Physical Theory of Secular Changes of Climate. 89 
climate, whereas I entirely ignore this condition. Nothing 
could be further from the truth than such a supposition. I 
distribution of sea and land. Take, as one example, the f- 
stream, a current which played so important a part in the 
phenomena of the Glacial epoch very slight change in 
from the Carribean Sea. One of the main causes of the ex- 
treme condition of things in Northwestern Europe, as well as 
a eastern parts of America, during the Glacial epoch, was a 
large withdrawal of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream; and 
this was to a great extent due, as I stated in my very first 
paper on this subject,* to the position of Cape St. Roque, 
which deflected the equatorial current into the Southern Ocean. 
hat a geographical distribution of land and water permitting 
of the existence and deflection of those heat-bearing currents 1s 
one of the main factors in my theory is what must be obvious 
to every reader of ‘Climate and Time.’ 
* Phil. Mag. for August, 1864. 
