L Y O 



L Y O 



and a mineral fpring. Forez confills principally of an «- vents, thiee public fchools, a college of pliyfic, two general 



tenfive and fruitful valley, yielding grain, wine, hemp, and hofpitals, &c. ; and, befides tliefe, an acadi-my of fciences, 



cliefnuts, and is watered by the Loire and other ftrcams. inditntcd A. D. 1700, and an academy of fine arts, eila- 



Beaujolais is a fertile dillricl, twelve leagues in length, and bliflicd in 1724, both which were united in 175S, a fociety 



feven in breadth. Lyonnois and Beaujolais are nov/ in- of agriculture, a veterinary fchool, a theatre, a public li- 



eluded in the department of the Rhone and Forez m that 



■of the Loire. 



LYONS, in Geography, a fmall idandinthe Eaft Indian 

 fca, near the E. coall of Oby. S. lat. i'' 35'. E. long. 



"^28 14'. 



Lvoxs, Lugi'untm, a city of France, and capital of the 



■ department ot the Rhone ;' but, brfore the revolution, the 

 ci'.pital of the province called Lvonnois, above defcribed, 

 liiua'ed at the conflux of the Rhone and the Saone ; over 

 the former there arc two bridges, and over the latter three. 



brary, feventy companies of tradcfmen and artifts, three 

 forts, an arfenal well fupplied and carefully arranged, an in- 

 firmary, five hundred feet in Icngtli, &c. to all which we may 

 add magnificent quays. At an early period of the revolu- 

 tion, an union was formed between the towns of Lyons, 

 Marfeilles and Toulon, under the title of " Federal Repub- 

 licanifm," contrary to the fenfe of tlie nation, which inclined 

 to favour a republic one and indivifible. Lyons contained 

 a great number of difaffefted perfons, both Royalifts and 

 Girondiftp, and was declared to be in a Hate of rebellion, 

 •rhis city was cue of the places concjuered by Csefar ; but a After a fiege of two months, during which it is fuppofed to 



" ...-.-.• ^ > <■ • T^.1 have loll 20CO men, and a great part of the city was reduced 



to adies, Lyons furrendered, and many of the rebels who 

 were not able to efcape were taken and executed. By a 



little after the death of this dictator, Munatius Plancus re 

 ceived orders from the Roman fenate to re-alTemblc at 

 Lugdunum the inhabitants of Vienne, who had been driven 

 from this city by the AUobroges. In a little time this 

 . colony became very powerful, fo that Strabo fays it was 

 not inferior to Narbonne, with reflect to number of inha- 

 bitants. In the fifth century this city was taken by the 

 B'.ir^undians, whofe king became feudatory to Clovis. The 

 fonsof Clovis, however, fubdued the Burgundians, and took 

 pofleinor. of Lyons. When the dominions of Lewis De- 

 bonnaire were divided, Lyons, with the grcateft part of 

 Buro-undy, was transferred to Lothaire. Before the re- 

 volution, it was the fee of an archbifhop, who was primate 

 of France, and was reckoned the fecond city of the kingdom 

 in trade, manufaftures, and commerce ; and was fuppofed 

 to contain 150,000 inhabitants. Thefe were, in all periods, 

 diftinguiflied for indullry, arts, and love of freedom. Under 

 the Romans, as a municipium, it poirefled valuable immunities : 

 and when it became a colony, it was cherilhed and protefted. 

 Under the fovereigns of France, it has enioyed peculiar pri- 

 vileges, being governed by its own magilliates, and guarded 

 by its own militia. Four annual fairs, each of fifleen days, 

 inllituted in the reign of Lewis XL, have much contributed 

 to the advancement of its traffic. Its good government 

 naturally attracted citizens, whilll the troubles excited at 

 various periods in the nt-iglibouring dates, more efpecially 

 about the year 1290, between the contending factions of the 

 Guelphs and Ghibeilines, occaf oned many from Italy and 

 Florence to take refuge in a city where they could live in 

 fecurity and peace. The principal dependence of Lynn 



decree of the convention, the walls and public buildings of 

 Lyons were ordered to be del*royed, and the name of the 

 city itfelf to be changed into that of " Ville Affranchie ;" 

 but this decree was afterwards repealed. It is Hated to 

 contain 109, jco inhabitants, and the fix cantons, into which 

 it is divided, to inch:de 123,510, on a territory of 55 kilio- 

 metres, in four comnuines. N. lat. 45'' 46'. E. long. 4- 50'. 

