1 V I 



©ppofe obftacles to their attempts. Marius and Sylla fuc- 

 ceedcd Metellns, and fought with equal l':ccefs ; at length 

 they perfaaded Borchus, a Mauiitaniaii king, who was in 

 alHance with Jugurtha, and his near relatioi, to enter into 

 negociations of peace. By tempting offers he agreed to be- 

 tray Jugurtha, and put liim into the hands of hii enemies: 

 he was accordingly delivered up to Sylla, after a war of five 

 years. Sylla carried him in chains to Cirtha, whence he was 

 fent to Rome in the year io6 B C. and the joy teitified on be- 

 holding him there in the condition of a captive, was a proof 

 of the dread which he had infpired as an enemy. He was 

 expofcd to the view of tlie Roman people, and dragnfed in 

 <:hains with his fons to adorn the triumph of Marius, after 

 which he was infulted by the populace, and remanded to his 

 dungeon, where he was either lirangled or fuffered to perifli 

 ■with hunger. He left two fons, who fpent their d.ivs in 

 captivity ; and his dominions were divided between Bocchus, 

 the remaining heirs of MaffiniiTa, and the Roman republic. 

 Salhift. BeU.Jugur. Univerfal Hiftory. 



JUHOO, in Geography, one of the mouths of the Indus ; 

 lo miles W. of the Ritchel. 



IVICA, IBI5A, Ebtifus, the largeft of the Pllyufe iflands. 

 See PiTYUSE. 



Tiiisifland is about ijf leagues from the ifland of Ma- 

 jorca, which lies to the N.E. It is commonly faid to be feven 

 leagues long, and about 4^ broad in certain place";, and 22 

 leagues in circumference. It is high, and covered with 

 mountains, whofe verdant dechvities prcfeiit an agreeable 

 and piclurtfque profpeft from the fea. The foil is adapted 

 to every kind of culture. This ifle is divided into five ptn-ts, 

 or quartones, i<ix. the plain of tlie city, St. Eulalia, Balan- 

 zar, Pormany, and the Salines. The Plum of the town 

 occupies a fpace of about i| league, and contains 200 

 houfes, feparated into httle hamlets, tlie population of 

 which is ellimatcd at about goo inhabitants. The canton 

 prcfents on all fides well cidtivated gardens and vineyards. 

 The city furni(hes a fort of militia, confilling of about 

 1 1 20 men, for the fafety of the diftrift. Tlie di'llrift of St. 

 Eulalia has a territory of about four leagues in extent, bor- 

 dering on thofeof Balanzar and Iviija, and lies to the N E. 

 of the latter. The number of houfes is about 700, dil'perf- 

 cd, without forming towns, vil'ages, or hamlets. They are 

 inhabited by 4000 perfons, dillributed in two pariihes.' A 

 river, bearing the name of the Saint, flows at the foot of the 

 mountain, where the fpirc of the church of St. Eulalia rifes. 

 The other pariih is called St. John's. This dillrict furnilhes 

 a contingent of 7C0 men for the fecurity of the ifland. The 

 territory of the dillricl of Baknzir extends over about 

 three leagues, and joins thofe of Ivi-i, St. Eulalia, and 

 Pormany. The houfes are reckoned at about 400, and the 

 inhabitants may amount to 2200. The p;;ri(h church is de- 

 dicated to St. Ivlichael. The contingent for the fafeguard 

 of the itland conlills of 300 men. On the coail is fiiuated 

 the creek of Balan/.ar, near a mile in length. At the end 

 is the little port of San Michela, which can only admh fmall 

 veifels. This port is at the mouth of two rivulets, the 

 fourccs of which are upwards of a league in the interior. 

