L I V 



Tlie cuftom-lioufe is fituateJ at tlie cad end of the old 

 dock. It is built of bnck, in rather a neat llyle. A fmall 

 flight of ftrps leads to a piazza, over which is the long room, 

 and behind it are extcnfive wareli'uifes. At the fouth end 

 of the town is St. James's walk, from which the fpeclator 

 has a fine view of the town, th- harbtnir, the river, the 

 fea, and the WeKh mountain';. B.hmd 'his lies an excel- 

 lent quarry, the entrance of which is by a fubtcrrancous 

 paflage, fupported by arches. B lotlc-fprings, about fo\ir 

 miles diilant from Liverpool, fnrply I'.e town with water, 

 which is conveyed by means of pipeb. 



The principal manufadliires are thofe of china and earthen 

 ■ware, the feveral branches of the watch making, and exten- 

 five fait, iron, and copperas works. It is computed that 

 about 3000 Ihipwrifchts are conftantly employed in the dif- 

 ferent dock-yards of this town. The river, which is here 

 about 1 200 yards broad, abounds with falmon, cod, floun- 

 ders, and turbot. Ships of any burden may come up to 

 this town with perfeft f.fety, even at the lowed tides. The 

 accommodations for fea bathing have, of late years, received 

 vail improvements, and arc nut perhaps inferior to any in 

 •the kingdom. 



Liverpool undoubtedly owes all her opulence and gran- 

 deur to the fpirit and entcrprife of her merchants. She 

 exhibits, to the eye of the datefman and philofopher, a dif- 

 tinguilhed indance of the rapid progrefs of commercial 

 greatnefs. A century ago, a few coading veflels ard petty 

 traders formed the whole of her wealth. For the fird fifty 

 years her advance was comparatively flow. After this pe- 

 riod, however, the increafe of trade which die every year 

 acquires, is truly adouilhing. She Ihares a portion of the 

 commerce of almod every country in the world. Of late 

 years, Liverpool has confiderably dccreared,in common with 

 .that of all the other towns in the kingdom. What effedl 

 the abolition of the flave-trade may ultimately have upon 

 Liverpool, it is not poflible to prognodicate. For the 

 prcfent, however, the mercantile' houfes, formerly engaged 

 in that traffic, mud undoubtedly fuffer confiderable dif- 

 ficulties before they can turn their capital and attention to 

 fome objeft more honourable tlian the purchafe and fale of 

 human beings. 



Independent of the advantages Liverpool pofieffes for 

 •foreign commerce, it has communication with all the in- 

 terior counties by canals. Tliefe again, being joined by 

 others at different points, extend themfelves to the Severn, 

 ■to the Humber, and to the Thames ; thus connefting the 

 four principal trading ports in England. To the bene- 

 ficial effefts of jhefe canals Liverpool has to attribute 

 •much of her prefent greatnefs. 



,The markets of Liverpool are well fupplied with every 

 necedary of life, and every article of luxury. About 3000 

 •cattle and flicep are brought into the town weekly. The 

 market days are Wednefdays and Saturd.iys. Liverpool 

 fends two members to parliament. The number of eletlors 

 amounts to above one thoufand. The corporation confifts 

 of a mayor, two bailiffs, and a common-council. The 

 mayor and bailiffs are aflided by a recorder, a town clerk, 

 and other neccffary officers. The revenues of the town are 

 very great Enfield's Hidory, &:c. of Liverpool, folio. A 

 General and Defcriptive Hidory of Liverpool, by W^lace, 

 Svo. 1797. The Pifture of Liverpool, i2mo. 1805. Beau- 

 ties of England, vol. ix. 



Liverpool, a town on,thc S. fide of the bay of F'undy, 

 4n Queen's county. Nova Scotia, fettled from New Eng- 

 land. Between this town and Annapolis lies a confiderable 

 iake, called RofligBoL It is 32 miles N.E. of Shclburne, 



a 



L I V 



and 58 N.^.^. of Halifax, and was formerly called " Port 

 Rofliguole." 



