K E E 



KEELERS, in the Sea Languags, fmall tubs to hold 

 fluff to grave a fliip's bottuin. 



K'EELING, a name ufedin feme Englilh 'Ariters for the 

 coinrt.on cod-fiil-. Sfc AsELLUS. 



KEELSON is a kcd witliinlide fimikr fo that without, 

 upon the floor limbers exactly over the keel of the fame di- 

 meniiona, but always oak, keeping their butts or fcarfs 

 clear of each other : thus the bottom cf the fhip becomes 

 firmly united by bolts driven through every floor timber, 

 from the upper lide of the keelfon to the tender fide of the 

 keel. 



KEEMA-KEDAN, in Geesraphy, a clnfter of fmall 

 ifl mds in the Eaft Indian fea, near the W. coaft of the 

 jlland of Eeyta. N. lat. lo' ;^o'. E long. 124° t^^'. 



KEEiMd, in Natural Hijiory, a large ihell of" the cock!-- 

 kmd ; probably, iays Marfden (Hid. of Sumatra, p. 9.) tlie 

 largell in the world. It is tound in the bay of Tappaiiooly, 

 in Sumatra, chiefly, and likewiiein other parts of the EalL 

 Thefe ihells are taken in deep water, by thrufting a long 

 bamboo between the valves as they lie open, and by the im- 

 mediate clofure which follows they are made fail. The 

 largeft, fays Mr. Marfden, which 1 have feen, was about 

 three to four feet over. The (hell is perfeftly white, and is 

 worked up like ivory by the natives. 



KEENDUEM, in Geography, a river which rifes in Thibet, 

 and runs into the Irrawaddy, 40 miles below Ava. This 

 great river conws from the N.W. and divides the country 

 of Caffay from that of Ava. It is navigable, as far as 

 the Birman territory extends, for velTels of burthen. The 

 entrance of the Keenduem is about a mile wide. 



KEENE, Edmund, in Biography, an Eiigliih prelate, 

 was born at Lynn, in Norfolk, of which place his father was 

 alderman. He was educated at Caius college, Cambridge, 

 and, in 1740, obtained the redory of Stanhope, in the 

 bilhopric of Durham. In 1750, he was chofen matter of St. 

 Ptter'i, college, and in a ftiort time after he ferved the office 

 of vice-chancellor, in which he promoted the regulations for 

 improving the difcipline of the univerfity. In 17,2, he was 

 iiiiiJe bilhop of Chetter, where he continued eighteen years, 

 when he was tranflated to Ely. He died in the year 1781. 

 He had a brother who was feveral years ambaflador at the 

 court of Madrid. Gen. Biog. DiiS. 



Kke.se, in Geography, a poft-town of America, in New 

 Hampfliire, and one of the moll flourifliing in Chefliire 

 county; incorporated in 175^, and containing, in 1800, 

 1645 inhabitants. It is 86 miles N.W. from Botton. 



KEENEEBALOV, or St. Peter'j, Moint, a lirge 

 mountain in the N. part of the ifland of Borneo, near which 

 are a people called Oran, Idaen, and Maroots, who offer 

 human facrifices to their deity. It is faid that they ai-e ac- 

 quainted with a fubtle poifon, in which they dip their fmall 

 dart«, and thus caufe a wound which produces inllant death. 

 KEEP, To, in Sea Language, is a term ufed on various 

 occafions : as 



To leep the land chroad, is, to keep within fight of land as 

 much as pofiib'.e. See Hold. 



To ke.'p the Ivjf, is to continue clofe to the wind, or to fail 

 with a courfe inclined to the direction of the wind as much 

 ;;.'! poiUble, without deviating to leeward. This is alfo called 

 hep'mg the wind. See CLOav.-havled and LoOF. 



To kc:p off, is to fail oft, or keep at a diilance from the 

 ihore. See Ori'iKG. 



Keep, or Dungeon, the ftrong tower of an ancient cadle, 

 commonly placed on a high natural or artificial mount, into 

 which the garrifon retired when the cattle itfelf was taken. 

