L U B 



L U B 



36 mUes S. of Berlin. N. lat. 51* 37'. E. long. ij° 



45'- 



LUBBERT, SiBRAXD, in Biography, a theological pro- 



feiTor and divine, was born at Langoworde, in Friefland, 

 about the year T5J6. He ftudied in the colleges of Bre- 

 men and Wittemberg. He afterwards went to Geneva, 

 and diligently attended the ledlures of Beza, Cafaubon, and 

 Fraacis Portus. From Geneva he went to Newftadt, and 

 attended the leftures of the learned Zachary Urfinus, who, 

 after a time, recommended him as his own fuccefibr as pro- 

 feffor of logic, an honour which he declined, and accepted 

 foon af"er an invitation to become pallor of a congregation 

 at Embden. The duties of this office he difcharged with 

 fingiilar fidelity and zeal In 1584, he removed to Frief- 

 land, and was appointed preacher to the governor and de- 

 puties of the ftates of that province ; alfo profeflbr of di- 

 vinity in the new univerfity of Franeker. He went to 

 Heidelberg, where he was admitted to the degree of doftor 

 of divinity, and then returned to his profeflbrihip, which 

 he occupied %vith reputation nearly forty years. During this 

 period he was often en-ployed in very important affairs. He 

 died at Franeker in 1625, at the age of fixty-nine. He 

 was author of many learned pieces againil Bellarmin : he 

 pub'ifhed a work sgainft Sociiius, and he wrote againil Ar- 

 minius, Vorftius, Grotius, and the other defenders of the 

 caufe of the Remonilrants. His la(l work was a commen- 

 tary on ;he Catechifm of Heidelberg. Bayle. Moreri. 



LUBCZ, in Geography, 2: town of RufEan Lithuania; 

 2J miles N. of Novogrodck. 



LUBECK, a city of Germany, one of the three cities 

 of the Hanfeatic league, acknowledged a? fuch, together 

 with Hamburgh and Bremen, in the definitive treaty of in- 

 demnities, 25th of February 1803, with the guarantee of 

 their jurildiclion and perpetual neutrality. It is alfo one 

 of tlie college of imperial and free cities. It is fituated 

 within the limits of Holftein, on the navigable river Trave, 

 communicating by feveral ll reams with the Baltic and Ger- 

 man ocean. The town (lands on the two declivities of a 

 long hill, moderately high, the eaftern part extending to- 

 wards the navigable river Wackenitz, and the weftern to- 

 wards the Trave. Befides walls and towers, it is a'fo fur- 

 rounded by ftrong ramparts, and wide moats. The ftreets 

 are for the mod part fteep, and the houfes built of (lone, 

 and o'd fathioned, the doors being fo large as to admit car- 

 riages into the hail, which ferves frequently for a coach-houfe. 

 The ellabhihed religion, ever fince the year 1530, has been 

 Lutheranifm. It has four parochial churches, as well as 

 the cathedral of an ancient fee. The archbifhopric of 

 Lubeck lies in that part of the duchy of Holftein, which 

 was anciently called "Wagria." Its fee was firtl erected 

 by the «mperor Otho I. at Oldenburg, in 95!, for the con- 

 v^fion of the Wer.ds, or Veneti, who inhabited this coun- 

 try, and transferred to Lubeck in the year 1164. The 

 reformation of the dioctfe was begun under bifhop Henry 

 ©f Bocholt, and being promoted by bis fucceffors, was ac- 

 eomplifhed in 1561. The bifhop of Lubeck, though a 

 prince of the empire, yet in the college of princes fat 

 neither on the fpiritual nor temporal bepch, but on a par- 

 ticular bench placed crofs-ways, and laid there for him and 

 the bifhop of Ofnabruck, when a Lutheran. He hsd alfo 

 a vote among the princes of the circle of Lower Saxony. 

