I p II 



Iialf of a jrrah was given every four hours, till it effedled a 

 cure. Thele fmall dofes are likewifc found of great ufe in 

 catarrhal ar.d even con fumptive cafes, as well as in various 

 ftates of fever. Dr. CuUen (Mat. Med. vol. ii.) infonns 

 us, that he knew a praAitioner who cured interuiittents by 

 giving five grains of ipecacuanha, or enough to excite 

 naufea, an hour before the accefflon of the fit was cxpcAcd ; 

 and that Dr. Thonnpfon, formerly of Montroie, propofed 

 to care agues by the employment of cinetics given at the 

 time of acceflion, or at the end of the cold llage ; and this 

 practice has alfo been fuccefsfitl, and may indeed be exe- 

 ci:ted by tartar emetic : but in trying fuch prafliccs, the 

 ipecacuanha was found more manageable than the other, 

 and generally more eafy to the patient. Woodv. Med. 

 Bor. 



Ii'EfTACUAXHA, Bajlard, in Bofany, is a fpecies of afvh- 

 fiiis. or fwalio;v-wort. 



IPECAcuAKirA, Falje, or Dr. Tinkar's weed, from his 

 having been one of the firft ptrfons who brougiit the root 

 into trie. See T.iiosTeUm. 



IPECA-GUAC.^, in Ornithohgy, the name of a Bra- 

 filian fpecies of duck. It is of a middle fizc between the 

 duck a:id g»oft, and is kept tame there for breeding and 

 e<tting. It will fatten as well on dry land as when it has the 

 ufe of water, and lays a vaft nnmber of eggs. 



IPECATI-APOA, the name of a Bvafilian fpecies of 

 d'.!ck called pi'ta by the Portuguefe ; the word in that lan- 

 guage exprelfmg goo.'e. It is nearly of the fize of the goofe, 

 but is exadlly of the fliape and figure of the common duck. 

 It is very common in the Brafilian rivers, and is flcfliy and 

 well tailed. 



IPECU, the nam.e of a Brafilian bird of the wood-pecker 

 kir.d, called by Mr. Ray, pkus varius Brajil'icnfs. It is of 

 the fize of a common pigeon. Its beak is itraight, and very 

 hard and (harp, and it pierces the bark and wood of trees 

 with it, in the fame manner as the European kinds. See 

 Pifis HnmIus. 



IPEK, in Geography, a river of Servin, v.hich rifes in 

 mo'.:nt Hsmus, and riins into the Danube, near Galom- 

 batz. 



IPERSHEIM, a town of Germany, in the county of 

 Sc^warzenburg ; 13 miles S.W. of Schainfeld. 



IPERUQUIBA, in Ichthyology, a name by which fome 

 have called the remora, or fucking-fifh ; called alfo by tlie 

 Portuguefe, f'texe pogador, and pkxe ptollho. See Echi- 

 nus. 



IPHICRATES, in Biography, a celebrated Athenian 

 gen&ral, was born in a humble rank of life ; hut by improv- 

 ing the fituation in which he was thrown, he, at an early 

 age, raifed himfeif to a high military command. As he ad- 

 vanced in the army, he fhewed himfeif a ftricl difcipliRarian, 

 and attentive to every circumftance of military improvement. 

 He made war againft the Thracians, obtained fome viftories 

 over the Spartans, and affiiled the Perfian king againft 

 Eg)'pt. He changed the drefs and arms of his foldiers, and 

 rendered them more alert and expeditious in ufing their 

 weapons. In the focial war, a fleet Avas fitted out by the 

 Athenians for the recovery of Byzantium, under the joint 

 commands of Iphicrates, Timotheus, and Chares. The 

 two former differed from the latter on his propofal to attack 

 the enemy's fliet during a violent llorm, and were in con- 

 fequence charged by him with treafonable intentions. They 

 were recalled by the people of Athens, and publicly profe- 

 cuted. Timotheus was condemned, and went into exile : 

 Jphicrates defended himfolf with great fpirit, and was ac- 

 quitted. He was indebted for this not only to his elo- 

 quence, but to the menacing appearance, round the tribunal, 



1 P 



of feveral militaty pavtizans. Wlien reproached for allowtnir 

 and encouraging fo violent a proceeding, he replied, " i 

 have long borne arms for the fafety ot my country, and 

 fliould be a great fool not to employ them 'to fave myfelf." 