 The lake or cellar of fuch keep was generally ufed to confine 

 f riloners in. 



K E E 



KEEPER 0/ /^w Forejl, other wife called chief -warden 0/ 

 the forej], is an ofliter who has the principal government of .lil 

 things belonging to a royal forett, and the check of all tt.c 

 other officers. 



The lord chief juftice in eyre of the foreft, when he thii.t i 

 fit to hold his juliice feat, fends out his general fummoiis; to 

 the keeper forty days before, to warn all under-ofhcers ra 

 appear before him, at a day affigned in the fummon?. See 

 Ju.sTICE 0/ /Z'f /on/. 



Keeper of the Greatfah is a lord by his office, and 't 

 ftyled lord keeper of the great feal. He is one of tlie king's 

 privy-council, through whofe liands pafs all charters, com. 

 miffions, and grants of the king under the great-feal ; with- 

 out which feal, all fuch iuttruments, by law, are of no force : 

 for the king is, in the interpretation of the law, a corpora- 

 tion, and paffes nothing firmly but under the faid feal ; 

 which is, as the public faith of the kingdom, in the higfielt 

 efteem and reputation. 



The lord keeper has the fame place, authority, pre-emi- 

 nence, jnrifdiSion, execution of laws, and all other cuttonvs 

 commodities, and advantages, as the lord chancellor of 

 England has for the time being. Both thefe officers cannct 

 pruperly fubfitt at the fame time, fince the ftatute of ^ Eh/ 

 The lord chancellor, or lord keeper, is fuperior in point e ' 

 precedency to every temporal lord. 



Keeper of the Privy-feal, is a lord by his office ; through 

 whofe hands pafs all charters figned by the king, before they 

 come to the great feal, and fome things which do not pals 

 the great-feal at all. He is of the king's privy council, and 

 was anciently called clerk of the privy feal ; yet reckoned in 

 the number of the great officers of the realm. 12 Ric. II. 

 c. II. 27 Hcn.VIlI. c. n. 



Keeper, Boat, i« Sea Language, one of the rowers, who 

 remains as a centinel in his turn, to take care of any boat 

 and her contents, either when flie lies by the fliore, or along,- 

 fide of tlie fhip ; or when fhe is towed a-ftern of her. 



Keeper, The, in Geography, ^\n'g\\ mountain in the county 

 of Tipperary, province of Munller, Ireland, which forms a 

 confpicuous objedl to a great extent of country. It is feven 

 miles S.S W. from Nenegh. 



KEEPING, in Pu/w/m^, is a technical term, v.hich fig- 

 nifies the peculiar management of tho'e parts of the art, co- 

 louring and chiaro-fcuro, which produces the proper degree 

 of relievo in objcCls admitted into a compofition ; according 

 to their relative pofitions in the imagined fcene, and the de- 

 gree of importance the artiil attaches to them. 



When he has chofen his lubjedl, and arranged his figures, 

 forms, and colours, liis next talk v.iU be, to give each objeCl 

 its local fituation, and to bring thofe forward in the pidture 

 which he intends fhould be moil impreffive on the beholder ; 

 or at leaft, fo to manage the furrounding ones, that thofe 

 which are principal in the fubjeft and compohtion, ftioulJ 

 not fail of their effeft. This may be effefted either by fhada 

 or colour : cither by throwing a Ihadow acvofa the inferior 

 objefts, or teinting them with a colour lefs bright than that 

 given to tl'.e others ; and even, in very {l<iiful hands, it may 

 be done by the very reverfe mode of practice to cither of 

 the above : but that is extremely difficult, and requin s 

 the knowledge and the hand of a great matter in the art to 

 execute it. 



As the objc£ts recede in the ground-plane of the pifture, 

 the hue of tlie atmofphere intermixing with tiieir proper, or 

 local coluur, as it is termed, (thougli improperly lo,) will 

 affitt in tlieir keeping ; ;. e. will caufe them to appear at 

 their jutt dittance from the front figures. Therefore there 

 is lefs art required here, than in feparalmg and rounding 

 figures fi u.ited nearly in the fame plane, and combining to. 

 5 gether 



