LINCOLN. 



BilTiop Hugh Biirgundus enlarjjcd it by the ereftion of 

 what is now called the New Work. He alfo built the 

 chapter houl'e. This prelate died in woo. Two kings 

 (John of England and William of Scotland) alfillcd to 

 carry his body to the cathedral, whore it was cnfhrincd in 

 frivcr, acconlinjT to Stnkcdey ; but Sandcrfon fays the Ihrine 

 was of beaten gold, litlli'ip Gyncwell added to the cathe- 

 dral the chapel of St. M;iVy Ma^'dalen. Bilhop I-l.-niing 

 built a chapel on the north lide, in which lie was buriid : on 

 liis monument is his figure in free-ftone, pontifically habited. 

 Bifhop AInwiek was a conlldorable benefaftor to the cathe- 

 dral, and built the llately porch at the great fouth door. 

 Bifnops Jlufil'll and I.ongland built two chapels : to both 

 thefe prelates are altar-tombs, though the latter was interred 

 at Eton. 



The cathedral church confifts of a nave, with its aides; 

 a tranlcpt at the well end ; and two other tranf^pts, one 

 rear the centre, and the other towards the calKrn end ; 

 alfo, a choir and chancel, with their aides, of correfponding 

 .height and width with the nave and ailles. The great traii- 

 fept has a nave towards the call : attached to the wellern 

 Me of this tranfept is a gallilee, or grand porch ; and on 

 the fouthern fide of the callern aide are two oratories, or 

 private chapel"^ ; while the northern fide has one of nearly 

 Similar (hape and charafter. Branching from the northern 

 fide are the cloillcrs, which communicate with the chapter- 

 houfe. The church is ornamented with three towers ; one 

 at the centre, and two at the weftern end : tliefe are lofty, 

 and are decorated with varied tracery, pillars, pilafters, win- 

 dows. Sec. The dimenlions of the whole ll/uiture, ac- 

 cording t« the accurate mealiirements of Mr. T. Efpin of 

 Louth, are as folbw : the height of the two weitern towers 

 j8o feet. Previous -to the year iSoS, each of thefe was 

 furmouiited by a central fpire loi feet high. The great 

 tower in the centre of the church, from the top of the corner 

 pinnacle to the ground, is ;oo feet ; its width 53 feet. 

 Extsrior length of the church, with its buttrelTes, 524 feet ; 

 interior length, 482 feet ; width of weftern front, 174 feet; 

 exterior length of great tranfept, 250 feet ; interior, 222; 

 width, 66 ; the leffer or ealtern tranfept 170 feet in length, 

 44 in width, including the fide chapels ; width of the ca- 

 thedral, 80 feet ; height of the vaulting of the nave, 80 

 feet. The chapter-houfe is a decagon, and meafures, in- 

 terior diameter, 60 feet 6 inches. The cloillers meafure 

 118 feet on the north and foutli fides, and 91 on the callern 

 and weftern fides. The grand wellern front, wherein the 

 preatefl variety of llyles prevails, is certainly the workman- 

 fhip of three, if not more, dillindk and dillant eras. This 

 portion of the fabric conlills of a large fquare-lhaped facade ; 

 the whole of which is decorated with door-ways, windows, 

 arcades, niches, &c. It has a pediment in the centre, and 

 two oftangular ftair-cafe turrets at the extreme angles, fur- 

 , mounted by plain fpirc-ftiaped pinnacles. 'J'he upper tran- 

 lept and the choir appear the next in point of d?,te. Tliefc 

 arc in the ft»arp-poinled llyle; and their architecture is very 

 irregular, having pillars \^•ith detached diafts of Purbeck 

 marble, in different forms, bnt all very light : thofe on the 

 fides of the choir have been llrengthened. The vaulting is 

 j^cncrally fimple ; the ribs of a few groins only have a fli- 

 rted moulding. A double row of arches or arcades, one 

 placed before the other, is continued round the inlide of the 

 aiftes, beneath the lower tier of windows. The windows, 

 which are lofty and narrow, are placed two or three to- 

 jcther ; the greater buttrelTes in front are ornamented in a 

 firgular manner with detached fhafts, terminating in ricK 

 foliage. This part of the fabric was probably built by 

 'ki^y St. Hugh. The great tranlept, {lie gallilee porch, 



and the veftry, are nearly of the fame, but in a later Rytr. 