 From this time, however, he ceafed to ferve in the army. 

 He lived to a great age, and faw his countrymen fully re- 

 conciled to him. He left one fon, named Monetheus, by 

 the daughter of the king of Tlu-ace. Uiiiver. Hift. Corn. 

 Nepos. 



II'HOFEN, in Geography, a town of Germany, in the 

 duchy of Wurzburg ; 15 miles E.S.E. of Wurxburg. 



IPIALES, a town of South America, in tlie province 

 of Popayan ; 36 miles S. of Pafto. 



IPOMOiA, in Botany, fo cal'ed by Einnaeus, from .4, 

 which he unaccountably miflakes for the Convolvulus plant, 

 whereas it means a creeping fort of worm that infefls and 

 corrodes vines ; and Iftoic:, I'th. By this appellation he 

 evidently intended to exprefs the clofc rclemblance of 

 Jpomaa to the genus Coni-ohulus, with which it agrees in 

 habit altogether. Linn. Gen. 87. Schreb. 116. U'illd. 

 Sp. PI. v. I. 879. Mart. Mill. Dia. v. 2. Ait. Hort. 

 Kew. ed 2. v. i. 338. Brown. Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 

 484. JufT. 134. Lamark lUullr. t. 104. (Quamoclit; 

 Toum. t. 39.) Clafs and order, Pentandria Alonogynia. 

 Nat. Ord. Cc.mpanacc«, Linn. Coti'Ml-culi, JulT. 



Gen. Ch. Cat. Perianth inferior, oblong, fmall, ifi five 

 deep fegments, without any appendages, permanent. Cor. 

 of one petal, funnel-fi-.aped, or bell-diaped ; tube fomewliat 

 cylindrical, very long ; hmb five-cleft, fpreading, with five 

 plaits. Stain. Filaments five, anl-fhaptd, nearly the length 

 of the corolla ; anthers roundifli. Pi/! Germen fuperior. 

 roundifli; llyle thread-fliaped, the length of the corolla; 

 fligma capitate, nearly globofe, in two or three lobes. 

 Peric. Capfule roundifli, of two or three ctHs. Seeds few, 

 large, roundifli, fometimes hairy. 



Efl". Ch. Calyx dt-eply five-cleft, naked. Corolla with 

 five plaits, fomewhat funnel-fliaped. Stigma capitate and 

 globofe, lobcd. Capfule of two or three ceils. Seeds two 

 in each cell. 



A large geiiu-s, more corredly difl;inguiihed from Con- 

 vohuhis by the globofe form of its ftigma, than by the more 

 narrow or tubular fliapc of the corolla. For want of at- 

 tending to this, Linnseus and others have mifplaced feveral 

 fpecies. .Tacquin in his CoUedr.nca, v. 3. 303, has called the 

 attention of botanifts to this fubjecl, and Mr. R. Brown in 

 his Prodromus has recently thrown further light upon it, in- 

 dicating, moreover, the want of brafteas or appendages to 

 the calyx in Ipomaa, which are found in Ccnvihldus. 



Examples of Ipomcca, eminent for their beauty, are 

 I. Quamoclit, Linn. Sp. PI. 227. Curt. Mag. t. 244, a 

 native of the Eail Indies, remarkable for its finely peftinaieii 

 leaves, and rich crimfon bbflinr.s : — I. cocdnea, Linn. Sp; 

 PI. 2 2«, Curt. Mag. t. 221, found in the Weft Indies, 

 and eallly cultivated, as an annual, in our gardens ; — \.-\Bona 

 mx, Linn. Sp. PI. 228. Curt. Mag. t. 752, found aU'o ia 

 the Weft Indies, and rarely fccn with us. The tl.nVars 0/ 

 the iaft are large and white ; we fliould from the nanVc, as 

 well as their appearance, guefs them to be fra^tnint in tift 

 evening; 



IpoMCEA, in Gnrdeti'mg, comprehends plant.^ of die her- 

 baceous flowery kinds; of which the fpecies chielly cuUi- 

 vated are the winged-leaved ipomoea (I. quamoclit), and 

 the fcarlet-flowcrcd ipomoea (I. coccinea). 



Of the iecond fpecies there is a variety vritli orange co^ 

 loured flowers. 



Method of Culture Tiiefe plants are increafed by fowtiig 



the well-ripenedfceds in fmall pots, plunging them in a.uiilil 

 3E2 hot -bod. 



