KEF 



rether in mafles, wherein the great difficulty of keeping 



It wiH be Ceen by what ha? been faid, tliat keeping is but 

 another word for efrd in its more confined fcnfe, as it relates 

 to the individual objods of a pidure ; it is, itowcver, a com- 

 ponent part of rjft,! in it:; general and moll extenfivo mean- 

 ing ; of which it forms tho bafis in conjun£iion with arrange- 

 ment of forms and eolourt, ; which latter includes, in the 

 painter's eye, lights and Ihades. S<-e Effect, in Painting. 



On keeping, relievo etitircly depends ; for if the lights, 

 (hadaws, and half-teints be not kept in their exaft relative 

 proportions of dupt lis, no rotundllv can be efft-dled ; and 

 without due oppolition of light, fiv-.de and colours, no ap- 

 parent reparation of ohieds can take place. 



Whatever kind of effcd is intended, keeping mud be 

 called into action ; fmce each objetl mull have its own ap- 

 parent, proper, and local projedion ; and no lefs its relative 

 Itrength in regard to tlie general impreffiun which the fub- 

 jed is calculated to produce. 



So much has been faid that applies to this artic'e under 

 the word Eifecl, that we forbear to enlarge further upon it, 

 than ju(l to date, that the Flemifli fchool may be moll ad- 

 vantageoufly lludicd with regard to it, m what relates to hif- 

 tory, portraiture, and lllll life : and in lamifcape, we would 

 add to Ruyfdale and Hohbima, the more valuable name of 

 Claude, as the painter wlio has produced the moll exquifite 

 produdions in art for the quality we are now difculTing. 



KEEPITHEJA, in Botany, the name by which fome 

 authors call die trees, on the branches of which the gum laeca 

 of the Ihops is ufually found. 



KEERA, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in Bog- 

 gilcutid j 12 miles E. of Kewah. 



KEERETPOUR, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar 

 of Sumbul ; lo miles S.S.W. of NiJjibabad. 



KEERPOU, a town of Hindooftan, in Bengal; 33 

 JTiiles S.S.W. of Burdwan. N. lat. 2Z^ 45. E. long. 



KEERYSHUR, a town of Hindooftan, in the Car- 

 natic ; 22 miles S.S.W. of BomrauzepoUam. 



KEESERA, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 

 Condapilly ; 16 miles N.W. of Condapilly. 



KEEVE, in Rural Economy, a provincial term uftd to 

 fignify a vat in which beer is worked or fermented. 



Keeve is alfo a veflel ufed in dreifing tin-ores. See 

 Tis. 



KEFF, or Kefts, in Geography, a town of Africa, in 

 the kingdom of Tunis, reckoned the third for riches and 

 llrcngth in the country : anciently called " Sicca," or 

 *' Sicca Veneria." In the l8th century the citadel was 

 blown up, and afterwards rebuilt with additional ftrength 

 and beauty. In levcliing an adjacent mount on this occa. 

 fion an entire ftatue of Venus was dug up, which was in- 

 ftantly broken to pieces by the Moors. At the fame time 

 was dug up an equeftrian ftatue, dedicated to Marcus An- 

 toninus Rafu^, v^iiich fuftered the fame fate. Kcff, as its 

 name i.nports, is iituatcd upon the declivity of a hill, with a 

 plentiful fouice of water near the centre of it ; 70 miles 

 W.S-W. of Tunis. N. lat. 36 15'. E. long. 9 3'. 



KEFFEKIL, in Mineralogy, a ftone of a white or yel- 

 low colour, foapy feel, and moderate hardiiefs, which in- 

 creafes in the fire. It is the fubftance of which the large 

 Turkey pipes are made. It is found in Krim Tartary, in 

 Canada, in Flanders, and in other places. Tlie Tartars 

 vife it inftead of foap, and it is fo ufed in Auftrian Flanders. 

 Wiegleb found it to confill of equal parts of magnefia 

 and lilex, whence it feems to operate as a. fuller's carih. 

