LOW COUNTRIES, ENGRAVERS OF THE. 



formed eitlier darker or fainter, at pleafure. The burr, 

 whiL-ii was neced'arily raifcd upon tlie fuiface of the copper 

 by fuel) an operation, was not entirely removed by the 

 fcraper ; and in tlie early imprefllons, is the means of pro- 

 ducing a foft and agreeable efFeft. He eneraved fo;ir plates 

 in this ftyle, which are as follows : Janus Lnttna ; John 

 Lutm?, his father; the poet Vondel ; and P. C Hooft, 

 the hiftorian, all of them in folio, and apparently from his 

 o«'n drawings. 



John Lutr.ia, the fon of the preceding- artift, was born 

 at Amfterdam, A.D; 1609. He was likewife a goldfmith, 

 and executed fomc few plates ; among others the following : 

 the portrait of John Lutma the father, habited in a robe 

 bordered with ermin, holding fpeftacles and a pencil ; por- 

 trait of himfelf, feated at a table, drawing ; he has on a 

 broad brimmed hat, which overfliadows his face : this print 

 is very rare, both in folio ; and a view of a large fountain 

 with {lati:es, and the Antonine column, with fome other 

 ruins at Rome. It is firft etched in a coarfe, bold (lyle, 

 and the (hadows are worked upon with a fine mezzotinto 

 tool. 7"he cffeft produced by this mixture is confufed and 

 heavy, but not altogether difaijreeable to the eye. 



James Lutma was of the fame family, and alfo refided 

 at Amfterdam ; by this artift we have a fet of twelve mid- 

 dling-fized upright pla'es of ornamental fliields and foliage, 

 etched in a neat llyle and finiflied with the graver ; likewife 

 the portraits of the three L itmas, marked " John Lutma of 

 Oiide inv. James Lutma fecit, aqua forli." 



Adrian Brouwer, fc celebrated for his attainments in art, 

 and his wild and immoral habits, executed a few plates about 

 this period, of fuch fubjefts as he ufually painted. (For his 

 biography, fee the article Brouwf.r.) His principal etcl.:- 

 ings, which are executed with much fpirit, freedom, and 

 tafte, and are generally fubfcnbed with his initials, are, a 

 party of four peafants, infcnbed " T'fa orienden," &c. ; 

 a rufiic dance, where a female is playing the flute, infcnbed 

 " Lultig fpcll,'" &c. both in folio Three peafants fmoking, 

 infcribed " Wer aent fmoken," in fmall folio ; a drunken 

 party of four rullics ; two peafants in converfation ; a droll 

 fmoking party, conlilHng of a man, a woman, and an ape, 

 infcribed " Wats dit voor en gcdrocht," &c. ; a ruftic 

 baker making cakes, a circular print ; a peafant lighting his 

 pipe, and a fet of fix of male and female peafantry ; all of 

 quarto dimerfions. 



Solonvn Koninck was born at Amfterdam in the year 

 l6oq, and was the fon of Peter Koninck, a celebrated con- 

 roifleur and jeweller of that city, who at the age of twelve 

 placed his fon under David Colyn, to learn the rudin-ents 

 of drawi'ig ; he afterwards ftudied fucceffively under Francis 

 Verns::do and Nicholas Moyart, and became a painter and 

 engraver of fonie eminence. He etched feveral fubjetts in 

 the ftyle- of Rembrandt, after his own deCgns ; ot which 

 the following conltitute the more eftimable part. A head in 

 profile, of an old man with a long be.ird ; ditto of an old 

 man, in euftcrn attire, with mutlaciiios ; a companion to the 

 preceding, but engraved in a much more delicate manner ; 

 a three-quarter bud of an old man with a furred hat ; an 

 old man leated in an eafy chair, at devotion, a very fine en- 

 graving ; bud of a venerable looking old man, witha beard ; 

 and a landfcape with cottages, all ot quarto fize. 



