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262 B. F. Koons—Kettle-Holes near Wood's Holl, Mass. 
owner of the land that its depth is eighteen feet. The map — 
here given, shows with approximate correctness, the distribu- 
tion of the kettle-holes, and also the direction of the longer 
axes. By a glance at the map it will be seen that the general 
trend of the longer axes is nearly that of the terminal moraine. 
Some few kettle-holes were found with circular depressions 
and these were omitted, but all with the longer diameter trans- 
verse to the general trend were measured and recorded. 
Over the hilly region to the northeast of Wood’s Holl, many 
of the gulleys or ravines ran northeast and southwest, about 
in line with the trend of the Elizabeth Island; the hills also 
have largely this direction. The small bays among the islands 
usually have their longest axis trending approximately north- 
east and southwest. . 
Some of these kettle-holes are upon a truly grand scale; as 
for example No. 61, which contains several smaller within 
forty feet above the small lake at its center; and on the sout 
side, near its border, but upon still higher ground, bowlder No. 
6, of table No. 2, stands projected against the southern sky 
like a huge sentinel as the observer views it from the bottom 
—of this immense pit. 
_It occurred to me before entering upon this study, that pos- 
sibly observations on the direction of the longer axis, the side 
upon which the highest border is found, position of the outlet, 
distribution, ete., might throw light on the origin of these kettle-. 
holes. But there seems to be no uniformity in any of these 
characters except the first and second. After examining all the 
facts, I am led to conclude that the arrangement of this axi8 — 
supports the theory that the depressions were made by ice. 1 
cases it appears as if a long, narrow block of ice, broken 
from the front of the glacier, had lodged against the material 
which was in front of it, and then had become covered up OY 
other materials; finally on melting it left the long kettle-hole 
with a high southern border. A couple of these are found just 
at the edge of the village of Wood's Holl, while in many others 
the appearance suggests that the ice mass was covered by 
terial from the northwest, and the result was a kettle-hole with 
a high steep northwest border. Many of the kettle-holes hav 
ing either a high border on the southeast or northwest, OF 3p 
proximating these points, seem to sustain this view. In a 
