LUC 



almoft every kind of religion, have drnwn upon liini tlie ccn- 

 fiire of moralifts in all ages. The bell editions of Liician's 

 works are tliofe of Bourdelct, Paris l6iy; of Grxviiis, 

 Amil. 1687 ; of Reitziiis, Amll. 1743, and the Bipontine 

 •edition in 10 vols. 1789 — 9^. 



'Lucian, (de eleft. feu Cygnis,) is the only ancient writfr 

 ivho has dr.rcd to dcuibt of the mufical abiHties of fwans. He 

 tells us, with his ufual pleafantry, that he tried to afcortain 

 the faft, by making a voyage on the coalis of Italy ; and 

 relates, that being arrived at the mouth of the Po, he and 

 his friends had the curioiity to fail up that river, in ord -r 

 to afl^; the watermen and inhabitants concerning the tragical 

 fate of Phaeton ; and to examine the poplar?, defcendants 

 of his fillers, whom they cxpcfted to fhed amber inflead of 

 tears ; as well as to fee the fwans rcprefent the friends of 

 this unfortunate prince, and hear them fing lamentations and 

 forrowful hymns, night and day, to his praife, as they n fed 

 to do in the charafter of muficians, and favourites of Apollo, 

 before their change. However, thcfe good people, who 

 never had heard of any fuch metamorphofes, freely con- 

 fefTed, that they had indeed fometimes feen fuans in the 

 marlhes ne^r the river, and had beard them croak and fcream 

 in fuch a difagreeable manner, that crows and jays would 

 be firens, compared with them, in a mufical capacity ; but 

 that they had never even dreamed of fwans finging a fingle 

 note that was pleafing, or fit to be heard. 



LuriAN, a Chriftian martyr in the fourth century, is 

 fuppofed to have been a native of Antioch, of which place 

 he became a prelbyter. He was a pious and learned man, very 

 eloquent, and well flcillcd in the knowledge of the fcripturcs. 

 He publifhed an edition of the St-ptuagint, with correAions, 

 fuggefted by a collation of ancient copies, which veriion 

 was generally ufed in Jerome's time by the churches from 

 Conftantinople to Antioch. He publiflied alfo an edition of 

 the New Tcllament, the canon of which appears to have 

 been much the fame with that of other Chrillians. Jerome 

 does not commend thefe editions ; he depreciates Lucian's 

 Septuagint in comparifon with Origen's. It is certain that 

 Lucian was in high elleem with the Arians of the fourth 

 century, and on that account it has been fuppofed that he 

 adopted their principles; thouoh he is claimed on the other 

 fide as the advocate of the doclriue of the Trinity ; but Dr. 

 Lardner, who has examined the qneflion with his ufual dili- 

 gence, candour, and impartiality, obferves, " Whether Lu- 

 cian's opinion concerning the Trini'y, particularly con- 

 cerning the Word, was the fame with that, which is now 

 reckoned orthodox, or not, which is a point not calily de- 

 termined ; we have fecn other accounts of him which are 

 iinquelHoned ; and all mull be fatisfied, that he was a pious, 

 learned, and diligent man ; that he believed Jefus to be a 

 divine teacher and the Chrift." During the pcrfecution of 

 the Chriflians iti the reign of Maximin, Lucian was appre- 

 hended, and condufled to Nicoraedia, where the emperor 

 then was. Here he was commanded, in the prcfence of 

 the monarch, to renounce the Cbridian faith ; this he not 

 only refufed, but delivered an able and very eloquent defence 

 of it, of which the fallowing is given in Lardner : " It is no 

 fecret, faid he, that the God whom v.-e ClirilHans worfhip, 

 is the one God declared to us by Chrift, and by the Holy 

 Gholl infpired in our hearts. I own, that w: alfo once 

 trufted in gods of our own making, but Almiglity God, 

 commiferating the errors of mankind, fent his wifdom into 

 this world clothed in fledi to teach us the knowL-dgc of 

 God, who made the heavens and the earth, who is eternal 

 and inviriblc. He, moreover, gave us a rule of life, and 

 <lclivered to us the precepts of rightcoufnefs ; he taught us 

 to praflife fobriety, to rejoice in poverty, to be very meek, 



LUC 



to bewflling to fnfPer, to preferve the purity of our minds. 

