L I N 



L I N 



fell to tTie lot of the Portuguefe ; and ttic Weft Indies, then 

 newly difcovered, to the Caililians, 



Line, BoiuHnq, Bunt, Cram, Furlong, Log, Rhumb, and 

 Jiakr } fee u:;dtr tiie refpt-.'itive adjeClivcs. 



Line aifo d-Totts a fmall French meafure, containing the 

 i;th part of an inch, t-.r i44*h part of a foot. 



Ttiegtorr.etricians, not'.viihftanding its fmalhiefj, conceive 

 the line fubdividtd into fix points. 



The French line anfwers to the Englifh barley-corn. 



Line. Angling. The bed materials for making thefe 

 lines sre line and even horfe-hairs : the hair (hould be round 

 and twilled even, for that greatly ftrengthens it ; and all the 

 hairs fiiould be of an equal bignefs, or as nearly lo as may 

 be. Tlicy (hould be laid in the water about a quarter of an 

 hour after twiftiiig, that it may be feen which will fhrink ; 

 they are then to be twilled over again. In this la!l twilling 

 fome intermingle fdk airoiig them, but that is not fo well. 

 Lines made entirely of filk are not bad ; but tliofc of filk 

 and hair mixed are never found to do well. The beft co- 

 lours for a line are forrel, white, and grey ; the two laft are 

 beft for ani^ling in clear w'uters ; the former in muddy ones. 

 The pale w-atery-grcen is alfo a very good colour, and may 

 be made thus: boil in a qu:nrt of alum-water a large hand- 

 ful of marygold-fiowers ; there will arife a fcuhi which mail 

 be taken off ; then add to tliis liquor copperas and "erdigris, 

 of each half a pound, beat to pov. der together ; boil thefe 

 up together; ihen put the hair into this liquor, and let it 

 lie ten or twelve hours ; it will obtain a watery biiieilh greea 

 colour, which will not wafii out afterwards. 



LiXE of Equat.d Balirs. See Equated Bodies. 



Lines, Gauge, Plumb, and Rear. See the feveral ad.- 

 jeftives. 



Line. White, in Printing. See White. 



LINEA Ai.B.\, in Anatomy, is a white line in the abdo- 

 men, formed Ly the union of the tendon.? of the abdominaf 

 mufcles. See Obliquus externus ahJumims. 



LiNE.V Medh^nj. See \'ediAN.\. 



LiNE.v Ntlul'jfa. See Nf.bulo.sa Llnea. 



LlNE.l Semilunaris, is a line following the outer edge of 

 tlie Rectus abdominis mufcle ; which fee. 



LiNE.E Tranjverfj, lines crcfling the re(Elus abdominis. 

 See Rectus. 



LINEx^L Descent. See Descent- 

 Lineal .EA:c_f£/(>. See Exegesis. 



LINEAMENT, a fine ftroke or line obferved in the 

 face, and forming the delicacy thereof; being that which 

 preferves the refemblance, and ocrafions the relation of like- 

 nef^, or unlikenefs, to any other face. 



It is by thele that pliyfiognomills pretend to judge of 

 the temper'and manners of people. 



Lineament is alfo ufed by the painters for the outline of 

 a face. See Contour. 



LIKEANS PuxcTUM. See Punctu.m. 



LINEA.R Leaf. See Leaf. 



Linear Numbers, are fuch as have relation to length only. 

 See Nu.MBEa. 



Such e. gr. is a number which repiefents one fiJe of a 

 plane figure. If the plane figure be a Iquare, the linear 

 iiumber is called a r» ^ 



LiNB.-\R Problem, in Mathemalles, is that which may be 

 ffilved geometrically, by the interfedlion of two right lines. 

 E. gr. to meafure an iiiaccefiible height by the means of two 

 unequal fticks, &c. 



This is alfo cidled zjm^le problem, and is capable but of 

 one Iblu'.icQ, 



LINE ATORES, in the Hippodrome at Conftantinople, 

 were tlie fame with the deftgnutores in the Circus at Rome. 