 The diftrid of Pormany has a territory four leagues in length, 

 bounded by Bakn/ar, Salines, and Ivi^a. The foil prefents 

 a fertile plain, on which are ab.mt 450 houfes, con'aining at 

 leall 2000 inhabitants, and furni{hing a continijent of 350 

 men. The principal churdi is confecrated to St. Antonv, 

 and its fteeple, or turret, commaiuis the port, and is guarded 

 by iivo pieces of cannon, and fome artillery men. The 

 other church is dedicated to St. Jofeph. 'i"he diftria of 

 SaHn s, or las Salinas, takes its name from the fait found 

 there, and is bounded by the diftriii^s of Pormany and 



J u I 



Iv!(;a, It is two leagues in extent ; the hsufes arc reckoned 

 at I Jo, and the population at goo perfons. The contingent 

 cor.fiils of a company of 200 men. On a beautiful plain in 

 this canton is fituated the church of St. George. Port 

 St. Antony, or Porto-magno, or Pormany, lies on the 

 opr-oiite coalt. Ivi5a, though its mouth is dithcult of en- 

 trance, is fufficicntly fpacious to accommodate a fquadron ; 

 but in the winter feafon it is only fit for fmall velfels. The 

 illanders of Ivica have criminal as well 2~ civil laws pecuHar 

 to themfelves. This ifland belongs to the Spaniards. 



Ivi^A, the capital town of the above defcribed ifland ; 

 which liss a good port, fituated to the S.E. below a fmall 

 hill, under the cannon of a fortrefs conllrucledin the time of 

 Charles V. Some ancient authors afcribe the foundation of 

 this city to the Phoenicians, 663 years B.C. It was called 

 Pityufa, becaufe it is covered with pines and firs. Others 

 attribute it to the Carthaginians, 70 years after Carthage 

 was founded, alleging that the name Ebufus in the Punic 

 language fignifies arid. The Romans had it in their poflef- 

 fio:i ; it was afterwards occupied by the Moors ; but the 

 Africans were expelled by John, prince of Aragon, arch- 

 bifliop of Tarragona ; and it has fince remained under the 

 fpiritual jurifdidion of this city. The town, which is 

 fituated on a mountain, is honoured with the title of a 

 bidiopric, audit is alfo the feat of government. It has a 

 cathedral, as many inonalterics as pariihes, one hofpital, 

 feveral churches, and fome barracks. The town is well 

 fortified, and has two entrances, -viz. the New Gate, and 

 the Principal. The fuburbs, commanded by the cannon of 

 the town, contain erne church, called St. Elmo, well filled with 

 failors. 1 he port, though fpoiled by the mud, is large 

 enough to contain a fquadron ; it is the largeft, moll conve- 

 nient, and beft ftieltered in the ifland. The N.E. wind is the 

 only one from which it is not protefted. The Englilh 

 took poffeflion of this port in 1 706; but the Spaniards 

 have again obtained it. The governor has an afleflbr, 

 and fome other perfons, who afiill him in taking cogni- 

 zance of all civil, criminal, and military matters, from 

 whom the appeal lies to the captain-general of Majorca. 

 Including the inhabitants of the fuburb, the population is 

 ellimated at 800 families, comprehending 3600 p'.riona. 

 N. lat. 38=58'. E. long. I 22'. 



JUICE, a liquid fubftance, which makes part of the 

 compofition of plants ; being diffufed among ail the folid 

 parts, and ferving for their nutrirtient and growth. 



The juice, or fap, is that to plants, which blood is to 

 animals. 



There are juices of divers kinds, aqueous, vinous, o/ca^i- 

 mus, gmnmous, ref.nous, and bituminous ; and of all talles and 

 colours. 



Juice, Sjiimi/h. See Liquork it. 



Juice is alfo applied to feveral, and even to all, the fluids, 

 or humours, in an animal body. 



Juice is alfo applied to the vapours and humidities in- 

 clofed in the earth. 



■ Juices, Concrete, in Mineralogy, a name given by many 

 authors, to fuch fubllances found in the bowels of iheearth,^ 

 as have once been in a (late of fluidity, and are capable of 

 being rendered fluid a,;ain by art, by means of heat, moif- 

 ture, or common agents. 



Others apply the word concrete to all thofe fubftanccs 

 which may be feparated from fluids by chemical operations,, 

 whether they are afterwards fuluble in them agnin or not ; 

 fuch are the particles of fpar, feparated from water by a- 

 flow diilillation. and remaining at the bottom of the veflel. 



The concrete juice* of the earth are fuppofed to be the 



principal 



