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But they are three or four years in flowering when raifed 

 from feeds. . 



The common way is, therefore, to increafe them by plant- 

 ing ofT-fets from the roots, which are afforded in great 

 plenty ; the proper feafon for this is in the early fpring, 

 before the (liooting of the root, when the roots fliould be 

 removed, and the ,off-fets taken from them and planted 

 out. 



The old roots (hould not be removed oftener than every 

 three years. 



As foon as the ftems and leaves decay to the roots in the 

 borders in autumn, they fhoiild be covered over with tan a 

 few inches thick, to protect them from frott, and the depre- 

 dations of mice. 



The hardy forts ferve to adorn the borders in the open 

 ground, and the other tender forts among other potted 

 green-houfe plants that require proteflion in winter. 

 IxiA, in Surgery, a dilated vein ; a vafix. 

 IXO, in Geography, a town of Japan, in the ifland of 

 Niphon ; '^j miles E N.E. of Meaco. 



IXORA, in Botany, fo named from I.vora, a Malabar 

 idol, to whom its flowers are offered bv the Indians in their 

 folemn feftivals. Linn. Gen. 54 Schreb. 70. Willd. Sp. 

 PI. v. I. 609. Mart. Mill. Dia. V. 2. Ait. Hort. Ke«'. 

 ed. 2. V. I. 244. Jiifl". 203. LamarckDia. v. 3. 343. II- 

 luftr. t. 66. Gaertn. t. 25, and t. 95. — Clafs and order, Te- 

 trandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Stellate, Linn. Riibiaceit, 

 JufT. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth fuperior, four-cleft, very fmall, 

 ereft, permanent. Cor. of one petal, funnel fhaped ; tube 

 cylindrical, flender, very long ; limb four-cleft, flat ; fetj- 

 nients various in fiiape. Stam. Filaments four, rifing above 

 the mouth of the corolla, very fhort, incurved ; anthers ob- 

 long. P'Jl- Germen inferior, n.undifli, flyle thread-fhaped, 

 the length of the tube ; iligma cloven. Perk. Berry round- 

 ifh, two-celled. Seeds folitary, convex on one fide, angu- 

 lated on the other. 



Obf Gxrtner has remarked that the partition of the fruit 

 is perfor.Ued juft above the centre, and that the feeds are 

 never more than two in each berry, though the Hortus Ma- 

 labaricus defcrlbes three or four. Sufficient charafters are 

 wanting to diltinguifh this genus from Pavetla. 



Ell. Ch. Calyx four-toothed, fuperior. Corolla of one 

 petal ; tube long, thread-Hiaped ; hmb four-cleft, widely 

 fpreading. Stamens rifing above tlie mouth. Stigma cloven. 

 Berry of two cells. Seeds folitary. 



The fpecies of this fine Indian genus have not been in ge- 

 neral clearly underfl:ood. We Ihall attempt an explanation 

 of them, with an account of fome hitherto entirely nonde- 

 fcript. 



I. l.coccinea. Linn. Sp. PI. ed. J. no. Lamarck Dift. 

 V. 3.342. (Schetti ; Rheede Hort. Mai. v. 2. 17.1. 13. 

 Jafminum flore tetrapetaUj, Ixora Linnasi ; Burm. Zeyl. 

 135. t. 57.) — Leaves elliptic -obovate, fomewhat heart- 

 ftaped at the bafe, not longer than the corymb. Segments 

 of the corolla ovate, acute, flat. Style but little extended 

 beyoiiJ the tube. Native of fandy and ftony places on the 

 coaft of Malabar, bearing flowers and fruit all the year. A 

 Jhrub the height of a man, with round, fmooth, greyilh, 

 leafy branches. Leaves oppofite, nearly feffile, two inches 

 or more in length, about one broad, more or lefs obovate, 

 or fomev/hat i Uiptical, obtufe, entire, fmooth, often point- 

 ed ; their bafe for the moll part heart-ftaped, but varying in 

 breadth ; their upper fide poliflied. Stipidas embracing the 

 ftem in pairs,, within the leaves, and alternate with them, 

 ,awl-lhaped, longer than the footftalks, broad and triangular 

 at their bale. Corymb terminal, repeatedly forked, denie, of 



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from ten to thirty inodorous flowers ; the flalks fmooth and 

