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don epidcndnim ; Linn. Sp. PI. i6j^. Hvidf. 645'. With. 

 V. 4. ;5Sj'. Sowerb. Fung. t. 52. Uolt. Fung. v. ^. iirj. 

 t. 119. f. I. Mucor ; SclisefF. Fung. t. 195.) — Aggregate, 

 globofe ; at firll fcarlet ; then brown, with rofe-colouroJ 

 powder. — Common on the trunks of trees, after rain, in 

 fummer and autumn. Its vivid vermihon or fcarlet hue, 

 ■when young, is very ftriking. In decay it turns brown or 

 black. Mr. Sowerby has exhibited, in his t. 400. f. 2, g, 

 w!i,it he elleems a luxuriant variety of this, but which feems 

 to us a dillinft fpecies, being much larger, confluent, pale 

 pink and veiny, foon turning quite black. In an early ftate 

 it looked like the inteftines of a fowl. — Lycoperdon pififorms 

 of LinnsTvis is judged by Perfoon to be only a roughilli-coated 

 variety of this Lycogala mtiuatum. 



'6. L. conktim. Perf. n. 5. — Scattered, conical ; at firft 

 red ; then purplifli-violet. — Found, very rarely, on the rot- 

 ten trunks of trees. About one or two lines high, exaftly 

 conical, but obtufe, clothed with little fcatterej fibrous 

 granulations. Powder of a violet red. Perfoon. 



LYCOIDES, a term ufed by medical writers to exprefs 

 tlie diforders which arifo in the human body by a long re- 

 tention of the feed. Tliefe are fometimes madnefs, and 

 very often dangerous quinlies and fwellings, and inflamma- 

 tions about the neck and throat. If we confider the natural 

 tendency of the diforders of this kind to affecl the neck, 

 and the remarkable fwelling of the necks of bucks, and fome 

 other animals at rutting time, it may give fome rational hints 

 toward:', underftanding the alteration of the voice in boys who 

 arrive at puberty. 



Blancard derives the word lycoides, from Ai/y.o--, lupus, and 

 £1^0;-, forma, from a fuppofitioa that wolves are fubjecl to 

 this diforder. 



LYCOMING, in Geography, a county of America, in 

 the N.W. part of Pennfylvania, bounded N. by the Itate 

 of New York, and W. by Alleghany county ; 150 miles 

 long and 86 broad, being the largell in the ftate. The 

 north and weft parts are unfettled. It is divided into 10 

 townfhips, and contains 5414 inhabitants. — Alfo, a creek, 

 which runs fouth, and difcharges itfelf into the W. branch 

 of Shfquehanna, a few miles W. of Loyalfock creek. 



LYCOPERDASTRUM, in Botany, Balbrd Puff-ball, 

 Mich. Gen. 219. t. 99. See Scleroderm.v. 



LYCOPERDOIDES, Mich. Gen. 219. t. 98, a genus 

 conlifling of three fpeeies of fungi, very unlike each other. 

 The firft has a (tout thick many-rooted item, four inches 

 high, and is the Scleroderma tlnSorium of Perfoon, Syn. 152. 

 The others are fubterraneous produftions, akin to the Lyco- 

 p:rdon cer-vhunn of Linnsus. 



LYCOPERDON, fo called by Tourncfort, from \mo:, 

 a luolf, and ^sfJv, to explode bach-jiards, this author having 

 certainly improved the old foolifh name. Crepitus lupi, by 

 making ft lefs generally intelligible. We do not prefume to 

 account for this curious appellation. The French caU the 

 fungus to which it is applied Veje-loup, or Wolf-bladder ; 

 the Englifh Puff-ball; and the Germans ^o/^? ; from which 

 lall Dil!:-:iius contrived the barbarous name Bovijla. Linn. 

 Gen. 569. Schreb. 770. Mir:. Mill. Did. v. 3. Perf. Syn. 

 140. Juif. 5. Tourn. t. 331. Lamarck Illullr. t. 887. — 

 Clafs and order, Cryptogamia Fungi. Nat. Ord. Fungi. 



Eff. Ch. Cafe caulefcent, b-rtting irregularly at the top, 

 clothed Willi fcaly or pointed warts. — (The powder or feed 

 is greenifh.) Perfoon. 



