HITCHCOCK AND CHASE—TROPICAL NORTH AMERICAN PANICUM. 5381 
115. Panicum zizanioides H. B. K. | 
Panicum zizanioides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 100. 1816; Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 
15: 325. 1910. 
DISTRIBUTION. 
Moist usually shaded places, Mexico and the West Indies to Paraguay. The type 
locality, Colombia. 
Veracruz: Cérdoba, Hitchcock 6436. 
Oaxaca: Trapeche de la Concepcion, Liebmann 394. 
Tasasco: San Juan Bautista, Rovirosa 624. 
Curapas: Ocuilapa, Nelson 3023. 
GuatEMALA: Cubilquitz, Tiirckheim 7699, 7700, 8785, 8796. Coban, Tiirckheim 
3828. 
NicaraGcua: Jinotepe, Hitchcock 8680. 
Costa Rica: Hacienda de Zent, Tonduz 302. La Florida, Pittier 11276. Matina, 
Pittier 10307. Talamanca, Tonduz 8566. San Rafael, Pittier 2598. 
Panama: David, Hitchcock 8351. Tabernilla, Mitchcock 8112, 8385. Gatun, 
Hitchcock '7974. Gamboa, Pit- 
tier 4790. Between Gamboa 
and Cruces, Pittier 3781. 
Along the Rio Sirri, Pittier 
4026. 
Cusa: Sancti Spiritus, Leon 903. 
Laguna Castellano, Baker 
4334, Wilson 9567. Puentes 
Grandes, Leén 2743. Sumi- 
dero, Leédn 13635. Without 
locality, Wright 3466. 
Jamaica: Gordon Town, Hart 726. Port Antonio, Maxon 2109. Ramble, Hitch- 
cock 9513. Castleton Gardens, Hitchcock 9398. Above Constant Spring, 
Hitchcock 9278. Buff Bay, Hitchcock 9779. Ipswich, Hitchcock 9609. 
Ewarton to Linstead, Hitchcock 9419. St. Georges, Portland, Harris 11420. 
Temple Hall, Harris 11385. Troy, Hitchcock 9781. Montego Bay, Hitchcock 
9684. Without locality, Alexander Prior in 1850, Wullschlaegel 1108. 
Trinipap: Port of Spain, Hitchcock 9958. Mount Pleasant Estate, Bot. Gard. Herb. 
2286. Toco, Broadway 2563. Without locality, Bot. Gard. Herb. 3188. 
Tosaco: Great Dog River, Eggers 5810. Roxburgh, Hitchcock 10258. Easter- 
field, Broadway 4556. 
Fig. 147.—Distribution of P. zizanioides. 
116. Panicum hirtum Lam. 
Panicum hirtum Lam. Encycl. 4: 741. 1798. Lamarck states that ‘“‘Cette plante 
croit 4 Cayenne, d’ou elle a été envoyée par Jos. Martin.’’ The type specimen in the 
Lamarck Herbarium is marked ‘‘Panicum hirtum Lam. dict. Cayenne. Martin.” 
DESCRIPTION. 
Plants annual, at first simple and erect, later branching and decumbent, rooting 
at the lower nodes; culms slender, puberulent, the fertile branches 20 to 40 cm. high; 
sheaths shorter than the internodes, loose, short-villous, densely ciliate on the margin; 
ligule a delicate toothed membrane less than 0.5 mm. long; blades flat, thin, 2 to 6 cm. 
long, 0.8 to 2 cm. wide, ovate to lanceolate, cordate-clasping at base, rather abruptly 
acuminate, scabrous on the upper surface, sparsely hispid on both surfaces, ciliate at 
the base; panicles exserted or included at base, 3 to 7 cm. long, half to two-thirds as 