 Ihining, red, as well as the calyx, whofe fegments are ovate or 

 triangular, their points a little fpreading. Tube cf the 

 corolla an inch and half long, very flender ; fegments of the 

 limb each about half an inch long, horizontally fpreading, 

 ovate or elHptical, pointed. The hue of the limb, according 

 to Rheede, i& a flefh-colour, deeper on the inlide, at length 

 turning yellow and paler ; the tube of a coral red. Stamens 

 very fmall and red, with yellow anthers, burfting longitudi- 

 nally at their inner fide into two cells. Style very httle ex- 

 tended beyond the tube, with a thick red Jligma, of two el- 

 liptical lobes, cohering in the dried fpecimen. Berries the 

 fize of a fmall currant, reddifli-brown, fliining, fweet and 

 eatable. — We have never met with this fpecies in any gai-- 

 den. 



2. l.f.amnua. Salif. Hort. 62. (I. chinenfis ; Lamarck 

 Diet. 1-. 3. 344. I. cGccinea; Curt. Mag. t. 169. Schneev, 

 Ic. t. I. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. i. 244. Flamma fylva- 

 rum peregrina ; Rumph. Anib. v. 4. 107. t. 47.) — Leaves 

 elliptic -lanceolate, bluntifli, ftalked ; narrow at the bafe. 

 Segments of the corolla orbicular, obtufe, rather convex. 

 Style extended to half the length of the limb. — Native of 

 Java, according to Rumphius ; as well as of China, fro.Ti 

 whence we have a fpecimen. It is not rare in our (loves, 

 where the fplendour of its flame-coloured flowers caufes it to 

 be much admired. Lamarck has well dillinguilhed it from 

 the above, and Mr. Salifbury long ago made the fame re- 

 mark. The leaves are five or fix inches long, contrafted at 

 each end, Handing on (hort, thick footllalks. Corymb almoil 

 globofe, cnmpofed of 100 flowers, or more, whofe lube is 

 but half, or two-thirds, the length of the former, but rather 

 lefs (lender ; the fegments of the limb broad and round, very 

 obtufe, each not :|th of an inch long. Stamens fpreading. 

 Style rather longer than in the foregoing, with red fpreading 

 lobes of the fliigma, but thcfe cohere after drying. 



3. I. longiffjia. (Flamma fylvarum ; Rumph. Amb. v. 4. 

 105. t. 46. ) — Leaves ovato-lanceolate, taper-pointed. Seg- 

 ments of the corolla elliptical, fliarpifli, reflexed.— Native 

 of moft iflands in the Eafl: Indies, according to Rum- 

 phius. We have a fpecimen from the late Mr. Chriftopher 

 Smith, gathered in Honimoa. Thofe who attend to Rum- 

 phius's defcription and figure of his Flanma Jylvcrum, and 

 confidcr that all his figures are diminiflied, mull he aware that 

 his plant can belong to neither of the foregoing fpecies, for 

 which it has been quoted indifferently. Our fpecimen exaft- 

 ly anfwers to his account, and is undoubtedly a new fpecies. 

 The leaves are feven or eight inches long, and two or three 

 broad, ovate at the bafe, tapering at the end to a very fine 

 point. Fooljlalks half an inch long, channelled. Stipulas 

 much Ihorter than in either of the former. Corymbs from 

 the bofoms of the t,vo upper leaves, as well as termmal, much 

 branched from their very bottom, repeatedly forked, confid- 

 ing of innumerable Jiozuers, whofe tube is as long and flen- 

 der as in the firft fpecies, and of a light red ; but the feg- 

 ments of the limb rather fmaller, elliptical, not ovate, fpread- 

 ing widely, and more or lefs reflexed. The Jlamens are very 



'{hort. Style but little prominent. Rumphius fay.s the 

 flowers are of a vermihon hue on their infide, which becomes 

 a blood colour as they grow old, whence arifes their brilliant 

 fiery afpeft, the origin of the name. The berries turn firft 

 purple and finally black. 



4. I. incarnaia. Roxb. MSS.— Leaves elliptical, feflfile. 

 Segments of the corolla roundilh, obtufe, fomewhat refle.xcd. 

 Corymb above half as long as the leaves. — Native of the 

 Ead Indies. Our fpecimen was communicated by lord vif- 

 count Valentia, who received it from Dr. Roxburgh with 

 the above name. The leaves are two inches long, and one 



2 ■ ■ broad. 