The author lad mentioned defines 14 fpccics of this 

 genus, very properly rellnc^ing it to fuch fungi as aiihvcr 

 to the above charafter, and excluding the Harry puff-balls, 

 (fee Geastru-m) ; as well as the Tuber, the Scleroderma, and 



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fome other? which Linnaeus comprehended under his LycO' 

 perdon. Examples are 



L. giganteum. Perf. n. I. Batfch Fung. t. 165. (L. max- 

 imum ; Scha;fr. Fung. v. 4. 130. v. 2. t. 191. L. Bovifta ; 

 Bulliard t. 447. L. Proteus; Sowerb. Fung. t. 332, two 

 upper figures.) — This is often found as big as a man's head, 

 in dry upland paftures, in various parts of England and the 

 fcuth of Europe. Vv'hcn the upper part, and the whole 

 povvdery contents, are blown away, the fpongy bafe, witli 

 a ihin torn edge, remains for a confiderable ti-Tie. The 

 root is fmall, but tough. 



L. pyriforme. Peri. n. I 2. Schxff. Fung, v, 4. ijS. v. 2. 

 t. 185. (L.ovoideum; Bulliard t. 435. f. 3-) — Found on 

 rotten Ihimps in beech woods in autumn. It is an inch and 

 a half high, and an incfi broad, tapering at the bafe, and 

 pointed at the top, of a dirty brownifh-wliite. 



'L,- gnffypinum. Perf. n. 14. Bulliard t. 435. f. r. — Found 

 on roltcii wocd ia France. A pretty fpecies, about one- 

 fourth of an inch in diameter, globofe with a (hort taper bafe, 

 all over white or pale grey, and covered as it were with a 

 fine down or cottony uibllance. 



LYCOPERSICON, from Xu/.o;, a wolf, and fjir.Xr, 

 ^ffs-r-.OT, a peach, the Tomato, or Love-apple, Solanum 

 I^ycopeificum of Linnxus. This- fruit is valued for its grate- 

 ful acidity in Italy, Spain and Portugal, where it makes a 

 principal ingredient in many foups and other difhes, Ueing 

 moreover fiippofed to polTcfs a ilimulating, or aphrodifiac 

 property. Railed in England, its flavour is more infipid, 

 and its qualities not in any refpecl, as far as we have heard, 

 remarkable ; except that tew llomachs can bear it in any 

 great quantity. The fruit is bell fried in dices, peppered 

 and falted, as a fauce for game or any roaft meat. 



LYCOPHRON, in Biography, foil of Periander, king 

 of Corinth, fiourifhed about five hundred and fifty yeari 

 before the Chrifliaii era. The murder of his mother Me- 

 liffa, by his father, had fuch an effect upon him, that he 

 refolved never more to fpeak to him. This rcfolution was 

 ilrengthencd by their uncle Proclus, king of Epidaurus, 

 who took Lycophron and his brother under his proteftion. 

 When the infirmities of Periander obliged him to look for a 

 fuccefTor, Lycophron, who was then in the illand of Cor- 

 cyra, refuted to come to Corinth while his father was 

 there, and he was induced to promife to fettle in that city, 

 only on condition that his father would come and dwell on 

 the ifland which he left. So fearful, however, were the 

 Corcyrians of the tjTanny of Periander, that they killed the 

 fon to prevent the meditated exchange from taking place. 



LYCornrtos, a famous Greek poet and grammarian, was 

 born at Chalcis, in Eubosa, and flmirifhed about three 

 hundred years before the Ciirillian era. He was one of 

 thofc poets who lived in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, 

 and who from their number obtained the name of Pleiades. 

 According to Ovid he was (lain by an arrow. He was 

 author of feveral tragedies, of which the titles of twenty 

 have been preferved ; but the only work that has come down 

 to us, is a very fingular poem, entitled " Alexandra," or 

 CafTandra, the fubjecl of which is a feries.of prediAions 

 feigned by him to have beui uttered by that daughter of 

 Priam. This poem contains 1474 verles, the obfcurity of 

 which has procured the epithet of " Tenebrofus" to its 

 author. It is a mixture of prophetical efTufions, fuppofcd 

 to have been delivered by Calfandra during the Trojan war. 

 The bed editions are that of Bafil, 15'46, enriched with a 

 commentary by Tzetzcs; that of Canter, 1596; and thai 

 or our countrvman, archbifhop Potter, in 1702. 



LYCOPH'THALMUS, the ivclfs eye-Jhne, a name 



given by fome authors to fuch pieces of agate, or any other 



4 T 2 femi- 



