K A M 



attachniient to tlie arts and fciences of the Europeans, anil 

 liberally patronized the milTionaries. He was a good geo- 

 grapher, and direfted the conitruclion of many maps and 

 charts, yet fo vain was he of the country over which he 

 governed, that he would never fuffer a map of tlie world to 

 be laid before him unlefs China was reprefcnted therein as 

 the centre. He died at the age of 71, in the year 1722. 



KAMI, in Gengriphy, a town of Japan, in the ifland of 

 Niphon ; 20 miles E.N.E. of Jedo. 



KAMIABA, a town of Africa, in Manding. N. lat. 

 12 32. W. long. 6° I j'. 



KAMIAMACONDA, a town of Africa, in the coun- 

 try of .Ie;narrow. N. lat. 12" 48'. 



KAMI EN, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of Vol- 

 hynia ; 34 miles N. of Lncho. — Alfo, a town of Lithu- 

 ania, in the palatinate of Wilna ; 64 miles E. of Lida. 



KAMIENEC, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of 

 Brzefc ; 16 miles N.N.E. of Brzefc. 



KAMIENTSCHIK, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 

 36 miles E N.E. of Warfaw. 



KAMIFSHELER, a town of Circaffia, on the coad 

 of the Black fea ; eight miles E.S.E. of Mamak. 



KAMINIEC, a town of Ruffian Poland, and capital of 

 the palatinate of Podolia, having a caftle built on a rock, 

 and one of the bed fortified places in Poland. Be-low it 

 runs the river xSmetricz, which falls into the Dnieller. It 

 has a Popi(h and Armenian bi!hop refident in the city ; a;:d 

 here are alfo held a court of juftice and provincial diet. 

 The epifcopal fee was founded in 1375. Its college for- 

 merly belonged to the Jefuits. The whole province is 

 fometimes called " Kaminiec :" ico miles W. of Braclaw. 

 N. lat. 4.R" ;3'. E. hni'^. 26 4J'. 



KAMIONKA, a to.vn of Poland, in Volhynia ; 48 

 miles N.NE. of Zytomiers. 



KAMIR, a town ot Perlia, in the province of Lariilan ; 

 60 miles E.S.E of Lar. 



KAMISCHIN, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 

 Saratof, on th.e Volga ; 80 miles S. of Saratof. 



KAMITNICZ.A, a town of Poland, in the palatinate 

 of Br.iclaw, near the Dnieiler ; ^4 miles S. of Braclaw. 



. KAMITSKI, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo ; 

 28 miles E S. E. of Kokara. 



KAMMA; a river of Rnffia, which is the largert; of all 

 thofe that unite their (Ireams with the Volga. It rifes in 

 the government of Perme, from the weftcrn projections of 

 tlie Ural chain, waters a fmall part of the government of 

 Viatka, flows through a large traft of the government of 

 Perme, form's the border between the governments of Vi- 

 atka and Ufa, and at Laiflieva, 60 verfts below Kazan, 

 falls into the Volga ; having terminated a courle of 1000 

 verlls. By the Tartars it is called " Tfliolman-Idel." Eor 

 the tranfport of fait and iron, it is one of the moll import- 

 ant rivers of the empire. This is chiefly efTe&ed by the 

 TchuITovaiya and the Belaiya, two rivers of confiderable 

 magnitude, flowing into it on the left. Befide thefe, the 

 Kamma takes up a great number of other rivers, fuch as, 

 on the left, the KoUa, the Yaiva, the Kofva, and the Ik ; 

 on the right, the Obva, the Okhau, and the Umyak. l^he 

 Kamma, above the mouth of the Belaiya (which is of a 

 whitifh water), lias a blackifli wholefume wat^jr. It is 

 moflly attended by a ridge of mountains, confiding of 

 fand, gypfum, and marie, with forcfts of firs and oaks. 

 It is toleriibiy well ftored with filh ; and they are reckoned 

 better tafted thnn thole of the Volga. 



KAMMAGOJAH, a town of Africa, is the country 

 of Quoja. 



■ KAMM.\H, a town of AGa, and capital of a difljia 

 Vol. XIX. 



