L Y C 



L Y C 



former, but differs cffcntially in its much clofed and « horled 

 haves, not half an inch long, bhnit and concave, without 

 rib or vein ; the upper ones very gradually (horter and more 

 ovate, with folitary, palifh, axillary, roundifli, flightly reni- 

 forme, capfuks. 



L. Selago. Fir Club-mofs. Linn. Sp. PI. 1565. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 233. S'.v. n. 12. Fl. Dan. t. 104. — Leaves fcattered, 

 in eight rows, fomewhat imbricated, lanceolate, acute, rather 

 eoncave. Stem forked, erect, level-topped. — Native of 

 rather moill mountainous heaths ; the only Britilh fpecies of 

 this tirfl fection. The Jlifms are about a fpan high, befet 

 with dark, ihining, fir-like leaves. Capfuks fmall, brownifh- 

 yellow. 



The fpiked fpecies are not only numerous, but, in many 

 inftances, remarkable for fize and beauty. The Britifh ones 

 are inumiatum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1565. Engl. Bot. t. 239 ; aljii- 

 fium, ib. 1567. E. Bot. t. 334; — annotinum, ib. 1566. E. 

 Bot. t. 1727 ; — and the common clavafitm, ib. 1564, E. 

 Bot. t. 324. — This lad grows abundantly on dry mountain- 

 ous heaths, creeping on the ground to the extent of feveral 

 feet ; the fruit-bearing branches only being erecl. Thefe 

 bear one, two or three, finger-like denfe fpikes of ovate, 

 taper-pointed, membranous-edged, imbricated bradeas, each 

 with an axillary folitary brown capfuh. 



Of the foreign ones none is more ftriking than L. Phkg- 

 maria. Linn Sp. PI. 1564. (L. ereftum dichotomum, fohis 

 cruciatis, fpicis gracilibus ; Dill. Mufc. 450. t. 61. f. j.] — 

 Leaves ovate or heart-fhaped, entire ; the lower ones four 



in a whorl. Spikes thread-fhaped, forked This grows in 



various parts of the Eaft Indies, as well as in the ifle of 

 Bourbon. Mr. Menzies gathered our fpecimen in Otaheite. 

 It is 18 inches or more in height, flightly forked or 

 branched, clothed with numerous Ihining leaves, not fo regu- 

 larly whorled, at lead the upper ones, as Dillenius found 

 them. The long, terminal, flender, forked Jpiies, with 

 their little roundilh braSeas, fcarcely broader than the ac- 

 companying capfuks, are very fingular. 



Among the fpecies with two forts of capfules is 

 Y,. Jlalellatum. Linn. Sp. PI. 1568. (Lycopodioides den- 

 tatum ereclum fiUcinum, caule tereti ramofiffimo ; Dill. 

 Mufc. 468. t. 65. f 5. Mufcus fquamofus ereftus ; Plum. 

 Fil. t. 43 Amer. t. 24.) — Leaves two-ranked, ovate, ob- 

 lique, fringed at the bafe, accompanied by a double row of 

 fmaller imbricated ones in front. Stem round, repeatedly 

 branched, flattened above. — The figures of this fpecies, 

 which is found in the Weft Indies, give but an inadequate 

 idea of its beauty. Its flat fan-hke fhape, and the exqui- 

 . litely neat arrangement of the innumerable little fliining 

 leaves, give it a peculiar and ftriking afpe<ft. The fpikes 

 are fmall, and fparingly produced. Root fibrous. Whole 

 plant from one to two feet high. 



LYCOPOLIS, m Ancient Geography, viz. tk' city of the 

 Wolves, an ancient town of Upper Egypt, in the The- 

 bais, fituated on the weftern fide of the Nile ; fo called, 

 becaufe extraordinary worftiip was paid here to wolves, 

 which, according to Diodorus Siculus, drove back the 

 Ethiopians when they invaded Egypt, and purfued them 

 to Elephantina,on the borders of Ethiopia. This city is 

 luppofed to have ftood where the prefent town of Monfalut 

 now ftands. 



LYCOPSIS, in Betany, fo called by Pliny, being alfo 

 the ^uxoj.1.; of Diofcorides, owes its derivation to /,i//.o.:, a 

 wolf, and cj-i;, a face, or countenance, from the circum- 

 ftance of the flowers being ringent, and having the appear- 

 ance of a grinning mouth ; the herbage is alfo furnifhed, 

 fays Ambrofinus, with a fort of rigid hairinefs fimilar to 

 the coat of a wolf. Linn. Gen. 78. Scbveb. 103. Willd. 