 The cathedral (lands in the imperial city of Lubeck : but is 

 invelled with no authority. The chapter confifts of thirt) per- 

 foDS, who, with the exception of four Roman Catholics, are all 

 Lutherans. When the indemaities were fettled at Ratifbon in 

 i8c2, it was decreed that the bifhopric with its chapter 

 ihould be fecularifcd in favour of the duke of Oldenbarg : 



referving only the property within the city, which was to be 

 added to the domain of the city. Lubeck was once the 

 chief city of the Hanfeatic league, which fee ; but this ho- 

 nour now belongs to Hamburgh. On the fpot where it 

 now Hands was formerly a town named " Bncu ;" but 

 when this was dcmolifhcd, about the year 1144, Adolphus 

 II., count of Holftein and Schauenburg laid the founda-' 

 tion of this city, which, in proccfs of time, became fo fa- 

 mous. In iij6 the town, which had fufiered much front 

 fire, B*as given by count Adolphus to duke Henry, 

 which, being rebuilt, he erefted into a free port, and con- 

 ferred upon it a municipal riglit of great importance. 

 This was confirmed in 1188, by the emperor Frederick I., 

 and afterwards by fucceeding emperors. In 1 276, the whole 

 city, five houfes excepted, was deftroyed by fire. Lubeck 

 has various manufaclures, and its trade Ts very confiderable, 

 partly owing to the commodioufnefs of its fituation. The 

 quay of Lubeck is on the river Trare, which fa'ls into the 

 fea at the diftance of 14 miles, and admits vefTels from iro 

 to 200 tons burden, and fometimes, but rarely, 300. Mr. 

 Coxe obferved about 120 hierchant fhips deilined to Ruffia, 

 Sweden, and Denmark. The trade, however, is chiefly 

 a trade of commiiTien, drawing from Ru(ria, Sweden, and 

 Denmark their raw commodities, and fupplying them with 

 wines, filks, cloth, and (leel ware. The export?, partly 

 by Lubeck, and partly by Hamburgh, are grain, (lax, hemp, 

 hops, wax, honey, cattle, butter, cheefe, fruits, feathers, 

 dried geefe, tallow, hnfeed, wool, and timber. Lubeck, 

 according to Hoeck, contains 30,000 inhabitants. It was 

 taken by the French in 1806. N. lat. 53' J2'. E. long. 

 10' 40'. 



Lubeck, or Luboi, an iflahd in the Ead Indian fea, 

 near Madura. Its diftance W. of Tonikaky is about 113 

 leagues ; and W. from the iflands of Saiembo 3 1 leagues. 

 S. lat. J- 43'. E. long. 1 1 2" 44'. 



LUBEN, a fmall town of Silefia, with large fuburbs, 

 in the principality of Lignitz : here is a Lutheran col- 

 lege ; 12 miles N. of Lignitz. N. lat. 51° 22'. E. long. 

 16 15'. 



LUBENAU, or LuBXOw, a town of Lower Lufatia, 

 in the circle of Calau, on a fmall river which runs into 

 the Spree, the chief place of a barony \\\xh a chateau ; 

 15 miles S.S.E. of Lubben. N. lat. 51' 53'. E. long. 



13 '52'- 



LUBE RS AC, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Correze, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrict 

 of Brives ; 8 miles W. of Uzerche. The place contains 

 3087, and the canton 10,351 inhabitants, on a territory of 

 247^ k'iiometres, in 13 communes. 



LUBIEN, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 26 miles 

 S.S.W. of Pofen. 



LUBIENIETZKT, Stanil.\us, in Biography, a cele- 

 brated Unitarian rainifter in the 17th century, was bom at 

 Racow in the year 1623. He was educated with great 

 care, and his father introduced him, in due time., to perfons 

 of refpeftability and confequence in the (late. About the 

 year 164S he was admitted into the minillry by .the fynod - 

 of Czarcow, and appointed pallor of a church of that 

 name. This fituation he was obliged to quit in J655, upon 

 the irruption of the Swedes into that neighbourhood, and » 

 in the following year he retired with hii family to Cracow. 

 Here he employed much of his time with the other mi- 

 niflers, in frequent falling, prayer, and preaching ; and for 

 the benefit of the Hungarian Unitarians, who came thithec 

 with prince Ragot(ki, he frequently preached in the Latia 

 language. While he continued at Cracow he was much 

 noticed by the king of Sweden, who did luoi the honour 