K A IM 



in the kingdom of Birmah, on the Irawaddy ; which car. 

 ries on a large trade in teak timber, conveyed from hence 

 to Rangoon ; 15 miles N. of Prome. 



KAMMENl, GiiLAT and Little, two iflands of the 

 Grecian Archipelago, fo called on account of the nature of 

 the calcined fubftaHces of which they are formed ; the name 

 denoting "burnt;" whence they have obtained the appcl- 

 lation of Burnt iflands. The firll of ihefe rofe above tiiC- 

 fea in a furprifing manner, whilil the waters boiled up, and 

 on account of its origin, which bordered on a prodigy, and 

 which occafioncd it to be confecraled by tlie ancients la 

 the god of hell, it was denominated " liiera." In the 

 year 1743, during fubterraneous commotions and convul- 

 fions, and various other terrifying phenomena, another iflai'd 

 fnddenly appeared above ttie fiirface of the waters. In 

 order to diitinguifli it from the former, which is the brger, 

 the Greeks have called it " Mikri Kammeni/' or the Littl* 

 Burnt ifland. Thefe iflands are wiihin about three niilei 

 W. of Santorin. N. lat. 36 30'. E. long. 25- 24'. The 

 Great Kamineni, which is the more ancient, is covered wit!» 

 a thin (Iratum of dull, which allows a few herb^ to gi-ow 

 upon it. The Little Kammcni, in which are vifible fis 

 craters, by which the volcano vov.iitcd forth the fnbllances 

 that compofe it, is naked and barren. At the hegnmir.g 

 of the lall ccnti'.ry a new illet appeared between the Great 

 and Little Kammeni, about a league from Santorin. It« 

 formation, accompanied with fhocks of earthquakes, which 

 were felt at Santorin, was gradual ; .ind various circum- 

 ftances attended it, which are minutely defcribed by Sonnini 

 in liis " Travels in G'cece and Turkey." 



KAMI^JIG, a town of Siletia, in the principality of 

 Neilfe : 8 miles N N E. of Palfchtau. 



K AMNITZ, or Chf.mnitz, a town of Bohemia, in the 

 circle of Leitmeritz : the principal article of trade is the 

 mannfa«uie of ftockings ; 30 miles S.E. of Drefden. 

 N. lat. 50' 47'. E. long. 14 32'. 



KAMO, a town of Japan, on the fouth coafl of the 

 iflard of Jedo. 



KAMOEPER, a fmall iflnnd in the Eait Indian fea. 

 S. lat. (■)' so'. E.lonir. 13 j= f . 



KAMOURASKAS, a town of Canada, on the right 

 bank of the St. Lawrence. N. la:. 47 33'. W. loog. 

 69-40'. 



K.-\MRAJE. See C.\shmeke. 



KAMSCHEVSKA, .-. town of Rufiia, in the province 

 of Ekaterinburg, on the Ifct, ; 52 miles S.E. ot Ekaterin- 

 burg. 



KAMSCHLOV, a town of Ruffia, in the province of 

 Ekaterinburg ; j6 miles E. of Ekaterinburg. 



KAMSIN, hot foutherly winds of Egypt, where they 

 are known under the general name of '• winds of fifty days." 

 (See Egypt.) Thefe winds have been mentioned by travel- 

 lers under the denomination of " poifonoui*' winds, or, 

 more correftly, " hot winds of the defert." By the Arabs 

 of the defert they are called " Semoum," or poifon ; and by 

 the Turks " Shamyela," or wind of Syria, from which is 

 formed the " Samiel" wind. The heat of thefe winds is 

 fometimes fo e.xcefiive, that it may be compared to the heat 

 of a large oven at the moment of drawing out the bread. 

 When they be.si'" '" blow, the almofphereatfumes an alarm- 

 ing afpect. i'he iky, which at other times is clear in this 

 climate, becomes dark and heavy ; the fun lofcs its fplen- 

 dour, and appear.^ of a violet colour. The air is grey and 

 thick, and filled with an extremely fubtle dull, which is nni- 

 vcrfally penetrating. This wind increafes gradually in h'.at, 

 in proportion to its continuance ; and its efi'cCts arc fell by 

 all aiVma<ed being's. The lungs stre cont-radled and biHvjmi* 

 4 R paiii'ui, 



