s 
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116 J. D. Dana—Phenomena of the Champlain Pervod. 
a. The Quinnipiac River—The Quinnipiac made deposits of 
sand, with some fine gravel, on its east side, east of its present 
broad marshes, but almost none on the west side; which factis 
evidence that the river transported but little, and that the ma- 
terial of the east-side deposits were mostly from tributary sup- 
plies. Along the borders of the Quinnipiac meadows there 
are clay-beds; but these are bottom or early deposits of the 
terrace formation, of quiet water origin, not those of full or 
half flood. They appear to rest on the unstratified drift or till 
that covers the sandstone, and derived the clay from the till. 
South and southeast of Hast Rock, a high terrace, full a mile 
wide, stretches from Mill River eastward to Fair Haven, and 
for four-fifths of this distance it-fronts, or is south of, the wide 
Quinnipiac meadows. Topographically it is a Quinnipiac ter- 
race; and yet not so in origin, for it is in reality, as shown 
beyond, a Mill River terrace. = 
Thus the Quinnipiae has little to show of its work in the 
New Haven plain. , 
b Wi 
river alone. About Westville, where the stream escaped from — 
its valley, the deposits are of the cobble-stone kind for a depth — 
from the top of 80 feet or more, and they are but little less 
coarse on the east side of the river, where it received the con- — 
tributions of Wilmot brook. The coarseness gradually dimin- 
ishes southward ; and three miles south, about its mouth, the — 
deposits consist mainly of sand—a change attributable to loss 
of velocity. ae 
6 Mill River.—Mill River, the great central stream, spread - 
its flood waters across the whole region, mingling its deposi- — 
ville gap at a level full seven feet above that of the Quin- z 
nipiac just east of it; and on reaching, a mile below, the end — 
flow at this point; and a diminution of coarseness eastwal™ — 
corresponds to the loss of velocity as the waters spread eastward. — 
Moreover the terrace deposits to a depth of 25 feet from the 
top have the cross-bedded structure that would have De® 
produced by the flow of Mill River, proving that it had eo! 