LIVERY, properly fignifies a colour, to which a perfoii 

 has fome particular fancy, and by which he clioofes to dif- 

 tiaguifli himfelf, or his retainers, from others. 



Liveries are ufaally taken from fancy, or continued in fa- 

 milies by fucceffion. The ancient cavaliers, at tlicir tourna- 

 ments, dillinj;uinied themfelves by wearing the liveries of 

 their niidredes : thus people of quality make their do- 

 medic* wear their livery. 



Father Menedrier, in his Treatifc of Caroufals, has given 

 a very ample account of the inixturcs of colours iu liveries. 

 Dion tells us, that CEnair.aus was the fird who invented 

 green and blue colours for the troops which, in the Circus, 

 were to rcprelent land and fea-fights. 



The Romifti church has alfo her feveral colours and li- 

 veries ; white, for confeffors and virgins, and in times of 

 rejoicing; black, for the dead; red, for the apodlcs and 

 martyrs ; blue or violet, for penitents ; and green, in times 

 of hope- ' 



Formerly, great men gave liveries to fevcra', who wore 

 not of their family or fervants, to engagc^them in their 

 quarrels for that year; but this was prohibited by the da- 

 tutes I Rich. 11, i Hen. IV. cap. 27. z & 7 Hen. IV. 

 8 Hen. VI. cap. 4. 8 Ed. IV, cap. 3. and no man, of 

 whatever condition, was allowed to give any livery, but to 

 his domedic officers, and council learned in the law. How- 

 ever, mod of the above datutes are repealed by 3 Car. I. 

 cap. 4. 



Livery, in Latv, alfo denotes the delivery of pofftTfion 

 to thofe tenants which held of the king in capite, or by 

 knights' fervice. See Possession. 



LiVEUY is alfo ufed for the writ, which lies for an heir 

 to obtain the poffefllon or feifiii of his lands at the king's 

 hands. By 12 Car. II., cap. 24, all wa?dfliips, liveries, Sic. 

 are taken away. See Coukt of Warih. 



Livery of JVifm, is a delivery of poffeffion of land or tc- 

 nemejits, cr things corporeal, to him who hath right, or 

 probability of rii;ht, to them. 



Livery of feifin is a ceremony ufed in the common law, 

 on conveyance of landi, tenements, Sec. where an cdate in 

 fee-funple, fee-tail, or other freehold, fliall pafs ; and is a 

 tedimonial of the willing departing of him v\!io makes tlie 

 livery, from the thing whereof the livery is made, as well 

 as of a willing acceptance by the other party, of all that 

 whereof the firft has divefted himfelf. (See FuEEiiom. ) On 

 the creation ef a freehold remainder, at one and the fame 

 time with a particular eftate for years, at the common lav? 

 livery mud be made to the paiticiilar tenant. (See Estate 

 and Rem.mndeu.) But if fuch a remainder be created af- 

 terwards, expcftant on a leafe for years now in being, the' 

 livery mud not be made to the leffee for years, for then it 

 operates nothing ; " Nam quod femel meum ed, ampliiis 

 meum effe non poted ;" but it mud be made to the remainder- 

 man himfeli, by confent of the leffee for years : for without 

 his confent no livery of the poffefllon can be given (Co, 

 Litt. 48.) ; partly becaufc fuch forcible livery w-ould be an 

 ejettment of the tenant from his term, and partly for the rea- 

 fons afligned for introducing the doftrinc of attornments. 



Livery of feifin is either in deed or in laiu. 



Th? ufual manner of livery of feifin in deed is thus per- 

 formed. If it be jn the open field, where is no houfe nor 

 building, and if the edate pals by deed, the feoffor, leffor, or 

 his attorney, openly reads it, or declares the effedl of it ; and 

 after that is fcaled, the feoffor takes it in his iiand, with a 

 clod of earth, or a twig or bough, which he delivers to the 

 Lodct, in the name of poffellion, or ieifin, according to 



the 