 The vcilry is vaulted, the groining having ftrotig ribs ; and 

 beneath it is a rrypt with groiii>-, converging into pointed' 

 arches. The nave and central tower wire next reliullt, pro- 

 bably begun by bifhop Hugh de Welle.';, as the llyle of 

 their architertnre is that of the latter part of the rei-n of 

 .lolin, or the beginning of Henry 111. Part of the great 

 tower was creeled by bilhop GrolUiead, wlm linidied tlie 

 addilrons which had been made to the old well front. The 

 part cxccnding from the finaller tranfept to the call end ap- 

 pears to have been built by bidiops Gravefend, Sutton, and 

 D'Aldeiby, about the conclulioii of the thirteenth, or com- 

 mencement of the fourteenth century. The latter prelate 

 built the upper llory of the rood tower, and added a lof'y 

 fpire, wliich was conllrucled of timber, and covered with 

 lead. Tliis was blown down in a violent llorm in the yc.r 

 I ^47 ; and the damagrs then fuilained were not wliolly re- 

 paired till 17-5. That nothing might be wanting to render 

 this church as fplendid in its furniture as it was elegant in 

 its workmanlhip, it received the moll lavifh donations. So 

 fumptuoudy was it fupplied wi;h rich duines, jewels, &c. 

 that, Dugdalc informs U6, Henry VI H. took away 2621 

 ounces of gold, and 4285 ounces of diver, beiides precious 

 flones of great value. This cathedral had formerly a great 

 number of coftly fepultures and monumental records : of 

 many, not a veitige remains ; nor are the places knov.ii 

 where they ftood. At the Reformation, what the ravages 

 of time had left, the zealots pulled down or defaced ; !o 

 that, at the clofe of the year 1 548, there was fcarcely a 

 perfect tomb remaining. .'\uior.g the illuilrious ))erloin 

 who were buried here, and had monuments ereC^a-d to their 

 memory, were Catherine Swinford, wife of John of Gaunt, 

 duke of Lancafter ; Joan, countcfs of Weftmoreland, their 

 daughter; and Bartholomew, lord Burgherfh, brother to 

 the bilhop of that name. Many of the bifhops were in- 

 terred here. 



On the north fide of, and connefted with, the cathedral 

 are the cloiftcrs, of which only three fides remain in the ori- 

 ginal ftate. Attached to the eaftern fid'^ is the chapter- 

 houfe, a lofty elegant ftructure. It forms a decagon, the 

 groined roof of wliich is fupported by an umbilical pillar, 

 confining of a circular Ihaft, with ten fmall fiuted columns 

 attached to it ; having a band in the centre, with foliated 

 capitals. One of the ten lides forms the entrance : in the 

 otiier lides are nine windows, having pointed arches with 

 two lights each. Over the north lide of the cloiftert is the 

 library, which contains a large colleclion of books, and 

 fome curious fpeciniens of Roman antiquities. It was built 

 by dean Honey wood. 



Beiides monafteries, nunneries, and other edifices for pious 

 ufes, I.,incoln had formerly more than fifty churches. Ele- 

 ven onlr, exclufive of the cathedral, now remain; and fcarcely 

 any of them merit a particular dclcrijjtim. Tluife molb 

 worthy of notice are, St. Dcnnct's, St. Mary de Wigford's, 

 and St. Peter's at Gowts : thefe have loity fquare towers in 

 the Norman ftvle. St. I'etcr's is a very ancient itruclure, 

 and appears to have been the chapel of fome religious houfe, 

 of which the remains are extant. The places of wordiip for 

 the different denominatious of Diflenters, are, one for Ro- 

 man Catholics, one for Independent Baptills, one for Pref- 

 byterians, and one for Methodifts. 



The number of paridies within the city is twelve, which, 

 with the four towndiips within its iurifdiction, make fixteen. 

 TluTe, according to the government furvey in the year i8co, 

 contained 1574 houfes, which were inhabited by 739S per- 

 fons. Many of the honfesare nld, but there are fome very 

 good buildings, both upoa and below the iiilL The city 