 Lyons, a village of America, in Ontario county, and 

 townfiiip of Phelps, in New York, at the iuniflion of Mud 

 and Canandarque creeks ; 16 miles N. of Geneva, and about 

 20 S. of Sodus ; fituated in a fine country, and accom- 

 modated with excellent advantages for water-conveyance. 



LYONSIA, in Botany, ferves to commemorate Mr. Ifrael 

 Lyons, born at Cambridge in 1739, being the fon of a 

 Polilb Jew, fettled there as a filverimith ; who publifhed 

 " A Hebrew Grammar,'' and '• Obfervations and Enquiries 

 relating to various Parts of Scripture Hillory." He was 

 dillinguifhed as a mathematician and botanill, and had the 

 honotir of inftrutling in the latter fcience the celebrated 

 fir Jofcph Banks, by whofe recommendation he read a courfe 

 of letturcs on Botany at Oxford, where fuch a courfe was 

 then much wanted. He died in London of the meafies, 

 about two years after he had accompanied Captain Phipps, 

 afterwards lord Mulgrave, towards the north pole, in 1773. 

 For lome time he was employed as one of the calculators 

 of the Nautical Almanac, for which he received an annual 

 falary of an hu"dred pounds : and at the time of his death 



and the fource of its wealth, have been its manufafture of he was preparincr for the prefs a complete edition of all the 



filk in all its branches. The trade of Lyons has been im 

 mcnfe with Spain, Italy, Switzerla"d, Germany, Holland, 

 England, &c. From Spain, the inhabitants received wool, 

 filks, drugs, piaftres, and ingots cf gold and filver, in return 

 for cloth, hnen, fuftian, coffee, paper, &c. To Italy they 

 fent cloth, linen, filk ftuff?, lace, books, mercery, and mil- 

 linery, receiving in return filk, velvet, damad., fatin, tatfeties, 

 and rice. To Switzerland they fent coarfe cloth, hats, • Ccntortit, Linn 

 faffron, wine, oil, foap, and mercery, and received from 

 thence cheefe, linen, and, in time of war, horfes. The great 



#1 



works of Dr. Halley. Befides feveral mathematical werks, 

 among which we may reckon his " Fluxions," publilhed in 

 1758; he had in contemplation a Flora Cantalr'igenfis ; 

 but publifhed only a '■'■ Fafc'iculus" of plants difcovered in 

 that neighbourhood fince the time of Ray, in 1763, in 8vo. 

 Brown. Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. I. 466. ^Vern. Tranf. v. 1. 

 6.'5. — Clafs and order, Pentandfia Monogynia. Nat. Ord. 

 yipocineit, .Tuff Brown. 

 Elf. Ch. Corolla funnel-fhaped ; its mouth and tube 

 without fcales ; limb in five deep, recurved, equilateral feg- 



..,....._... — . — , , ,... ~ , — — - ^^ — 7 ~ ^ J, , i (-, 



towns of Germany purchafe from Lyons, befides the fame mentP. Stamens prominent ; filaments thread-fhaped, in- 



merchandize as the Swifs, fluffs of gold and filver. From 

 Holland, Lyons took more merchandize than that which it 

 fent in return. With the other parts of France it carried 

 on a very confiderable trade. Lyons reckoned eleven parifhes, 

 fix gates, four fatixbourgs, and was divided into thirty-five 

 diltricts, named " Panonages." The cathedral church was 

 a magnificent Gothic building ; the town-houfe is efteemed 

 one of the ifioft bea'.itiful in Europe ; and its other public 

 iuildings, before the revolution, were four abbies, fifty coii- 



fcrted into the middle of the tube ; anthers arrow-fhaped, 

 cohering with the lUgma by the middle, their hind lobes 

 void of pollen. Genr.en of two cells ; Ityie one, thread- 

 fhaped, dilated at the top ; fligma foinewhat conical. 

 Scales at the bafe of the germen combined. Capfule 

 cylindrical, of tv. o cells, its valves like follicles, with a 

 parallel dilliniSt partition, bearing the feeds on each fide 

 upon fixed receptacles. 



J. L,.Jlramiriea, the only fpecies, gathered by Mr, Brown 

 4 at 



