L I L I U M. 



The flowers have a pleafant fvveet fnicll, and were formerly 

 ufed for ineeicinal piirpofes, particularly as an antiepileptic 

 and anodyne. A water dillillcd from them was ufed as a 

 cofmetic, and the " oleum liliurum'' was fiippofed to pof- 

 fefs anodyne and nervine powers : but the odorous matter 

 of thefe flowers is very volatile, being totally diffipatcd in 

 drying, and wholly carried off in evp-poration by reftihed 

 fpirit as well as water; and though both menflrua become 

 impregnated with their agreeable odour by infufion or dif- 

 tillation, yet no elfential oil could be obtained from feveral 

 pounds of the flowers. Hence the Edinburgh Colleo-c row 

 direi-ls the ufe only of the roots, whiih are mucilaginous, 

 and are chiefly employed, boiled with milk or water, iu 

 emollient and fuppuratuig cataplafms : it is not improballe, 

 however, that the poultices formed of bread or farina, 



lagon. Curt. Mag. t. 893, the Purple Martagon, or Turk's 

 Cap I>ily ; both are very hardy — L. ti^rhium, Curt. M„g. 

 t. 1237, {L. f^cciofum; Andr. Bot. Repof 1.586.) is 

 however perhaps the moR fliowy fpecies of all. It was ift- 

 troduced from China, by fir Jofcph Banks, in the year 

 1S07, and is four.d to bear our climate if cultivated in a 

 border of bog earth, flowering in Auguil. 

 LiLiu.M ConvalUum. See Convallaiua. 

 Lir.iu.M, in Carilemng, containing plants of the bulbous- 

 rooted flowery perennial kind, of which the fpecies ufually 

 c'.ltivated are the common white lily (L. candidum) ; the 

 Catefby's lily (L Catefbei) ; the bulb-bearing or orange 

 lily (L. bulbiferum) ; the purple martagon lily, or Turk's 

 tap (JL. martagon) ; the pomponi:m lily (L. pomponium) ; - 

 the fcarlet martagon lily (L. chalcedonicuit) ; the great 

 yellow martagon lily (L. fuperbum) ; the Canada martagon 

 lily (L. Canadenfe) ; the Kamtfthatka lily (L. Cainfchat- 

 ""' ' liy (L. riiila- 



poflefs every beneficial quality afcribed to thofe of lily- 

 root. Gerard recommends them internally in dropfies. For 



this purpofe, bread was made of barley meal, with the juice cenfe) ; and the Philadelphian martagoa 



of the roots, and conftaiitly ui'ed for a month or fi;r weeks ; delphiciim). 

 but Dr. Lewis obferves, that there are inllances of fimilar In the iirft fort the principal varieties are, with ftriped 



cures by the ufe of common bread ; and that probably, in flowers, or with blotched purple flowers, or with variegated 



one cafe as \\-ell as in the other, abttiiience from liquids was ftriped leaves, or with yellow edged loaves, with double 



the remedy. Lewis Mat. Med. Woodv. Med. Bot. flowers, and with pendulous flowtrs. But the firll: of thefe 



L. bulblferum. Bulb-bea,'ing, or Orange Lily. Linn, varieties is now become common ; the purple ftain o-iving the 



So. PI. 433. Jacq. Aullr. t. 226 — Leaves linear-lance- flower a dull colour, the common white is generally pre- 



oiate, fcattered. Corolla bell-fliaped, eretl, glandular and ferred. The fecond is chiefly valued for its app-^Eiance in 



rough on the infide, downy without.-— x\ native of Italy, winter and fpring ; for the leaves coming out early in the 



Auftria, and North America. It flowers in June apd .luly. autumn, fprcading themfelves flat on the ground, and being 



Bulb compofed of numerous thick, white, loofely imbri- finely edged with a fine yellow band, make a pretty ap- 



cated fcales. Stem upright,, about a foot and half high, pearance during the winter and fpring months, a? it flowers 



flriated and angular, . fmooth, or flightly hairy. Upper earlier than the plain fort. The third is of little value, as 



leaves fpreading horizontally, having a roundiih pale-green the flowers never open well unlefs they are covered with 



or purplifli bulb at their bafe. Flowers large and hand- glafles ; nor have they any of the rich odour of the common 



fome, of a beautiful red or orange colour, paler on the out- iort. The fourth came originally from ConPLdr.tinople ; the 



fide, inodorous 



There are faveral varieties of this generally cultivated 

 plant, of which the moft common is that figured in Curt. 

