitude 

 Ship's latitude 



Diff. latitude 

 Or 

 Lizard's longitude 

 Ship's longitude 



= 49" ?7' >•'• 347° 



= 40' 52' N. 2691 



= 9% 



= CC4 miles. 



= 5 14'W. 



= 15'39'W. 



779 



DifF. lonjT. =^ 9^ 2^' = 565 



Lizard bears N. 37" 45' E. 



Dilhince 685 miles. 



Ti-. 13th of Oilober. 



Thefe twenty-four hours hard gale?, and cloudy, weather 

 accompanied with hard rains. 



Handed fore-top-fails. 



At 10 P. M. heard a gun at a dillance. 



At 2 A. M. faw to the N. N. E. i E. the fla(h of a gun, 

 and after (ifty-fix beats of the pulfe at the wrift, we heard 

 the found, by which we judged the diilance to be about 

 eleven miles, and a (liip in dillrefs. Bore away to (peak 

 with her. 



At fix, having greatly over-run the diftance, and finding 

 nothing, concluded (he was gone down, fo hauled our wind, 

 and (tood to th 



S.W. 



No obfervations this day. 

 Variation of i J point well. 

 Departure, latitude 

 Difference of latitude 

 Prefent latitude 

 Sum of latitudes 

 Middle latitude 

 Departure, longitude 

 Difference of longitude 

 Prefent longitude 



Madeira's latitude 

 Ship's latitude 



DiJf. of latitude 

 Or 

 Madeira's longitude 

 Ship s longitude 



41 



16' N. 



o 24' S. 

 40= 52' N. 

 82° 08' 

 41° 04' 

 i3=33'W. 



2 06' W. 

 15" 39' W. 



32" 38' N. 2C7,:? 



40° 52' N. 2691 



8' 14' 618 



494 miles. 

 16 51' W. 

 15 39'W. 



DitT. longitude 

 Madeira bears 

 Diflant 505 mile 



(j° 30' W. 



