I s s 



both fides of the flreets, and the frequent waterings of them, 

 contribute not only to its beauty, but its falubrity. The 

 royal fquare is 440 paces long, and 160 broad, and is lur- 

 rounded with a canal built with bricks, cemented with black 

 mortar, which in time becomes harder than free-ftone. The 

 royal mofque is fituated at the S. end of this fquare, and its 

 portico is richly ornamented with a thoufand figures of a rich 

 profufion of gold and azure ; the whole being alfo inlaid 

 with enamelled fquarcs, and a frieze encompaffing it of tlie 

 fame materials. The royal palace, and the " haram," or 

 •vvpmen's apartment, are very fpler.did buildings. The for- 

 mer is nearly five miles in compafs ; its great portico Ihmds 

 in the royal fquare, and is built to a great height with por- 

 phyry. By the Perfians it is regarded as facrcd. The 

 fuburb of Julfa, or Yulfa, was very large, and poffefTed by 

 the Armenians, whofe cemetery was near the mountains of 

 Ifpahan, called Kou Sofa, or a mountain in the form of a 

 terrace, and alfo Tag Rudan, the hill or throne of Ruftan. 

 This city is faid to be encompaffed by 1460 villages, the 

 inhabitants of which fubfiil chiefly by their manufactures of 

 filk and wool. Its environs are pleafant, and much diverfified 

 by the vicinity of mountains. Upahan was taken by Timur 

 Bee in the year 1387 ; when the inhabitants ranfoined their 

 lives by the payment of a large fum ; but an infurreflion 

 happening in the night, Timur ordered all the inhabitants to 

 be put to the fvv'ord ; and in this mafTacre it is computed 

 that 70,000 perfons were killed by the foldiers, and their 

 heads piled in heaps on the walls of the city. In 1722, it 

 ■was taken by the Afghans, under Mahmoud, after a lorg 

 fiege, which occafioned'the death of many of its inhabitants 

 by famine. In 1727 it was recovered from tlie Afghans by 

 Nadir Shah. By thefe repeated attacks, Ifpahan was 

 f^reatly reduced, fo that a Perfian merchsnt allured Mr. 

 Hanway that not above 5000 houfes were inhabited. N. 

 lat. jz-' 24' 34". E. long, ^v- 50'. 



ISPIDA, or K1KG-FI.SHEK, in Ornithology. See Ar.- 

 CEDO. 



ISPIRA, in Geography, a town of Turkifli Armenia; 

 74 miles N.E. of Erzerum. 



ISQUINTIA, a town of Mexico, in the province of 

 Guatimala ; 30 miles W.N.W. of Guatimala. N. lat. 

 •14" 32'. W. long. 93. 



ISQUITENANGO, a town of Mexico, in the pro- 

 vince of Yucatan ; f;0 miles S. of Chiapa dos Efoagnols. 



ISQUITEPIC, a town of Mexico, in the province of 

 Guaxac^ ; 40 miles W.N.W, of Guaxaca. 



ISRAEL, in Scripture Htjlory, Heb. ^{^liyS who 

 prevails with God, formed of n~iJJ*,_y?w«A, to govern, and 

 *7Jsf, el, God, a name given to the patriarch Jacob by the 

 angel who wrelUed with him at Mahanaim, or Penucl, 

 Gen. xxxii. I, 2. 28, 29, 30. This name was afterwards 

 apphedto the defcendents of Jacob in general, hence called 

 Ifraelites, as well as to Jacob himfelf, and alfo to the ten 

 tribes who formed a kingdom dillintt from that of Judah.. 

 Thefe tribes revolted during the reign of Rehoboam, under 

 the conduft of Jeroboam, who became head of this new 

 monarchy, ftylcd "the kingdom of Ifrael" in oppoficion 

 to that of Judah. See Jew.s. 



ISSA, in Ancient Geography, a town of the ifland of 

 Lcfljos ; more anciently called Himcra. — Alfo, an ifland of 

 Illyria, in the Adriatic gulf, upon the coall of Dalmatia, 

 witli a town of the fame name. Strabo mentions it as a very 

 celebrated ifland. 