 Mag. t. 36, but the darker tinted one of Jacquin is hand- 

 fomeft, bearing more bulbs and fewer flowers. 



\.. fuperbum. Superb Martagon Lily. Linn. Sp. PI. 434. 

 Curt. i\Iag. t. 936. Redoute Liliac. t. 103. -Lower- 

 leaves whorled, the reft fcattered. Flowers forming a 

 branched pyramid, reflexed. Corolla revolute. A native 

 of North America, whence it was imported by Mr. Peter 

 Collinfon in the year 1 738. It flowers from .Tune vo 



ftalk is much more flender ; the leaves narrCiver, and fewer 

 in number ; the flowers not quite fo bxge, and the petals 

 more contraded at the bafe ; they always hang downwards ; 

 the ftalks are fometimes very broad and flat, appearing as if 

 two or three were joined together : when this happens, they 

 ful'tain from fixty to one hundred flowers, and fometimes 

 more; this, however, is.merely accidental, as. the lame root 

 fcarcely ever produces the fame two years together, or io 

 fuccelTion. 



The third fort has varieties with double flowers, with 

 variegated .leaves, with fmaller fteius, and the bulb-bearing 



Auguft. Wild fpecimens of this beautiful fpecies are feldom fiery lily, which feldom rifes more than half the height of : 



found with above three or four flowers, but they may be the <jthers ; the leaves are narrower; the flowers fmaller, , 



brought, by careful cultivation, to bear from twelve to and of a brighter flame-colour, few in number, and more 



fifteen. Bulb white as ivory. Stem round, Imooth and erect: they come out a month before thofe of the common • 



even, two or three feet in height, branched. Floivers large fort, and the flalks put out bulbs at moll of the axils, , 



and handfome, one, at the end of each branch, red or yelloW which, if taken off when the ftalks decay, and.plansitd out, . 



with dark fpots ; their fmell is dilagreeable. they readilv produce new plants. . 



One of the fineft figures that can be exhibited of this or In refpeCt to the fub -varieties, they are the great broad- 

 any other plant, m.ay be feen in the fecond number of Dr. leafed, the m.niy-flowered, the fniail, and the hoary bulb- 

 Thornton's lihiflration of the Linnaan Syftem, bearing l;Iy. 



L. pbiladelphicm.ii Philadelphi n Lily. Linn,- Sp. PI. The fourth kind varies with white flowers, with double 



435. Curt. Mag. t. 5191 Redoute Liliac. t. 104. — flowers, with red flowers and hairy ihilks, and wilJi imperial '. 

 Leaves whorled. Flowers erecl. Corolla "oell-fliaped ; 

 petals unguiculate. — Sent from Philadelphia by Mr. .lohn 

 Bartram in the year 1757. It flowers in July. Bulbs 



fmall, white and fcaly. Stem rather more than a foot high, fpotted flowers, with white Ipotted flowers, xnth yellow 



bearing two elegant flowers at the fummit , Petals red and fpotted flowers, with early fcarlet flowers, and. the niajor - 



yellow, fpotted towards their bafe with darkiili red or fcarlet pompouy. 

 purple. And the fixth fort, according to Mr. Curtis, varies in the 



Among the moft; common fpecies in the gardens are number of flowers, from one to fix, and tl'.c colour in lome 



L chakedonieum. Curt. Mag. t. 30, which is the Scarlet is cf a blood-red ; alfo, with deep fcarlet flowers, with ; 



Maj-tagon fo remarkable for its tine coiQur ; aitd L. Mar- purple flowers, aud with large bupctes of flowers. 



0£ < 



divided ftalks. 



The fifth fpecies has varieties with double red flowers,. 

 with white flowers, with double white flowers, %«itli red 



