J U N 



cled or fpiked — Here we find NcSrh of Schrebec ( Cn' 

 bomba of Aublet), Scheuchxeiia, Tngkchin, Narthecium (To- 

 fzUiaoi Hudfon and Smith), Hcknias, AL-laiUhium, Fcra- 

 trum, and Cokhicum. 



This, nearly analogous to the Trtprtalo'idet of Linnxus, is 

 perhaps, on the whole, one of the leaftcorred of Juffieu's 

 orders. The order of Juncex, extraftcd from it by Decan- 



J U N 



lity. Widows who burn themfelvcs with tlicir huftands' 

 corplc, always do it, where praclicabic, at the junftion of two 

 rivers : this liorrid facrifice is called Sdt't, «hich fee. As 

 well as this fpetics of meritorious filicide the Hindoos recog. 

 nize fomc others, and if performed at the confluence of rivers 

 the merit of the ac\ is greatly enhanced. 



" One of the holiell fpots of the Ganga (or Ganges) in 



i/o/A-and Brown, is much better defined, in conl'cqucnce of where it joins the Yamuna (Jumna) below Delhi. A third 



the expullion of RtJIlo and its allies on the one hand, and "" ' ' .--•■- - 



Commelina, &.C. on the other, with the removal of other ge- 

 nera to their proper places. 



JuMCl Lapidei, in Natural Hi/lory, the name given by 

 authors to a fpccies of foflile coral, of the tubularia kind, 

 and compofed of a congeries of fniall tubules, which are 

 ufually round and ilriated within. 



JUNCKER, GoTTLOB John, in Biography, a learned 

 phyfician, was born on the 3d of June, 1680, at LondorfF,near 

 Gieflen, in Hefle. He piirfi-.ed his medical thidies at Mar- 



purg and Erfurt, and afterwards took the degree of M.D. 

 at Haile, in the year i;i8. He became fubfequently a dif- 

 tinguifhed profefibr in this univcrfity, and attained a high re- 

 putation as phyfician to the public hofpital. He died at 

 Halle, on the 25th of Odober, 17J9. His works, which 

 are chiefly compilations, have been much efleemed, and are 

 ftill occafionally referred to, efpecially as they contain the 

 bed and moll compendious view of the dodlriiies of Stahl, 

 which he efpoufed and taught. They are as follows ; 

 I. " Confpeitus Medicince Theoretico-praftic^e, Tabulis 137 

 primarios morbos, methodo Stahliana traclandos, exhibens,' 

 Halle, 1718, 4to.; - 2. " Confpeftus Chirurgix, Sec." Hid. 



facred river, the Sarafivati, is fuppofcd to join them fub- 

 terraneonfly, whence the junction is called Triveni, or the 

 three plaited leclis . Pilgrims here begin the ceremonies after- 

 wards completed at Gaya. The confluence of rivers is a 

 fpot peculiarly dear to Hindoos ; and this, more tfpeciaily 

 of the Ganga and Yanuma, is fo highly cftecmcd, that a 

 perfon dying there is confident of immediate beatitude, with- 

 out ri(l< of farther tranfmigration. Suicide is not only par- 

 donable, but in fomc cafes meritorious with Hindoos. Cut- 

 ting one's throat at the above holy junction, is, in reference 

 to its immediate refult, an inllar.ce of the latter. ^See Sui- 

 cide.) Widows who becomeyij/i, qt pure, by burning thcni- 

 felves with the bodies of their decealed hulbands, which i.- 

 generally done at the fangam, or confluence of rivers, per- 

 form an adt of meritorious fuicide. And all ads in them, 

 felves good, are rendered vallly better if done on iuch a 

 fpot." Moor's Hindoo Pantheon. 



JUNCTURE, any joint, or clofing, of two bodies. See 

 Joint. 