 To be patient at all times. He likewife foretold the thing* 

 that have fince happened to us ; that we fliould be brought 

 before kings and rulers, and be flaughtered as victims ; for 

 which .caule alfo, though he was immortal, as being the 

 Word and Wifdom of God, he yielded himfelf to death, 

 that, whilft he was in the body, he might fet us an example 

 of patience. Nor did he deceive ns by dying, but on the 

 third day rofe again, being innocent and unfpotted, and un- 

 dergoing death only that be might overccme it by rifing 

 again. Thefe things are well attelled, and a large part of 

 the world now acknowledge the truth of them." Upon 

 this he was fent to prifon, and fpeedily put to death, but 

 in what manner is not known. He was buried at Hele- 

 nopolis. Lardner, vol, iii. edit. 1788. 



LUCIAN A, in Geography, a town of Spain, in the pro- 

 vince of Seville ; eight miles W.N.W. of Ecija. 



LUCIANANO, a town of Etruria ; 12 miles W. of 

 Cortona. 



I-UCIANISTS, or LucA>nsTS, a religious feft, fo 

 called from Lucianus, or Lucanus, a heretic of the fecond 

 century, being a difcipie of Marcion, whofe errors he fol- 

 lowed, adding fome new ones to them. 



Epiphanius fays, he abandoned Marcion ; teaching, that 

 pe jple ought not to marry for fear of enriching the Creatorx 

 and yet other authors maintain, that he held this error in 

 common with Marcion, and other Gnollics. He denied 

 the immortality of the foul ; afferting it to be material. 



There was another fcft of Lucianilts, who appeared fome 

 time after the Arians. They taught that the Father had 

 been a Father always, and that he had the name even before 

 lie begot the Son ; as having in him the power, or faculty 

 of generation ; and in this manner they accounted for the 

 eternity of the Son. 



LUCIANO, in Geography, a town of Spain, in New 

 Callile ; 19 miles W. of Civdad Reel. 



LUCID Intervals, the fits of lunatics, or maniacs,; 

 wherein the phrenzy leaves them in poffefllon of their reafon. 



It is faid, lunatics are capable of making a will in their 

 lucid intervals. 



LUCIDA ConoN.'R, in /IJIrommy, a fixed ftar of the-. 

 fecond magnitude, in the noriliern crown. See Corona" 

 Borealls. 



LuciDA Hydra. See CoR Hydra. 



LuciDA Lyrt, a bright liar of the firft magnitude, in 

 the conllellation Lyra. 



LLICIDO, vSt., in Geography, a town of Naples, in 

 Calabria Citra ; I I miles W.N.W. of Coleiiza. 

 ■ LUCIDUM SEPTiiM. Sec SEi-ru.M. 



LUCIFER, in Aftronomy and Mythology, a name given 

 to the planet Venus, when rtie appears in the morning be- 

 fore fun-rife. 



Lucifer, in Biography, a celebrated bidiop of Cagliari, 

 the metropolitan city of the iHand of Sardinia, fl.nuriflied in 

 the fourth century. He was one of the deputies fent by 

 pope Libcriu"; to Milan, in the year 354, at the lime when 

 the emperor Conllantius had fummoned a council for th; 

 purpofe of condemning Athanafuis. Lucifer, and Eufebius, 

 bifhop of Verceil, adiiered moll ftrenuoully to the ciufc of 

 Athaiiafiu?, which fo enraged the emperor that he banlflied 

 them into the Eall. I.,ucifer was fent to a city in Syria, 

 from whence he •.as removed to Eleuthcropolis in Palelline. 

 Here he wrote two books, in defence of Athanafius and his 

 fupportcrs, with fo much boldnefs, or perhaps violence, 

 that St. Jerome fays he mull at the time have made up his 

 mind to the fufiering of martyrdom. Thefe books he not 

 only made public, but fent a copy of them to Conflantius,. 

 4 B 2 in 