 See Meeuschaum. 



K E I 



KEFFING, in Geography, a final! iiland in the Eaft In- 

 dian lea, near the S.E. coallof {he iflandof Ccrain. S. lat. 

 3'' 28'. E. long. 131" 11'. . ' 



KEFIL, a village of the Arabian Irak, famous for the 

 tomb of the prophet E/.ekiel, annually vilited by a multi- 

 tude of .lews : 14 miles S. of Helleh. 



KEFKEBEH, a town of Natolia ; 20 miles N.E. of 

 Elkiniehr. 



KEFKEN, a fmall iftand in the Black fea, near the 

 coall of Natolia. N lat. 41" 6'. E. long, ^o* 4c'. , 



KEFREEN, a town of Syria, on a liirge" plain to which 

 il gives name, diftinguiftied for the number of pigeons that 

 are bred there ; I, miles from Aleppo. 

 KEFT, or Kkfht. See Coi'To.^:. 



KEHEEP, a town of Hindooftan, in Lahore ; 4rniiIeB 

 S. of Attock. 



KEH EMEND, a town of Perfia, in tiie province of 

 Farfiftan ; xc miles N. of Eftakar. 



KEHL, a fortrefs in the duchy of Baden. At the 

 peace of Ryfwick in 1697, this fort was ceded to the em- 

 peror and eniprefs, and declared an imperial fortrefs. In 

 the war between France and Aullria, it was often taken and 

 retaken; 2 miles E. of Stralburg. Kehl was united to the 

 French empire by a decree of the Confervatory Senate in 

 .knuary i8c8, and made a part of the department of the 

 Lower Rhine. 



KEHOA, atownof Afia, inTonquin, near the coaft.. 

 N. lat. i^)" 12'. E. long. 105" 21'^ 



KEHRICZ, a town of Perfia, in Khorafan ; 70 miles 

 N. of Herat. 



KEIA-REGIAN, a town of Perfia, in Irak ; 60 rniles 

 W. N.W. of Hamadan.- 



KEIFLINGE, a town of Sweden, in the province of 

 Schoneni 6 miles N.E. of Lund. 



KEI-GAM, a town of Corea ; 30 miles S.E. of Cou- 

 fou^ 



KEIGHLEY, a town of England, in the county of 

 York, fituated on a navigable canal, and having a market 

 on Wednefday. In 180T, the population confilled of 5745, 

 perforiE, of wVrom 34)6 were employed in trade and manu- 

 fadurc ; ii miles N. of Halifax, and 209 N.N.W. of 

 London. 



KEIKEM, in the Jilaleria- Medica, a name given by the 

 Arabian writers to a gum ufed in their time for making of 

 varnilli.. 



Gu.n lacoa is generally faid to be the fubllance meant by 

 it, but Avicenna feems to exprefs by it every thing that wat 

 ufed as varnilh. Thus he fometimes mean.i by 11 the gum- 

 fandarach, and fometimes amber. The gum cancamum of. 

 the Greckb is alfo certainly often meant by it ; but this ia. 

 fcarce to be mentioned as an application of the word, it 

 being almoll as general a term as itfelf, and (landing with' 

 many of the old authors for fandarach, gum lac, and amber, 

 as well as for tlic gum properly exprclFcd by it. In ftiort, 

 all the gums ufed in making varnifti, are in general called by 

 the names of any one of them, and thus vernix, fandaracli, 

 cancamum, and lacca, are made fynonymous words, and 

 cither ftands for each of the things figniiied by all the 

 words. 



KEIKIS, in Geography, a town of Sweden, in the go- 

 vernment of Abo ; 48 miles N. of Biorneborg. 

 KELLAH. See Ckil.v. 



KEILL, John-, in Biography, a celebrated mathema- 

 tician and philofopher, was born at Edinburgh in the ycur 

 1671; here alio he received his early education, and at the 

 univerfity purfued his maturer ftudics, and took his degree 

 ofM.A. He was particularly attached to Dr. Gregory, 