Nicholas Berghem alfo performed fome etchings about this 

 time, which confift chiefly of what may be termed Italian and 

 Dutch paftorals, and beam with tafte and intelligence. It 

 is believed that all his prints are folcly the refult of aqua- 

 fortis and the etching-point, and that his plates were never 

 touched with the graver. They are all from his own com- 



pofitions, and for themoft part appear like tranfcripts from 

 the flcvtch-book, wherein he drew atiimals from nature. 



The etchings of Berghem, like his pictures, delight by 

 the found and intimate knowledge of drawing and chiarofcuro, 

 wluch they difplay or imply ; and the exquifite feeling which 

 every where attends his touch, and which feoms almofl, 

 fpeaking without figure or hyperbole, like aftual contaft be- 

 tween mind and its objeft. 



Thcfe are the qualities which impart fuch truth of texture 

 and charafter to his various A)mcftic animals, whether rough 

 or fmooth-coated ; fuch piclurcfquenefs to his graffy grounds 

 and earthy and rocky banks, and fuch importance to his 

 trifles. 



For the biography of this artift, fee Berghem, Nicho- 

 las. In conformity with our general plan, we fliall here 

 add fome account of his principal engravings, referring 

 thofe who may wifh for more particular information, to the 

 catalogue of Henry de Winter, which was pubhfhed ia 

 Holland in the year 1767. 



Six fets in fmall quarto, of fix prints each. Thefe are 

 performed with all the fire and fervour of Berghem, and 

 each fet confifts of five plates of animals, and an appropriate 

 title page, by^ which the fet is known, e. gr. there is " The 

 Milk-man" fet, " The Shepherdefs" ict, " The Goatherd" 

 fet, fee &c. The title-pages are all infcribed with the fol- 

 lowing words, which fhew that they are, as we have before 

 furmifed, the probable contents of the f!<etch-book in which 

 our artift was accuftomed to draw from nature ; -vn. " Ani-- 

 malia ad vivum delineata et aquaforti ceri impreffa Audio et 

 arte Nicolai Berchemi." A fet of five folio landfcapes, 

 which are diftinguifhed from each other by the figures and 

 cattle which are introduced, and which are as follow : 

 I. A Peafant feated playing on the Flute. 2. A Group 

 of Cattle, with a Woman and Child crofling a Rivulet. 

 3. A Shepherd, with Sheep and various Cattle. 4. A 

 ruftic Gi'l on an Afs, flopping for Refreftiment at an Ale- 

 houfe Door. 5. A Shepherd on horfeback, reading to a 

 Woman on an Afs, as they flowly travel. A fet of four, ia 

 quarto,' viz. I. A Landfcape, with Oxen, and a Woman 

 milking a Cow. 2. Another with three Horfes and two 

 Cows, with a Shepherd in the Back-ground. 3. Another 

 with two Cows, and fome Goats. 4. Another with an Afs,. 

 Goats, and a Shepherd ; and a fet of fix fmall plates, which 

 are very rare, and uncommonly fine, of heads of rams and 

 goats. 



Detached Suljfds vf Berghem. — \ cow, in folio, the earliefl 

 imprtffions of which have tiie name of Berghem in italics ; 

 a famous print of a cow watering, in foiio ; a landfcape 

 with two cows lyicig down, and another Handing on the fore- 

 ground ; a landfcape with cows, and a man on an afs ; a 

 landfcape, with a fhepherd on an afs, driving goats, in the 

 back-ground a woman is introduced with a baficet on her head, 

 all in folio ; a woman wafhing her feet in a brook, and a man 

 beliind her leaning on a ftick, with other ruftic figures r.nd 

 animals, in large folio ; a landfcape, with a man- Itandirg 

 playing the flute, and a woman feared on the ground near 

 him, a rare print, in folio ; and its companion, a Ihcpherd, 

 and his wife feated fuckling her child, a very rare print ; and 

 a boy feaied on an afs, fpeaking to another boy, who holds 

 a pair of bagpipes. 



The beauty and value of the works of this mafter depend 

 much upon the imprellions, and early, good, and well pre- 

 fervcd imprefTions are now become very icarce. 



The author of the Abecedario, mifled by the cypher 

 of Berghem, which the reader will find in our Phtc HI. 

 of the monograms of the engravers of the Netherlands, has . 



fiilka 