ISSACHAR, one of the tv.'elve tribes of Ifrael, derived 

 from the fifth fon of Jacob, whofe lot was affigned to him 

 in one of the bcft parts of the land of Canaan. It was 

 fituated in Lower Galilee, and bounded by the Meditcr- 



rrmean on the W., by Zebulon on the N., by the Jordan on 

 the E., which parted it from that of Gad, and on the S. by 

 the half tribe of Manafleh. Its moil remarkable places were 

 mounts Carmel and Gilboah, the valley of Jezreel, and 

 the great plain of Megiddo, called alfo the plain of Galilee, 

 and now Saba, from a cadle built -upon it, and famed, hke 

 that of Jezreel, for the many battles fought upon it;, and 

 alfo for the abundance of corn, wine, oil, &c. which it pro- 

 duced. 



ISSAGUNGE, in Geography, a town of Plindooflan, 

 in Oude ; sc miles N.E. of Kairabad. 



ISSAPOUR, a town of Hindoollan, in Oude ; 25 miles 

 N.E. of Lucknow. 



ISSAW^RRA, a town of Hindooflan, in Oude; 15 

 miles S.E. of Kairabad. 



ISSE He.\d, a cape of Denmark, at the northern cxtre- 

 in.ity of the ifland of Samfoe. N. lat. 56 3'. E. long. lo"' 

 26'. 



ISSEDGN, or Essedon, in Ancient Geography, a town 

 of Scythia, on tlie other fide of the Imaus. — Alfo, a town 

 of Serica, fituated E.N E. of the former. 



ISSEDONES, or E.S.SEDONES, a people of Serica ac- 

 cording to Ptolemy ; but Pomponius Mela places them in 

 the vicinity of the Palus-Mjeotides ; Pliny joins them to tlie 

 Sauromatre, a'ld afTigns them an habitation near the Col- 

 chide. Herodotus fpeaks of IfTidones as neighbours to the 

 Maifagetas, as a numerous people, and living to the W. of 

 the Cafpian fea. Herodotus, who fpeaks of the cuftoms 

 and religion of the IfTidones (1. iv.), fays, that when any one 

 of them has loft his father, all his relations bring him a num- 

 ber of cattle, whofe carcafles they cut in pieces, and in the 

 fame manner cutting the body of the deceated father, they 

 mix all the pieces of flefli together, and fervc them up at an 

 entertainment, referving only the head of the doceafed pa- 

 rent, which they fet in gold, and ufe as an idol, to which 

 they every year offer folemn facrifices. 



ISSELBURG, in Geography, a town of the duchy of 

 Cleves, on the Iffcl, containing a Lutheran and Calvinift 

 church ; 14 miles E.N.E. of Cleves. N. lat. 51 5^'. E. 

 long. 6' ^^'. 



ISSELMOND, an ifland in the river Meufc, oppofite 

 to Rotterdam, with a town in it of the fame name. 



ISSELORT, a town of Holland, in Guelderland, 

 fituated at the feparation of the Rhine and Ilfel near Arn- 

 heim. 



ISSELSTEIN, a town of Holland, belonging to the 

 ftate of Utrecht, and feated on the river Iffel ; it is the ca- 

 pital of a fmall territory formerly belonging to William III. 

 king of England ; five miles S. of Utrecht. 



ISSENBRON, a town of Bavaria, in the principality 

 of Aichftatt ; fix miles E.N.E. of Aichflatt. 

 - ISSER, a river of Algiers, which joins the Tafna, near 

 its mouth ; anciently called "Aflanus." 



ISSESUCAR, a town on the S. coall of the ifland of 

 Java ; 70 miles S.W. of Batavia. 



ISSICUS SlNu.s, in Ancient Geography, a gulf of the 

 Mediterranean fea, between Syria and Cihcia. 



ISSIGEAC, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Dordogne, and chief place of a canton, 

 in the diltrift of Bergerac ; nine miles S.S.E. of Bergerac. 

 The place contains 879, and the canton 8316 inhabitants, on 

 a territory of 210 kilionietres, in 21 comnjunes. 



ISSIN, a town of Perlia, in the province of Kerman, 

 whither many of the inhabitants of Gomron retreat during 

 the unhealthy feafon ; fix miles N. of Gomron. 



ISSINI, akingdom of Africa, on the Ivory Coafl, con- 

 fiiUng of 12 or 13 villages. From the Rio de Suero da 



Cuila 