Juncture, in Oratory, is a part of compofition, particu- 

 larly recommended by Quintihan, and denotes fich an atten^ 

 tion to the nature of the vowels, confonants, and fyllablcs in 



1721,. 4to.; — 5. " Confpedus Formularum Medicarum, the conncdion of words, with regard to their found, as will 



Sec." Hid. 1723,410.; — 4. " Confpedus TherapeiK genera- render the pronunciation moll eafy and pleafant, and bell 



lis, &c. TabuliS 20 methodo Stahliana confcriptus," Hid. promote the harmony of the fentence. Thus the coalition 



l73j,4to.; — 5. "Confpedus Chemise Theoretico-pradic:^ in of two vowels, occafioning an hollow and oblcnie found, 



forma Tabularum ReprKfentatus, 6cc. Tomus prior." ii/W. and likewife of fome confonants rendering it liarlh and 



1730, 4to. This is an elementary work on chemillry, ac- rough, fhould be avoided; nor fliould the fame lyl a- 



cording to the principles of Becher and Stahl. — 6. "Con- ble be repeated at the beginning and end of words, be- 



fpeflus Phyfiologise," /^/W. 1735, 4to. ; — and 7. " Confpec- caufe the found becomes hereby harfli and unpleafant. 



tus Pathologiae," «i^/^. 1736, 4to. Jnncker likewife pub- The following verfe in Virgil's iEneid is an example of junc- 



Lfiied many academical thefes on medical, chirurgical, and ture: 

 philofophical fubjeds. Eloy. Did. Hid. — Gen.^Biog. 



" Arma Virumque cano, Troja qui primus ab oris." 



JUNCULAM, in Geography, a town of the ifland of 

 Java, on the S.W. coall ; 55 miles S.S.W. of Batavia. 

 S. lat. 6^ 40'. E. long. IC5- 15'. 



JUNCUS, in Botany, an old Latin word, a jungendo, 

 fay the etymologiils, from the uCe of the plants which bear 

 this name in joining or binding things together. The 

 Rufli.— Linn. Gen. 173. Schreb. 230. WiUd. Sp. PI. 

 V. 2. 204. Mart. MiU. Dic^. v. 2. Sm. Fl. Brit. 374. 

 Brown. Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 2j8. JulF. 44. Tourn. 

 t. 127. Lamarck Did. V. 3. 263. lUuilr. t. 2jo. Gserln. 

 t. 15. Clafs and order, Hexandria Motiogynia. Nat. Ord. 

 Tripetaloidee, Linn. June:, Jufl". 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Pei-ianth of fix oblong, pointed, per- 

 manent leaves, inferior. Cor. none. Stam. Filaments fix, 

 (in i . conglonnratus only three), capillary, very flioit ; an- 

 thers oblong, ered, the length of the perianth. Pijl. 

 Germen fuperior, pointed, triangular ; ilyle (liort, thrcad- 

 fliaped ; lligmas three, long, thrcad-fhaped, downy, intlexed. 

 Perie. Caplule invelled with the calyx, triangular, of three 

 more or lefs completely divided cells, with three valves, the 



with niglit, the forenoon with the afteriiooB, &c. are duly partitions from their centre. Seeds various in number, rarely 



reverenced, by (Irid obfervers, with appropriate prayers and fohtary, roundifli. 



JUNCO, in Geography, a river of Africa, whichcrofles the 

 Grain Coall, and runs into the Atlantic ; 90 niiles E.S.E. of 

 Cape Monte. 



Juxco, in Ornithology, the reed fparrow. See E.mbe- 

 RIZA Schoeniculus. 



JuNCO is alfo ufed by Bellonius for a bird, feeming, by 

 his defcription, the fame with what we call the ilint. See 

 Trixga Cinclus. 



JUNCTIN, Francis, in Biography, a mathematician of 

 Florence, who ilourilhed in the fixteeiith century, and was 

 for a time a Carmelite, but quitted his order, and going to 

 France, abjured the Roman Catholic religion. He became 

 a corredor of the prefs, and afterwards a manufadurer of 

 paper, and a banker, by which avocations he gained a large 

 fortune. He died about the year i jSo. He was author of 

 fome arithmetical works, commentaries on the fpherc of Sa- 

 crobofco, on the Reformation of the Calendar, and on the 

 age of the Loves of Petrarch. 



JUNCTIONS. Among the Hindoos, jundions or meet- 

 ings of many things are deemed holy and myllerious ; more 

 efpecially the jundions of rivers. The jundion of the day 



ceremonies ; but the jundion of rivers, above all, are very 

 myfterioufly contemplated. An ad performed there, be it 

 ever fo good, is rendered vallly more fo by this holy loca- 



Eir. Ch. Calyx of fix leaves, 

 Capfule fuperior, of three valve 

 Seeds fevcral. Stigmas three. 

 4G 



permanent. Corolla none, 

 s, with one .or three cell*. 



