| Miscellaneous Intelligence. 419 
change has taken place; but at Pierrepont Manor and Oswego 
there is an indication of some increase. The last two places with 
Buffalo and Rochester, are near Lake Ontario; and Mr. Gardiner 
concludes that excepting’ in the vicinity of Lake Ontario little 
change in amount of precipitation has taken place, notwithstand- 
ing the large removal of forests. 
ith regard to the relation between drainage and rain-fall 
the report states that the average flow of the west branch of the 
Croton for four years was found to be 63 per cent of the rainfall. 
The basin covers about 20 square miles, 1s mostly wooded, and 
the subjacent rocks are metamorphic. In Massachusetts the same 
average for the Cochituate basin, west of Boston, for the inter- 
val 1852 to 1875, is 45 per cent; and for the Sudbury basin, 
which has an area of 77°76 square miles; about 50 per cent. In 
both of these cases also the rocks are metamorphic, but the basins 
are only partially wooded. 
€ maximum precipitation at Rochester and Buffalo, for the 
two months, March and April, is stated to be about 10°42 inches. 
The total amount of water to be disposed of during March and 
April—the time of maximum flow—is therefore often 10 inches, 
wooded areas, that are similar to the above mentioned regions in 
climate and other conditions, any channel capable of carrying off 
the Spring flow is not liable to be flooded between May an 
ovember. ; 
At the receiving reservoir in New York, between 1864 and 
1880, the evaporation amounted to 80 per cent of the rain-fall, it 
being so great because wholly from a water-surface, and one in no 
part protected by forests from winds and the direct sun’s rays. 
ote on the condition occasioning the Ohio River flood of 
an excellent review of the facts as to this and other Ohio floods, 
i Science of February 22 
fl 
% rst from Feb. 3 
to 5, in which about 33 inches of yain fell at Cincinnati, and the 
second, on Feb. 10, 11, in which the rain-fall was about 2 inches. 
These storms extended to the head waters of the Ohio and fell upon 
* 