 See Hll'PODHO.ME, CiRc.u.s, ai.d De^ignatok. 



LINEN, ill Geography, a town of Germany, in the county 

 of Tecklenbnrg ; 7 miles S.S E. of Tecklenburg. 



Linen, in the Manufaclures. There are various forts' 

 of 'inen, the principal materials of which are cotton, flax^ 

 and hemp. The linen trade of Europe is chiefly in the 

 hands of the Ruffians, Germans, Swiis, Flemings, Hol- 

 landers, and French. 



Linen is the llaple of Ireland, as it was of Scotland ; but 

 it was long neglected. The Scots at prefent are not, 'how- 

 ever, in fo bad a fituation in refpeft to this trade, as the 

 French were in the reign of king Henry IV. or the Irifh at 

 the Revolution ; where, by the force of public encourage- 

 ment, it has arrived to an extiaordinary pitch, and it is to be 

 hoped will daily advance : the Scots have it not to begin, 

 and they are improving and extending it to a very greaC 

 degree. 



The balance of trade between England and Scotland, and' 

 England and Ireland, is on the Englidi fide ; and fo far as 

 England and its dependencies can be lerved with linen from 

 Scotland and Ireland, inileadot Holland, France, Germany, 

 and Rufiia, fo far will England be a gainer by this change 

 in the courfe of trade. The more linen the Scots and Irifh 

 can fell in England, the more of the Englifh commodities 

 will they be able to purchafe ; and it may be reafonably 

 fuppofed that iheir demands from England will always in- 

 creafe in proportion to the incrcafe of their people and linen 

 manutajdures. It is then evidently the intereft of England 

 to promote and advance the manufafture of linen in Scot- 

 land and Ireland, and to give them all rtafonabJe advantages 

 in the trade, in preference to foreigners ; where the balancer 

 of trade is againff us, and this feenis to be the fenfe of the 

 nation, iince all foreign linen, for home confumption, pays a 

 duty. Poft. Did. Com. 



The linen trade of this country is regulated by feveral 

 ftatutes. 



No perfon Ihall put to fale any piece of dowlas linen, &c. 

 unlefs the juft length be expretfcd thereon, on pain of for- 

 feiting the fame. (28 Hen. VIll. cap. 4.) Ufing means 

 whereby hnen-cloth ihall be made deceitfully, incurs a for- 

 feiture of the linen, and a month's imprifonment. (Stat, - 

 I Ehz. cap. 12.) Any perfons may fet up trades for dreff- 

 ing hemp or flax, and making thread for linen-cloth, &c. 

 15 Car. II. cap. 15. 



By the 43 Geo. III. c. 69. all tbrmer duties on linen 

 cloth, filks, cottons, and calicoes, are repealed; and in lieu, 

 thereof other duties are impofedupon all goods which fhall be 

 printed, itained, painted, or dyed in Great Britain, accord- 

 ing to a fchedule annexed to the atl : and by 50 Geo. III. 

 c. 26. certain export duties are impofed ; the faid duties 

 to be paid by the printer, llainer, painter, or dyer. By 

 49 Geo. III. c. 9S. certain duties and cufloms are impofed- 

 upon French linens, (or lawns.) By 43 Geo. Ill; c. 69. 

 every calico printer, and every printer, painter, or ilainer 

 of linens, cottons,, or fluffs, fhail pay annually for a licence 

 10/. The printing or ftaining of calicoes rauft be for ex- 

 portation ; becaufe by 7 Gee. ft. i. c. 7. the ufe of printed, 

 painted, ftained, or dyed calico for wearing apparel is pro- 

 hibited, on pain cf 5/. to the informer, on conviftion : and 

 a perfvin oft'ering fuch for fale, unlefs for exportation, 

 forfeits :c/., half to the informer, and half to the poor. 

 This prohibition, however, does not extend to calicoes dyed 

 wholly blue : and it fhall be lawful to ufe ftuff made of linen 

 yarn a.id cotton wool manufaftured, and printed or painted 

 m Great Britain, provided the warp thereof be wholly linen 