12 



Sp. PI. V. I. 770. Mart. Mill. Did. v. 3. Sm. Fl. Brit. 

 2 20. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. i. 297. Juft". 131. La- 

 marck lUuftr. t. 92. G^rtn. t. 67 Clafs and order, 



Pentanclria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Afperifolix, Linn. Bor- 

 raginee, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, in five, oblong, acute> 

 fpreading, permanent fegments. Cor. of one petal, funnel- 

 fliaped; tube cylindrical, bent in a curve; limb five-cleft 

 half way down, obtufc ; mouth clofed, with five convex, 

 prominent, uniting fcales. Stam. Filaments five, very fmall, 

 placed at the curve of the tube of the corolla ; anthers 

 fmall, covered. Pi/l. Germens four, fuperior ; ftyle thread- 

 fliaped, the length of the ftamens ; ftigma obtufe, cloven. 

 Peric. none, except the very large, inflated calyx. Seeds 

 four, 'rather long. 



Eft". Ch. Corolla with a curved tube, its mouth clofed 

 with convex fcales. 



Linnxus was acquainted with feven fpecies of Lyeopfis, to 

 which Willdenow has added two more, L. ciliata, and oblu- 

 Jtfolia. This genus is particularly marked by the tube of 

 the flowers beiiig curved ; indeed this circumftance is con- 

 fidered by Linnaeus and Willdenow as a fufficient effential 

 character. The following fpecies will ferve to illuftrate the 

 genus. 



L. puUa. Dark-flowered Buglofs. Linn. Sp. PI. 198. 

 Jacq. Auftr. t. 188. — Leaves entire. Stem ereft. Calyx, 

 when in fruit, inflated, pendulous. — Found in fields and 

 by road-fides in Tartary and Germany, where it flowers 

 from the beginning of May to July. — Root perennial, of 

 nearly a finger's thicknefs, long, blackifli. Stem about a 

 foot high, roundifli ; fimple below ; dividing upwards into 

 flowering branches. Leaves alternate, feffile, foft, thickifti, 

 pale green. Flowers folitary ; petals fmooth, dark purple 

 or nearly black, the tube reddifli at its bafe, the limb 

 marked with five funk dots at the bottom. Seeds roundifli, 

 I'omewhat rugofe, flicking to the pendulous and fwelling 

 calyx. 



L. arvenfs. Small Buglofs. Linn. Sp. PI. 199. Engl 

 Bot. t. 938. Curt. Lond. fafc. 5. t. 17. Fl. Dan. t. 435. — 

 Leaves lanceolate, briftlv. Calyx, when in flower, ereft. — 

 Very common in fields and wafte places all over England. 

 It flowers in June and July — The whole plant is hifpid. 

 Stem round, angulated, eredl, branched. Leaves oblong 

 heart-fliaped, embracing the ftem. Clujlcrs in pairs, termi- 

 nal, leafy. Flowers fmall, of a lively blue colour, with a 

 white eye. Seeds angular, rugofe, tuberculated. The juices 

 of this plant are mucilaginous, hke thofe of Borage. 



LYCOPUS is faid to be derived^ from Kvy.of, a wolf, 

 and rroi;-, a foot, though we are perfedlly incompetent to 

 trace the origin of fuch a derivation. Linn. Gen. 15. 

 Schreb. 20. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 1. 120. Mart. Mill. Did. 

 V. 3. Sm. Fl. Brit. 29. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed 2. v. I. 47. 

 Brown. Prod. Fl. Nov. HoU. 500. Tournef. t. 89. Jufr. 

 III. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 18. — Clafs and order, Dtandr\<t 

 Monogyr.ia. Nat. Ord. I'irticillat.r, Linn. Labiate, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, tubular, 

 cloven half way down into five, narrow, acute, fegments. 

 Cor. of one petal, rather unequal ; tube cylindrical, the 

 length of the calyx ; hmb obtufe,- fpreading in four, nearly 

 equal divifions ; the upper one broader, emargisate ; the 

 4ower fmaller. Stam. Filaments two, generally longer than 

 the corolla, inclining to the upper fegment ; anthers fmall. 

 Pijl. Germen fuperior, four-cleft ; ftyle thread-fliaped, 

 ftraight, as long as the ftamens ; ftigma cloven, reflexed. 

 Peric. none, except the calyx containing the feeds in its 

 bottom. Seeds four, roundifli, bluntifli. 



Efl-. 



