Society of Glasgow in 18 co! ed tha’ time of the d tion ot 
eee 67, I concluded that at the Cie) mice : 
_ the Carse-cla a te: j te rature was probably 10° or 15° rthan 
“Clays the mean winter tempera | P | sf | age 
_ Tim 403 : 
te 
Physical Theory of Secular Changes of Climate. 275. 
lion, the climatic conditions were in all probability the reverse 
of what they are at present. There appears to be pretty good 
geological evidence that such was the case. This, under the 
present small amount of eccentricity, shows not only to what 
an extent climate is affected by eccentricity, but also (and with 
this we are at present more ‘particularly concerned) that its 
tendency is to cool the one hemisphere and warm the other, to 
accumulate the snow and ice on the one and melt them onthe - _ 
other. And this result, to a large extent, is doubtless brought 
‘about by its influence on ocean-currents 
There are good reasons for concluding, as Prof. J. Geikie 
has fully shown,* that at a very recent date (during the time of 
the formation of the 40-feet raised beach and the deposition of 
i hhe regret the climate was much colder than it is at pres-. 
“ent, 
he seas surrounding our Island appear to have hada 
lower temperature than they have at present; and our High-. 
land valleys seem to have been occupied by local glaciers.t 
The Carse-clays of Scotland are best developed in the val- 
leys of the Tay, the Earn, and the Forth. These deposits 
Consist of finely laminated clays and silt. ‘“ Now and again,” 
Says Prof. J. Geikie, “the ‘deposits consist of tough tenacious 
brick-clay, which does not differ in appearance from similar 
brick-clays of glacial age.” The clay is usually free from 
A erie 
appear to coincide with the most recent period of Joc glaciers. . 
_ During that period some of the glaciers, as Professor 
Geikie has shown, appear to have even reached t 
es Prehistoric furo ‘ 3 i _ 
pe. ; 
tn a paper “On the Obliquity of the Ecliptic,” read before the Geological — 
Teeresent, and the Gulf-stream considerably Climate and 
e& pp. —410, , . : Pe 
